Shiprock, aka Tsé Bitʼaʼí in Navajo, “rock with wings” or “winged rock.” The Navajo name for the peak, Tsé Bitʼaʼí, “rock with wings” or “winged rock” is a reference to the legend of the great bird that brought the Navajo from the north to their present lands. Geologically, Shiprock is the erosional remnant of a volcano, composed of fractured volcanic breccia and black dikes of igneous rock called minette that form a wall extending from the volcanic core. It formed 2,500–3,000 feet beneath the Earth’s surface. The walls were fissures that filled with lava and hardened (like a jello mold). The hard, volcanic rock was exposed after millions of years of wind and water eroded the sorter sedimentary and metamorphic rock. The wall-like sheets, known as dikes, radiate away from the central formation. Radiometric age established an approximate age of 27 million years. Shiprock is in the northeastern part of the Navajo Volcanic Field—a field that includes intrusions and flows of minette and other unusual igneous rocks that formed about 30 million years ago. Agathla (El Capitan) in Monument Valley is another prominent volcanic neck in this volcanic field. (at Shiprock)
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