Resources For Brythonic Research

There is a wealth of information available on the gods of the insular Celts, one of the many benefits of having a surviving literature. It can be more difficult to find information about the gods of the continental tribes. Here are a few links to explore.

Deo Mercurio Excellent site about Gaulish gods and religion. My link is to the English-language version of the site, but there is also (and, I believe, primarily) a French version. Good info, good citations.

Celtnet Celtnet is a wonderful trove of information about Welsh, Gaulish and Brythonic deities, well cited and highly recommended.

Gods of Gaul and Britain Map My own no-guarantees, very much a work in progress Google map that attempts to place those Celtic and Germanic gods of Gaul and Britain who we know primarily from archaeological evidence.  If you see any glaring errors, please let me know. :)

Hello Anon! 

I unfortunately don’t know anyone who is active in Welsh Polytheism on Tumblr anymore :/ (I knew of @thegrovecalls but I think they’re no longer active on Tumblr? Tagging them anyways). 

I’ll tag this as “Welsh Polytheism” and “Brythonic Polytheism” and hopefully maybe there is still someone tracking those tags. Also tag “Celtic Polytheism” in case too.

Otherwise, I know where you can find resources for Welsh Polytheism. Mary Jones Encyclopedia is useful. There’s also this resource page.

I decided to compile a list of all of the Gods and Goddesses that I will be writing about. This is just as much for organization, as it is for reference. They are separated into their appropriate grouping as well. Hope you enjoy!

This list, by no stretch of the imagination makes me the authority on theology/mythology. What I have written here, is my take on the various Gods and Goddesses found within Celtic Polytheism.

If there is anything that I have missed, misconstrued or that you feel as though should be added, please let me know via the ‘ask’ section of my page. Thank you, so much!

Gaulish/Brythonic Deities

Abandinus - Possible River God Abelio (Abellio, Abelionni) - God of tree. Presumably, Apple Trees Abnoba - Goddess of the forest and river. She’s popular in the Black Forest in Germany  Adsullata - Local Goddess of a River (Savubalabada) Aericura (Eracura, Erecura, Herecura) - Goddess of the Underworld, but also known as a battle guardian. Some believe she was originally an earth (mother) goddess associated with Silvanus. Agronia - Goddess of War Alaunus (Fin) - God of Prophecy and Healing Alisanos (Alisaunus) - Local god worshipped in Côte-d’Or (east-central France).  Ambisagrus - God of Thunder and Lightning Ancamna - Goddess of water. Inscriptions can be found in Trier, in South Western Germany.   Ancasta - Local Goddess, Goddess of a River (Itchen) Andarta - Goddess of fertility, Patroness of the Vocontii tribe. Little is known about her, leaving only the ability to look at the etymology of her name. She Who Is Bear Like. This causes many to speculate whether she was a Goddess of War, the Hunt, Forests, etc.  Andraste - Goddess of Victory Anextiomarus (Anextlomarus, Anextlomara) - A God of Protection Ankou - Death God Arduinna - Local Goddess, Goddess of Forest (Ardennes) and hunting. She was often depicted riding the back of a wild boar. She was popular in the Ardennes region.  Atepomarus - Horse God Arvernus - Tribal God Arausio - God of Water Arnemetia - Goddess of Water Artio - Bear God. The gender of this deity is vague. However, some believe King Arthur was descended from the bear God Artaius. The female depiction of this deity was Artio or Dea Artio.  Aufaniae - Mother Goddess Aveta - Mother Goddess. Patron Goddess of Midwifery and birth.   Barinthus (Manannán mac Lir) - God of Sea and Water Belatucadros - God of War Belenus - Meaning "Bright One", he is the God revered commonly as the one responsible for the fire festival of Beltane. Associated with the Irish Bilé, he was said to be the consort of Danu. Takes on Belenus are conflicted. In some texts, he is referenced as the God of Healing; however, as equated to Bilé he appears as a psychopomp, and the God of Darkness. Belisama - Goddess of Lakes, Rivers, Fire, Crafts and Light Borvo (Bormo, Bormanus) - God of Hot and Mineral Springs Brigindo (Brigantia, Brigit, Brighid) - Triple Goddess, heavily revered throughout the Celtic lands. She was the Goddess of arts, crafts, fertility, and possibly of war. Her name means “Exalted One” or “High One”. Imbolc was a celebration thrown in her honor.  Britannia - Island Goddess Buxenus - God of Box Trees Camma - Figure of Vengeance (Questionable, about whether a Goddess) Camulus (Camalos) - God of War and Sky, whose symbol was a wild boar. He was said to wield an invincible sword, and in some depictions (chiefly, coins found in Camulodunum) he is depicted with horns. Canteonnessis - Suspected Local God

