Linguistic masochism

I’ve updated the Korean Resources section of The Library and I’ve made it rebloggable for those that prefer that :)

Korean

Routledge Grammar - Basic Korean - A Grammar and Workbook (second source) (third source)

Routledge Grammar - Intermediate Korean - A Grammar and Workbook (second source)

Using Korean - A Guide to Contemporary Usage

Korean Grammar for International Learners

Colloquial Korean - The Complete Course for Beginners

Korean Level 1 (Seoul National University)

Essential Korean [Ellen K. Yoon]

Dirty Korean: Everyday Slang from “What’s Up?” to “F*%# Off!” [Haewon Geebi Baek] (second source)

Korean Grammar for International Learners [Ho Bin Ihm, Kyung Pyo Hong, Suk In Chang]

Korean Word Book [Marshal R Pihl]

My First Book of Korean Words: An ABC Rhyming Book [Henry J. Amen IV, Kyubyong Park]

Using Korean: A Guide to Contemporary Usage [Miho Choo, Hye-Young Kwak]

College Korean

Intermediate College Korean [Clare You, Eunsu Cho]

Elementary Korean [Ross King, Jae-Hoon Yeon]

Hippocrene Beginner’s Series - Beginner’s Korean

Korean From Zero 1

Korean Grammar in Use: Beginning to Early Intermediate

Korean through English, Book One

Korean: A Complete Course for Beginners [Jaemin Roh]

My Korean 1 [Young-A Cho, In-Jung Cho, Douglas Ling]

My Korean 2 [Young-A Cho, In-Jung Cho, Douglas Ling]

Step by Step: Korean through 15 Action Verbs [Dr In Ku Kim-Marshall]

Beginner TOPIK Grammar & Vocabulary

Intermediate TOPIK Grammar

TOPIK Elementary Adjectives

TOPIK Elementary Grammar

TOPIK Elementary Nouns

TOPIK Intermediate Adjectives

TOPIK Intermediate Grammar

TOPIK Intermediate Nouns

TOPIK Intermediate Verbs

TOPIK Listening Files

Korean In Action: For International Learners [Gi-Hyun Shin, Adrian Buzo]

Making Out in Korean (second source)

Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone [Korean]

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets [Korean]

Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban [Korean]

Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire [Korean]

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix [ Korean]

Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince [Korean]

tumblr folks sometimes ask me to make posts about social justice related subjects and I haven’t because these subjects aren’t as popularized in korea so the proper vocab is hard to find. but now I’ve actually come across some stuff on gender in my university lectures so here you go~~ keep in mind that just because a word exists doesn’t mean the general population will always know what it means, though!

여성주의(페미니즘) feminism

성소수자 LGBT (lit. sexual minorities)

여성학 women’s studies

가부장제 patriarchy

젠더 gender (the korean 성별 refers to sex, and there is no separate word for gender, so the english is used when you must differentiate, another option is to describe them as 생물적 성 vs 사회적 성)

상호교차성 intersectionality

트렌스젠더 transgender

특권 privilege 

성역할 gender role

젠더 이분법 gender binary

섹스 긍정성 sex positivity

강간문화 rape culture

성희롱 sexual harassment

내면화된 성차별 internalized sexism

여혐 misogyny

몸에 대한 긍정 body positivity

몸에 대한 자율권 bodily autonomy

성 지향성/ 성적 지향 sexual orientation

성 정체성 gender identity

자유주의/보수주의 liberalism/conservatism

평등 (성평등, 기회편등) equality (gender equality, equal opportunity)

해방 liberation

~~특유의 경험 the unique experiences of ~~

참정권 political rights

여권 women’s rights (not to be confused with 旅券 lol)

옹호 defense (of a point/ ideology)

사회변혁 societal revolution

억압 oppression

연좌시위 sit-in protest

타파(하다) overthrow

(성)추행 molestation

인신매매 human trafficking 

성매매/공창 prostitution 

철폐 abolition

생존권 right to live

투쟁 (the) struggle (for..)

