I mentioned this in the notes, but you can actually see some of the chemises/shifts they're wearing in HOTD! Mostly in what the younger Rhaenyra and Alicent wear at the start of the season, and they've got some lovely details.
Episode 1, a sheer, chiffon weave, with lovely embroidered cuffs. (note that soon after this Alicent is required to wear far more adult clothing that's cut in a way to show off skin rather than a chemise.)
Also in episode 1, Rhaenyra's tourney dress has a silk chemise with gold embroidered cuffs, and an elaborate collar.
Episode 4 - I'm not sure if this is linen or silk, but it's a fine, light weave, with long showy sleeves with lace edging, and you can also see it peeking through the sewn-on dress sleeves at the shoulder.
And then in episode 6, Helaena also wears a visible chemise, which I think may be embroidered with bugs? It's some kind of design at least. Note that Baela and Rhaena also have dresses with visible chemises in this episode, but I haven't been able to get an HD view of them.
It's interesting that the costuming that has visible shifts only appears to be for young girls. I suppose it may be to emphasize their youth and innocence?
@anakinsadwalker: re your question about smallclothes, GRRM actually does mean underwear, briefs or panties and such! I have a post on it here, they're based on the historical braies, which look like this for men:
And possibly like this for women:
Though considering that sometimes cloths are inserted into smallclothes for menstruation, it's very possible that ladies' smallclothes may look like this archeological discovery from the 1400s, like panties tied at the side,
or another form of panties like you can see here.
And note in ASOIAF, smallclothes (both the bottom layers and shifts) are usually linen, sometimes woolen for warmth. Poor garments are roughspun, coarse. Very fine smallclothes for noble women are silk, especially for wedding dress underthings. Hope that helps!
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