the group named the emishi gets directly referenced in chapter 1 of jojolion and i believe this is who they are supposed to represent.

the emishi are the ancestors of the ainu people of japan, and their displacement is framed as a curse in jojolions text. there's a lot of similarities between rock humans and the ainu as well, from them claiming high ranking social status in japanese society, and their belief that nature is sacred, as it is stated that rock humans have a fascination for the land and earth. (Read on Ainu beliefs here)

about their behavior, i find this page to be unreliable:

rock humans still desire a purpose and place in society, from wanting parental affection and security from their start by clinging to wasp queens to being fiancially stable. Of course, there is an elevated level of independence, but i think saying they do not feel love paints a poorer picture. I also believe many of their behavior may be learned from their environment as well;

The caste structure of the wasp’s social system appears to be maintained primarily through aggressive interactions among the colony members. If a queen fails to sustain her dominant role, she will be replaced by another fertile female who assumes primary responsibility for egg production.

this also extends to the fact wasps will form groups for self benefit but have no issue attacking their own kind for personal motives. their philosophy lies about in the brutality of nature, because they respect the blessings of the earth and their behaviors resemble how predators hunt prey because that is just the flow of things. the concept of "calamities" is man vs nature.