정치 세력 political power

This is really cool.

Japanese

Job : 仕事 | Shigoto

Employee : 会社員 | Kaishain

Student : 学生 | Gakusei

Housewife : 主婦 | Shufu

Doctor : 医師 | Ishi

Soldier : 軍人 | Gunjin

Expert : 専門家 | Senmonka

Entrepreneur : 起業家 | Kigyōka

Athlete : アスリート | Asurīto

Entertainer : 芸能人 | Geinōjin

Artist : アーティスト | Ātisuto

■Learn how to talk about hobbies in Japanese: http://ow.ly/zpqN308zrJ4

Korean

Job :직업 | Jigeop

Employee : 회사원 | Hoesawon

Student : 학생 | Haksaeng

Housewife : 주부 | Jubu

Doctor : 의사 | Uisa

Soldier : 군인 | Gunin

Expert : 전문가 | Jeonmunga

Entrepreneur : 기업가 | Gieopga

Athlete : 운동선수 | Undongseonsu

Entertainer : 연예인 | Yeonyein

Artist : 예술가 | Yesulga

■Learn how to talk about hobbies in Korean: http://ow.ly/cCPG307FY0Q

—

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’(으)려던 참이다'는 동작동사에 붙어 말하는 사람이 어떤 일을 하려고 생각하고 있었음 나타낼 때 사용한다.

‘다가 보니까’ is used to express the fact that, not only had the speaker been intending to do what the speaker suggesting/referring to, but was about to/intending to do the action very soon.

Can not be used with future tense, propositive, or imperative sentences.

참이다 is used when the action was going to at that (almost) very moment. 참이었다 is used when there had been the intention to do the action for a time, or if the planned action was completed by another, and as a result does not need to be done again by the speaker.

너무 더워서 문을 좀 열었어. 나 고마워. 안 그래도 문을 열려던 참이었어. It’s too hot, so I opened the dorr a bit. Ah thanks. If you hadn’t I was going to open the door.

Is often used with 지금/막/마침/지금 막/안 그래도/그렇지 않아도 to emphasize that it was something the speaker was intending to do.

참에 is the form used as a clause connector. Action/subject can be different

Grammar

451. やら～やら (yara~yara):

Parsing: {[Verb Phrase] or [Noun Phrase]} [yara- substantivizing suffix] Note: One will tend to use the expression more than once. If used once, it conveys an uncertainty. 

Meaning: “such things like/as NOUN/VERB PHRASE” Note: This is just a form of creating a list.

Example: “Boku wa mainichi keeki yara oreo yara wo taberu.” “I eat things like cake and oreos everyday.” 

452. よりほかない (yori hoka nai):

Parsing: [Verb Phrase [Verb(imperfective)]] {optional [yori- post-position]} [hoka- noun] [nai(negative)- copula/verb]

Meaning: “to have no choice but to VERB PHRASE”

Example: “Kono resutoran wa beeru ga nai kara mizu wo nomu yori hoka nai.” “Because this restaurant does not have beer, I have no choice but to drink water.”

453. ようでは (you de wa): 

Parsing: [Verb Phrase [Verb(imperfective)]] [you- noun] [de- gerund verb] [wa- topical particle]

Meaning: “If VERB PHRASE” Note: Whatever follows this topical phrase, it has to be something negative. That’s how the expression works.

Example: “Mainichi keeki wo taberu you de wa toukyoubyou wo hasshou suru.” “If one eats cake everyday, one will develop diabetes.”

454. ようがない/ようもない (you ga nai/you mo nai):

Parsing: [Verb Phrase [Verb(stem)]] [you- verbal suffix] {[ga- nominative particle] or [mo- secondary particle]} [nai(negative)- copula/verb]

Meaning: “It is impossible to VERB PHRASE.”

Example: “Boku wa sono uta o shinazu ni utai-you ga nai.” “It is impossible for me to sing that song without dying.”