Cathubodua - A Continental Goddes of War equated to Badb Catha (Battle Crow). See Morrigan. Cernunnos - The Horned God - A God of nature, and presumably a God of fertility, animals, grains, fruits and agriculture. He was often referred to as the “Lord of the Wild Things.” Early Christians equated Cernunnos to the Devil, or the anti-Christ. In fact, some Christians still do. Cicolluis - God of Celtic Army Cimbrianus - Lord of the Compatriots Cissonius (Cisonius, Cesonius) - God of Trade Clota - Patron Goddess of the River Clyde Cocidius - God of War Condatis - God of “the Confluences of Rivers” Contrebis (Contrebis, Contrebus) - God of a City Coventina - Goddess of Wells and Springs Damara - Goddess of Fertility Damona - “Divine Cow” more notably worshipped as the consort Apollo Borvo and Apollo Moritasgus Dea Matrona - “Divine Mother Goddess” and Goddess of the River Marne Dea Sequana - Goddess of the River Seine Debranua - Goddess of Speed and Fat Dii Casses - Grouped Gods that were worshipped by Celts on the right bank of Rhine. Dis Pater (Dispater) - God of the Underworld Epona -  Fertility Goddess, Protector of Horses, Donkeys and Mules. She is equated to the Welsh horse-Goddess Rhiannon and the Irish Goddess, Macha. Many also believe that the name Eponabus is indicative of her being a triple Goddess. She was adopted by the Romans and turned into the patron Goddess of cavalrymen. Erecura - Earth Goddess Esus (Aisunertos, Esunertos, Aisus, Aesus, Hesus) - God associated with Blood Sacrifices and hanging in the Lugarian and Treveri Tribes. Typically, with two other Gods (Taranis, Teutates). His name can be equated to “Lord” or “Master.” He was the husband to Rosmerta, a fertility Goddess. He was often depicted with three birds (cranes) and a bull.  Fagus - God of Beech Trees Genii Cucullati - Hooded Spirits Grannus - God of healing and the spring. He was often depicted with Sirona, who was a Goddess of Healing and Springs. Icaunus - God of a River Icovellauna - Goddess of Water Intarabus - Suspected Local God Iovantucarus - Protector of Youth Lenus - God of Healing, worshiped by the Treveri Tribe Leucetios (Leucetius) - God of Thunder Litavis - Local Goddess Lugus - God of light or, of the sun. He was rather popular with the Celts; so popular, in fact, that several cities were named after him. It’s because of Lugus that many people confuse Lugh, an Irish God, as a God of the Sun. However, some debate that Lugus is a triune God encompassing Esus, Toutatis and Taranis, who were often equated to blood sacrifices, leading to the premise and practice of the infamous three-fold death. Luxovius (Luxovius) - God of City’s Water Maponos (Maponus) - God of Youth Mars Cnabetius - God of War

Matres - Triad of mother Goddesses, meant to protect the home against famine and diseases, as well as to represent fertility. Mogons (Moguns) - Mountain God? Moritasgus - A Healing Badger God Mullo - God, associated with Mars, Horses and Mules Nantosuelta - Goddess of nature, valley and streams. Her symbol was that of a Raven, implying that she was connected to death and the underworld. She was also the consort to Sucellus; the God of Fertility and Prosperity.

