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If you trade crypto in India, this is the rule that catches almost everyone off guard.

Section 115BBH doesn't just tax gains at a flat 30%. It also blocks any loss relief:

- A loss on one coin CANNOT offset a gain on a different coin

- Crypto losses CANNOT offset salary, stock gains, or any other income

- Losses CANNOT be carried forward to next year — they just expire

Real example: profit ₹3,00,000 on Bitcoin, loss ₹2,00,000 on an altcoin in the same year. Intuitively you're up ₹1,00,000 net. Under 115BBH you still owe 30% tax on the full ₹3,00,000 Bitcoin gain — the altcoin loss provides zero relief and simply vanishes.

Add the 1% TDS on most transfers and every VDA-to-VDA trade becomes its own fully taxed, non-nettable event. This is one of the strictest treatments of any asset class in India, unchanged since it was introduced.

Full breakdown with more INR examples: https://bitcoinchurchasia.com/en/india-crypto-tax-loss-setoff/

For years, crypto in Vietnam lived in a legal grey zone — widely used, not officially recognized, no protection if things went wrong. That changed on January 1, 2026, when the Law on Digital Technology Industry took effect.

The new law, passed in June 2025, gives digital assets formal legal recognition as a type of property under Vietnam's Civil Code, splitting them into "virtual assets" and "cryptoassets." Holding, trading and investing are now clearly legal.

The catch: individual investors now pay a 0.1% tax on the total value of each transfer — not on profit, on the whole transaction. Even a break-even trade is taxed. Keep records.

Using crypto as a direct means of payment is still banned by the State Bank of Vietnam. And Vietnam is building a pilot licensed exchange market, signalling it wants to push users onto local platforms over time.

Self-custody still matters — a licensed exchange is the safest place to buy, not necessarily to store.