455. 要するに (you suru ni): 

Parsing: [you suru- verb] [ni- dative particle] [Inflexional Phrase] Note: I’m not entirely sure if this is a dative particle. I really don’t like there being a dative particle and an adverbial suffix. I’m starting to believe they can be reconciled; but for now let’s call it a dative particle.

Meaning: “The point is, INFLEXIONAL PHRASE.”

Example: “You suru ni kodomo wa akuma da.” “The point is, children are demons.”

456. ざるを得ない (zaru wo enai):

Parsing: [Verb Phrase [Verb(negative stem (w/o -nai)] [zaru- archaic verbal suffix] [wo- accusative particle] [enai(negative)- verb] Note: This is one of those older expressions that still lives on even though it doesn’t really match well with modern Japanese grammar.

Meaning: “one can’t help VERB PHRASE”

Example: “Watashi wa kimi to koi wo ochirazaru wo enai.” “I can’t help falling in love with you.”

457. ずに済む (zu ni sumu): 

Parsing: [Verb Phrase [Verb(-zu negative)]] [ni- dative particle] [sumu- verb]

Meaning: “to get by without VERB PHRASE”

Example: “Angai kanojo wa toiretto-peepaa wo kawazu ni sumu.” “Surprisingly, she gets by without buying toilet paper.” 

_______________This marks the end of the JLPT N2 grammar________________

458. あえて (aete):

Parsing: [aete- adverb] [Verb Phrase]

Meaning: “to VERB PHRASE deliberately” Note: The implication with “aete” is that it is a rather bold act, that’s why it will sometimes be translated as “to dare to…”

Example: “Kanojo wa boku no chiizu ni aete fureta.” “She deliberately touched my cheese.”

459. あくまでも (akumade mo):

Parsing: [akumade- adverb] [mo- secondary particle] [Verb Phrase} Note: Consider this expression adverbial.

Meaning: “the most VERB PHRASE” or “definitely VERB PHRASE” or “to the end VERB PHRASE” Note: This expression is used as a superlative, and in that vein it is more like “of all time” than “the most.” Just keep in mind when using superlatives that it is not superlative in the “#1 out of X” kind of way. It’s more like when you tell someone “You’re the best!”

Example: “Hotaru no Haka wa akumade mo kanashii eiga da to omou.” “I think ‘Grave of the Fireflies’ is the saddest film.”

460. 案の定 (an no jou): 

Parsing: [an- noun] [no- attributive copula] [jou- noun] [Inflexional Phrase] Note: This expression is adverbial.

Meaning: “Sure enough, INFLEXIONAL PHRASE” or “Just as one thought, INFLEXIONAL PHRASE”

Example: “An no jou, Mario Ropesu wa onna da yo.” “Sure enough, Mario Lopez is a woman.”

Vocabulary

901. 制度 (せいど) — (noun) system, institution (1235)

902. 買い物 (かいもの) — (noun) shopping (1236)

903. チーム — (noun) team (1237)

904. 登場 (とうじょう) — (noun) entry, appearing (1238)

905. 期間 (きかん) — (noun) period, term, interval (1239)

906. 金額 (きんがく) — (noun) amount of money (1240)

907. 塩 (しお) — (noun) salt (1241)

908. 奥 (おく) — (noun) inner part, back; bottom (1242)

909. 九 (きゅう) — (noun-number) (1243)

910. まだまだ — (adverb) still, still more (1244)

911. 習う (ならう) — (verb) to take lessons, to be taught, to learn (1245)

912. 番組 (がんぐみ) — (noun) show, program (1246)

913. 一時 (いちじ) — (noun-adverb) at one time, temporary, for a while (1247)

914. ケース — (noun) case (1248)

915. 傾向 (けいこう) — (noun) tendency, trend, inclination (1249)

916. 日々 (ひび) — (adverb) every day, daily; days (1250)

917. 拡大 (かくだい) — (noun) enlargement, expansion (1251)

918. レベル — (noun) level (1252)

919. よろしく — (adverb) well, properly, best regards (1253)

920. 疑問 (ぎもん) — (noun) question, problem, doubt (1254)