Nehalennia - Goddess of seafarers, and was the tribal goddess of the Morini. She was often depicted holding either an oar or a rope in her hands. Sometimes, she’d even be carrying a cornucopia, which would indicate that she had some ties with fertility. Nemausus (Nemausius) - Local God of a sacred spring in Nimes, Southern France. Nemetona - Goddess of the Altar Nerius - Local Healer God Nodens (Nudens, Nodons) - God of Healing, Sea, Hunting and Dogs Ogmios - Revered as the God of eloquence, due to his depictions of being followed by a crowd, with their ears attached to his mouth by a golden chain, he has been equated to Ogma, the Irish God of eloquence and poetry (and the son of Danu and Dagda). He has also been revered as a God of Strength (so much so as to be equated to Roman Hercules). He can also be seen depicted wearing a Lion’s hide as a cloak, carrying a club and a bow.

Rigisamus (Rigonmetis) - A little known Celtic God of War. Ritonia (Pritona, Ritona) - Local Goddess of the Treveri Tribe, equated to the Goddess of rivers and fords. Robor - God of Oak Trees Rosmerta - A fertility Goddess, depicted as carrying a basket of fruit, which implies a Goddess of abundance, as well. She can often be seen carrying a two-headed ax. She was the wife of Esus. Rudianos - God of War

Rudiobus - Local God, presumably, a God of Horses. Sabrina - Goddess of the River Severn Segomo - God of War Senua - Suspected Goddess of Travelers Sequana -  Local River Goddess. She occupied territory between the Saône, Rhône and Rhine rivers. It’s also said that she is the Goddess of Healing, and can be found depicted wearing diadem, standing on a boat with her arms spread out. Sirona - Goddess of healing springs, whom was often depicted with Grannus, a God of Healing Springs. She was a very popular Goddess in the west of Brittany to the east of Hungary. Sirona was depicted as a seated goddess, wearing a diadem on her head, a dog resting on her lap, a snake entwined around her right arm, while she was holding three eggs. In ancient civilizations, the snake was often a depiction of healing, while the eggs were often synonymous with fertility. In other depictions, she can be found holding grains and fruit. Smertrios (Smertios, Smertrius) - This is not the name of a God, but more like a title gifted to Gods of War. However, there are depictions that would lead to the belief that Smertrios was deified. Chiefly, a specific image with the water Goddess Ancamma where he is depicted as a bearded god holding a rearing snake in one hand, while the other hand held either a club or a firebrand. Möhn, near Trier, there was a large sacred spring, enclosed by a temple which led to the belief that he could be a God of healing springs and god of plenty. Sucellos (Sucellus, Sucellos) - Possibly the god of feast and providence, woodland and agriculture. He was consort to Nantosuelta, a Goddess of nature and water. He was often depicted carrying a long-handed hammer and a cauldron, suggesting that those who invoked his name, either ask him for protection or provision. This sort of associated him with the Irish god Dagda, due to the Dagda having a magical Cauldron, and his weapon; a huge club on wheels. Sucellus was also seen accompanied by a raven and a three-headed dog. These link him to the funerary practice. Suleviaw - A Triune Version of Sulis Sulis - Goddess of Life-Giving and an Agent of Curses Tamesisaddas - Goddess of the River Thamers Taranis - His name means “Thunderer”, which equates him to the God of Thunder. His symbol was that of the spoke wheel. He is also depicted often with Esus and Teutates, tying him with the theory of Lugus, and the three-fold death. His victims were “placed in a wicker image before it was burned.”

