The Negro Ensemble Company was founded in New York City under the direction of actor Robert Hooks, actor, playwright, and director Douglas Turner Ward, and producer and director Gerald Krone. NEC was criticized for its integrated administration (Krone was white), its Ford Foundation grant, its location in Greenwich Village, and its first seasonâs bill.
The genesis of the NEC can be traced to 1965 with the production of two one-act plays by Douglas Turner Ward, Happy Ending and Day of Absence, both satires.
The success of the plays prompted the New York Times to ask Ward to write an article on the Afro-Americans in the theatre titled âAmerican Theatre: For Whites Only?â In the article published on August 14, 1966, Ward stressed the need for an established Black theatre by African American playwrights with an unfettered, imaginative Negro angle of vision. He targeted Black audiences as the primary audience. Still, he also wanted to attract an informed white audience who shared common experiences and could readily understand and debate the playwrightsâ explorations. Wardâs Times article attracted the attention of W. McNeil Lowrey at the Ford Foundation, which asked him to apply for a grant for such a theatre. The Ford Foundation awarded Ward a $434,000 grant to establish the NEC. Teaming with Robert Hooks, who brought to the NEC his three-year-old Group Theater Workshop, they made the St. Markâs Playhouse the permanent home of NEC since it had been the site of Wardâs successful playwriting debut. A defined policy established the company as a Black-oriented, Black-controlled theatre of high professional standards with an extensive training program in all facets of theatre, from acting to backstage crafts.
The NEC launched or boosted the careers of numerous African American actors, including Moses Gunn, Francis Foster, Adolph Caesar, Denise Nicholas, Roxie Roker, Esther Rolle, Rosalind Cash, David Downing, Judyann Elder, Arthur French, Hattie Winston, Clarice Taylor, Allie Woods, and Ron OâNeal. Others who performed with NEC included Stephanie Mills, Cleavon Little, Richard Roundtree, Lauren Jones, and Roscoe Lee Browne. #africanhistory365 #africanexcellence