Kanji

676. 墓  

Grave  —  ぼ  —  はか  

677. 増  

Increase  —  ぞう  —  ま(す)・ ふ(える)  

678. 夢  

Dream  —  む  —  ゆめ  

679. 妻  

Wife  —  さい  —  つま  

680. 婦  

Lady  —  ふ  —  N/A  

681. 容  

Contain  —  よう  —  N/A  

682. 寄  

Approach  —  き  —  よ(る)  

683. 富 

Abundant  —  ふ  —  とみ  

684. 導  

Guide  —  どう  —  みちび(く)  

685. 居  

Reside  —  きょ  —  い(る)  

686. 属  

Belong  —  ぞく  —  N/A  

687. 布  

Linen  —  ふ  —  ぬの  

688. 師  

Expert  —  し  —  N/A  

689. 常  

Normal  —  じょう  —  つね  

690. 幹  

Tree (trunk)  —  かん  —  みき  

헐 - (something surprising or shocking) 대박! - Awesome! 배째! - Sue me!  행쇼 - Lets be happy 당근이지 - You bet  가뿐해 - I feel good  왜 사니? - What’s on your mind?  낚였어 / 낚았지? - You got me/ I got you, didn’t I? 너도 내 입장이 되어봐 - Put yourself in my shoes 이 짓이 지겨워 죽겠어 - This sucks 야, 친구 좋다는 게 뭐야? - What are friends for? 오해 하지 마세요 - Don’t get me wrong 니 맘대로 하세요 - Suit yourself 아직 옛날 실력 안 죽었어 - I’ve still got it 이 엄살쟁이 - You big baby 내 모든 걸 걸었어 - I put everything into it 강심장이군 - His heart is made out of stone 오늘은 내가 쏜다 - Today, it’s on me 맞장구 좀 쳐 주라 - Back me up  당당하게 살아라 - Stand tall 네가 보고싶어 죽겠어 - I’m dying to see you 혈통 문제로군 - It runs in the family

A&R

On this website you can read Grimms’ fairy tales in 18 different languages! (English, German, Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Russian, Polish, Dutch, Danish, Romanian, Finnish, Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Turkish and Hungarian)

Particles come after the part of speech they’re indicating. Some of them (such as 은/는 or 이/가 or 의) are dropped when speaking in 반말, but they must be used when speaking in 존댓말.

은/는 – indicates the subject (who is doing the verb, what/who specifically are you talking about). Can also be used for comparison or emphasis.

오늘은 날씨가 아주 좋네요. – The weather’s so nice today. (compared to recent/other days)

을/를 – indicates the direct object (what is being acted upon).

난 아까 김밥을 먹었어요. – Earlier I ate kimbap.

이/가 – indicates the topic (clarifies the who/which/what). *Used in negative sentences!

커피가 좋은데 난 마시면 머리가 좀 아파요. – Coffee is nice/good but if I drink it my head hurts. 저는 미국 사람이 아니라 캐나다 사람이야. – I’m not American, I’m Canadian.

도 – ‘also,’ ‘even though.’ Can also be used for emphasis.

난 대학생이에요. 오빠도 대학생이죠. – I’m a college student. You’re also a college student, right? 아직도 안 시작했어? – You still haven’t started? 매워도, 엄청 맛있네. – Even though it’s spicy it’s really delicious.

께서 – honorific topic; can replace 은/는/이/가.

김사장님께서 일찍 도착하셨어요. – President Kim arrived early.

에 – at/to (time or place); per (time).

학교에 가야 되지. – I have to go to school. 오후 3시에 집으로 돌아갈게. – I’ll return home at 3pm. 이 약을 하루에 2번 먹어요. – Take this medicine twice a day.

에서 – at (where the action happens); from.

미국에서 왔어. – I came from America. 인천공항에서 만나자. – Let’s meet at Incheon Airport.

부터 – from (time or place).

이비행기는 부산부터 제주도까지 가고 있어요. – This plane is going from Busan to Jeju Island. 오후 4시부터 공부했어. – I’ve been studying since 4pm. 그 학생은 나를 처음부터 싫어했어요. – That student hated me from the beginning.