Tarvus Trigaranus - A bull God. Sometimes, he is depicted with three horns. Other times, he can be found depicted with three cranes perched on his back. Toutatis (Caturix, Teutates) - “God of the People,” is his name’s literal translation. He is also known as a God of war, wealth and fertility He was often equated under the theory of Lugus, seen with Esus and Taranis. His sacrifices were often drowned in a sacrificial lake. Veteris (Vitiris, Vheteris, Huetiris, Hueteris) - Unknown, affiliated with Mogons, and had all male followers Verbeia - Goddess of the River Wharfe Virotutis - “Celtic epithet of the God Apollo” Visucius - Associated with Mercury, Ravens and Knowledge Vindonnus - God of Hunting and Healing Vintonus - Local Deity, God of the Vines Vosegus - A local God, who was the personification of Vosges (a mountain/forest region in Eastern France). He was often depicted carrying a pig under his arm.

Celtiberian Deities

Aernus - Local God, said to be the protector of a specific tribe Andovelicus (Endovelicus) - God of Safety and Health Arencia (Arentia, Guarantee, Arengia) - Goddess Warrior, Goddess of Victory Arentio - God of War, Represents strength Ataegina - Triple Goddess, Nature, Healing and Infernal Bandoga (Bandonga) - Goddess of Protection and Family and Laws and Order Bormanicus - See Borvo/Bormo under Brythonic Brigo - God of Creation, Protector and Promoter of Civilizations. Destroyer of Chaos, linked to creation. Candamius - Astrail God Cariocecus - God of War Coronus - Horned God, God of Death and the Underworld Cosunenaecus - Warrior God Cossue (Cosus, Coso, Cosue) - Warrior God Dercetius - Mountain God Duberdicus - God of Mountains, Lakes and Fountains Durius - Personification of a river known as Douro, possibly, a Fishing God as well Enobolico (Indibilis) - A chieftain, possibly a Celtiberian Hero turned God Epane (Epona, Iccona) - Goddess of Celtic Origin Kuanikio (Quangeio, Quangeius) - God the Creator, God of Fertility of the Fields and Protector of Animals Luru (Luruni, Lurunio) - God of Death Nabia - Goddess of Nature fertilizing, renewal, water, fountains and rivers, as well as the woods Neto (Neton, Nedo, Nida, Nita) - Warrior and Avenging God Reva - Mother Goddess of life and death as protects men and is the protector of all worlds. Female equivalent to Reve Reve (Reo, Reus, Revs, Eusr, Rauue) - Great Spirit of Nature, Protector of Men (Masculine) Runesocesius (Runesus) - God of Mystery, and War Sucellus - God of Agriculture, Forests and Alcoholic Beverages Tabalienus - God of Origin Astur Tameobrigo (Tameobrigus) - Mighty God, Protector of the Sick. God of War, Hunting and Forests Togae (Toga) - Local God Tongoenabiagus (Tangoenabiago, Tonge, Tongo, Tongenabiago, Tongae, Tongoe Nabiagoi) - God of Brácaros Calaicos Trebaruna - Warrior Goddess and Protector of Heroes Trebopala - Local Goddess Turiacus (Turiaco, Turiago, Cosus Turiacus) - Local God Vaseco - Local God Vordus (Vordo, Vordius) - God of Thunder, Lightning and Storms Visucius - Associated with Mercury, Ravens and Knowledge (Found in Welsh)

