A Short Analysis of FSYY's View of Fate
β¦This picture basically sums up a lot of the in-story explanation for "Why a plot thing happens".
Understandably, most modern readers tend to call it bullshit, and suggest that it's nothing but a self-serving lie used to justify Ancient China's Bloodiest Bureaucracy Recruitment Program.
When it comes to adaptations, I, too, feel like it's a case of "Just because it made sense to the writers back then and they believed in this stuff, doesn't mean you, as a modern reader or adaptation maker, have to buy into the same ideas."
However, there aren't a lot of writings on the "Whys" behind the ubiquity of Fate Says So. As such, I'd like to offer my own amateur explanation.
Basically, it's because the novel's two conflicting themes and the author-compiler being really insecure about them.
See, FSYY's view on rebellion is very much in line with Mencius, who suggested that if your ruler treated his lieges and subjects like shit, you, as a liege, were perfectly justified to respond in kind.
He also famously said in his own work, Mengzi, that "I only know King Wu's slaying of Zhou the Tyrant, not a vassal's murder of his lord."
Or, to heavily rephrase and simplify it:
"I only know the death of a tyrant, not the murder of a king."
Well, Zhu Yuanzhang, Ming dynasty's founding emperor, really didn't like these parts of Mengzi.
It was said that he tried to take away Mencius's officially sanctioned sacrifice, and he was behind the creation of a heavily censored version of Mengzi called εεθζ, minus all the "rebellious sentiments", that were used as textbook for 17 years.
It didn't suceed at taking Mencius out of circulation, but combined with the elevation of Zhu Xi by the state, there is a turn towards conservatism and strengthening of imperial legitimacy in early Ming Neo-Confucianism.
By the late Ming times, there is a notable relaxation in the strength of the ol' Confucian orthodoxy. That doesn't mean its influence on cultural norms weren't still significant, though.
And FSYY, being a typical Ming work, also loves to get on the Neo-Confucian soapbox from time to time.
Which was not too uncommon for vernacular novels written by literati, who saw novels as another opportunity to moralize and educate the uncouth masses.
Like, even friggin' erotic novels like to defend themselves with "I'm writing all the explicit sex scenes to show you the detrimental effect of lust and how everyone involved get their karmic justice, not because it's hot!"
Which naturally poses a dilemma: How can you subscribe to Mencius's view on justified rebellion, while also being 100% sincere about your Neo-Confucian morality tracts where rebelling against your ruler is a no-no?
Apparently, FSYY's answer is 1) Fate Says So, and 2) Being really insistent that They Are Only Rebelling Because King Zhou Is the Worst, It Should Be Your Last Resort, Do Not Try This At Home.
Because Fate is connected to the Mandate of Heaven (a word I don't like to use, because I feel like non-Chinese audiences have some strange ideas about what it means), it essentially functions as a higher authority that can override standard Neo-Confucian morality.
"Normally, you aren't supposed to rebel against your lord, but Fate Says You Can because this ain't normal times."
And the idea of Fate is still based on that very morality, because human affairs and Heavenly Order are intricately connected.
A ruler gains the throne by being the exemplar of a set of moral virtues and guiding his subjects towards those virtues, and when people, especially rulers, Do Bad Things, it will create ripples in the natural world in the form of disasters, birth of mutated animals, yaoguai sightings, and unusual celestial phenomena.
Like, Heaven doesn't exactly pick a ruler and forms a personal connection with said ruler and his lineage.
It's more of a "If you Do X, Y will happen" scenario, where X is Immorality and Bad Statecraft and Y is Disasters, Rebellions, and Weird Shit (that may lead to the ruler's deposition and dynastic transistion).
And on the folk level, people might not know that much about the Mandate in the classical literature sense, but they did take Fate seriously, whether in the form of divination and taboos, or belief in karmic retribution.
Like, if you already believed that the time of your birth could determine your personality and future, that doing good stuff would beget you good things in this life and the next, and bad shit happening to good people was the result of karmic debts from past lives carrying over?
"Fate Says So" might be far less outlandish to you than it would be to a modern audience. And even then, one could interpret it in ways that subverted social order instead of reinforcing it.
You can see this in IRL sectarian cult rebellions, where they often portrayed their leaders as incarnations of celestial deities and appealed to the same "Fate/Mandate Override" rhetorics to legitimize themselves.
Which may be why, even while using the Fate Says So argument, the author-compiler is still afraid of coming off across as "Rebelling against the emperor is okay, actually!"
Well, the intended message is closer to "Rebelling against the emperor is okay only if 1) Fate Says So, and 2) the emperor is the Worst of the Worst, and even if the loyalty is misguided, it is still good and commendable."
(Technically, this is pretty close to Mencius's thought too: he's also of the opinion that you can only overthrow your ruler if he's a piece of shit who's dangerously bad at his job, and it shouldn't be a regular solution.)
Which is why you see Shang officials being loyal to King Zhou and hoping he'd see reason even after multiple gruesome executions, and Novel King Wen & King Wu being giant pushovers.
If King Zhou needs to be the Worst Guy Ever in order to justify rebellion, then the ones leading the rebellion also need to be the perfect Sage Kings and Neo-Confucian morality paragons who'd never rebel against their king out of their own volition.
"We would never rebel against our lord, honest, we just wanna knock on the palace doors politely and make him see reason with a long, boring speech, I don't know why JZY and the other vassals interpreted it as 'Topple the Shang and Make the Zhou lineage the new emperor'!"
Which is extremely annoying, even when you kinda get why the author-compiler is doing it.
I feel like FSYY is less of a morality tract when you compare it to other obscure Ming Shenmo novels that actually are morality tracts wearing a fake mustache.
In fact, its alignment with Mencius's view on rebellion, as well as the usage of Fate as a Deus Ex Machina override to conventional values like filial piety or loyalty, arguably makes it less stringently Neo-Confucian.
But the author-compiler's attempt to justify the rebellion with repetitive in-story speeches and stress that They Want to Be Loyal/Filial, Actually, They Just Have No Other Choices...does make parts of the book quite a chore to modern readers.
I do feel like you can take Fate seriously in a FSYY adaptation, both as an actual cosmological force and something characters genuinely believe in, and still create an engaging story.
Maybe look into the historical Shang-Zhou transistion's effect on the view of Heaven, and the early accounts of the fall of Shang that weren't as Confucianized, and make it an actual epic war story with the characterization and worldbuilding that are missing from the Ming novel.
Or, better, take "Fate Says So" to its most ridiculous extremes and make it funny.
(Because gosh, the novel takes itself too seriously at times, and not in a fun way.)