Donât assume malice. Assume ignorance. Life is easier, the world is kinder, and you can educate. Actual malice is pretty rare, I find.Â
Always remember Hanlonâs RazorââNever assume malice when incompetence will suffice as an explanation.â
Thatâs said, never forget Fred Clarkâs Law, either: âSufficiently advanced incompetence is indistinguishable from malice.â Thereâs a certain point at which ignorance becomes maliceâat which there is simply no way to become that ignorant except deliberately and maliciously.




