Gaelic Deities

Abarta - God of Jealousy and Team Work Aed (Aodh) - God of the Underworld Aengus (Óengus , Aonghus) - God of Love, Youth and Poetic Inspiration Aí (Aoi, Aoi Mac Ollamain) - God of Poetry Aibell (Aoibheall) - Guardian Spirit and Ruler of a sídhe (Bean sídhe, bansee) Aimend - Goddess of the Sun Áine - Goddess of Love and Fertility Airmed (Airmid) - Goddess of Herbalism Anand (Anann, Anu) - Goddess of Fertility, Cattle and Prosperity. Part of The Morrígan (triple Goddess) Badb (Badhbh) - Goddess of War. Part of The Morrígan (triple Goddess) Balor - “Balor of the Evil Eye”, king of the Fomorians Banba (Banbha) - Patron Goddess of Ireland (Local Goddess) Bébinn (Béfind, Bébhinn, Bébhionn, Béfhionn) - Goddess of Birth Beira - Mother of all Gods and Goddesses (Scottish) Boand (Boann, Bóinn) - Local River Goddess Brigit (Brighid or Bríd) - Goddess, revered as Saint Brigid. Also, considered a triple Goddess, having two other sisters who share her name. She is widely affiliated with the hearth, and fertility Credne (Creidhne) - God of Art, who forged weapons for the Tuatha Dé to fight against the Formorians with his two brothers Goibniu and Luchtaine Crob Derg (Crobh Dearg) - Harvest Goddess in Irish, Scottish and Welsh Crom Cruach - God of Fertility Crom Dubh - God of Fertility (Scottish) Dagda aka Dag Dia (Daghdha) - The All-Father Danu (Dana) - Mother Goddess of the Tuatha Dé Danann Dian Cecht - God of Healing Donn - Lord of the Dead Ecne - God of Wisdom and Knowledge Elatha (Ealadha) - Moon God (Possible) Ériu (Éire) - Goddess of Ireland Étaín (Éadaoin) - Sun Goddess Fand - Goddess of the Sea, and later, the Faeries Flidais - Shapeshifter, and member of the Tuatha Dé Danann Fódla (Fódhla) - Goddess of Ireland Lí Ban- (Líban or Liban) - Sister to Fand, and Avenging Goddess Lir - God of Sea Luchtaine aka Luchta - God of Art, who forged weapons for the Tuatha Dé to fight against the Formorians with his two brothers Goibniu and Credne Lug aka Lugh (Lú) - God of Sun Macha - Goddess of Ireland, associated with War, Horses and Sovereignty Manannán mac Lir - Sea God, who is heavily affiliated with the underworld. Medb Lethderg (Meadhbh or Méabh Leathdhearg) - Goddess of Sovereignty with Tara. Lover of Nine Kings Mongfind (Mongfhionn) - Goddess of Sorcery Morrígan (Morríghan) - Goddess of Battle, Strife and Sovereignty. A part of the Triple Goddess (The Morrigan). Mór Muman (Mór Mumhan) - Goddess of Sovereignty Neit - God of War Ogma (Oghma) - God of Eloquence

Welsh Deities

Aeron - God of Slaughter Amaethon - God of Agriculture Arawn - King of the Otherworld Realm of Annwn Afallach - Descendant of Beli Mawr and father of Mabon ap Modron Arianrhod - Known for giving birth to Dylan Ail Don and Lleu Llaw Gyffes “through magical means” Beli Mawr - Ancestor Deity Bendigeidfran - Giant and King of Britain Blodeuwedd - Wife of Lleu Llaw Gyffes, and made of flowers (broom, meadowsweet and the oak) by magicians Math and Gwydion Brânwen - Married to the King of Ireland, but their union does not bring peace. Ceridwen - An enchantress who is said to have a cauldron of poetic inspiration. Wiccans regard her as a Goddess of Transformation, Rebirth and Inspiration Dôn - Mother Goddess Dwyfan and Dwyfach - Effectively, Welsh Noah’s Arc and Adam and Eve rolled into one Gofannon - God of the Smith, Alcohol with strong ties to immortality Gwydion - Magician, Hero and Trickster Gwyn ap Nudd - God of the Hunt Hafgan - King of the Otherworld Lleu Llaw Gyffes - Welsh equivalent to Lugh (Found under Celtic) Llŷr - Possibly a sea God, however, his role is Welsh mythology is rather obscure. Some speculate that he has strong ties to Lir, the father of Manannán mac Lir Modron - Goddess of Fertility and Harvest Rhiannon - Goddess of Sovereignty

Other Noteworthy Names