까지 – all the way up to (time or place).

삶이 힘들어도 끝까지 보기 마세요. – Even though life is hard, don’t give up until the end. 머리부터 발끝까지 예뻐. – You’re pretty from head to toe. 4시까지 기다릴게. – I’ll wait until 4pm.

의 – possession. my, her, his, etc. *저 + 의 = 제,  나 + 의 = 내

그 학생의 가방은 멋있지. – That student’s bag is awesome. 오바마께서는 미국의 대통령이잖아요. – You know that Obama is America’s president.

들 – plural.

여러분들 (everyone), 학생들 (students), 그들 (them), 애들 (kids)

만 – only (usually replaces 을/를).

어제 공부만 했어. – Yesterday all I did was study. 난 아침에 우유만 마셔요. – In the morning I only drink milk.

하고 / (이)랑 / 와/과 – and/with. (*와/과 is formal and mostly used in writing, (이)랑 is more informal and mostly used in speaking, 하고 is just used to link nouns together in a short list.)

저는 다음 주에 친구와 해변으로 갈 겁니다. – Next week I’m going to the beach with my friend. 엄마랑 셀카를 찍었어. – I took a selfie with mom. 김치하고 고추장을 넣어야지. – I have to add kimchi and red pepper paste.

(으)로 – by means of; in the direction of; asking for a favor.

인터넷으로 찾는 중이에요. – I’m looking on the internet. 산으로 갑시다. – Let’s go to the mountain. 그건 영어로 말해도 돼요? – May I say that in English? 창가 자리로 예약해 주실 수 있어요? – Can you reserve a window seat for me?

에게 / 한테 / 께 – to. (*에게 is polite, 한테 is more conversational, 께 is very respectful)

아버지는 언니한테 돈을 줬어. – Dad gave my sister money. 선생님에게 다 이야기해요. – I tell everything to the teacher.

에게서 / 한테서 / (으)로부터 – from. (*에게서 is polite, 한테서 is more conversational)

오늘은 내 생일인데 남자친구한테서 꽃다발을 받았어. – Today is my birthday and I got a bouquet from my boyfriend. 선생님에게서 많이 배웠어요. – I learned a lot from my teacher.

(이)나 – gives the impression of “good enough.” Replaces 이/가 or 을/를.

Hiroshi Yoshida (吉田博) (1876–1950, Japan)

Mountains

Exclamations in Korean~

Exclamations help us express a range of subtleties from surprise to curiosity! Today let’s learn some of these exclamatory phrases in Korean!~

*remember to try and sound out each word before peeking at the romanization!~

헐! (heol!) what! Omg! 헉! (heok!) OMG 아싸! (ah ssa!) yes!! 대박! (dae bak!) awesome! 우와! (oo wa!) wowww!!! 참! (cham!) by the way! 아! (ah!) ouch! or by the way! 어? (eo?) huh? 네? (nae?) yes? 진짜?! (jin jja?!) for real?! seriously?! 그래요? (geu rae yo?) is that so? really?

어케/어떠케(어떻게)  how?

이케/이러케(이렇게)  like this

열공(열심히 공부해)  study hard!

고고싱  go!go!

날라리  player(for men)

그랬음/ 그랬으면(그랬으면 좋겠다)  If only that were the case

그렇길(그렇길 바래요)  I hope so

그니까(그러니까)  lit. so

암것도(아무것도)  nothing

암것도 안함(아무것도 안한다)  not doing anything

여친/남친(여자 친구/ 남자 친구)  girlfriend/ boyfriend

먄(미안/ 미안해)  Sorry!

너두 말놔(너도 말 놓아)  you can lower your words, too

게으름뱅이  lazybones

잠꾸러기  sleepyhead

멍청/바보  stupid/fool/idiot

고집쟁이  stubborn/ hard-headed

욕심쟁이  a hog/ greedy person

몸치  person who can’t dance