#writingtwo

I finally uploaded my final essays from my Critical Thinking class last semester. The first 3 essays are combined and rearranged for my 4th essay. The topic was controversial technology today and i chose to focus on computers, cellphones and tablets. 

“Technology is a body of knowledge devoted to creating tools, processing actions and extracting of  materials.” (Karehka) There has always been a need for faster processing, less errors, and mobility in the workplace. The introduction of computers, cellphones and tablets helped to meet those needs, however these devices have also created undesirable side effects. These devices can help us accomplish so much in a short period of time, yet we abuse them. Technology took the world by storm though these three stand out most and were so innovative that no one cared to think about the effects these devices would have on our everyday lives. Imagine being an accountant 50 years ago, when everything was done long hand. Today, we can process vast amounts of numbers and other information easily thanks to technology, though it still creates controversy. Computers, cellphones, and tablets have changed how many professionals conduct themselves in the workplace. If utilized properly, technology can lead to a much more productive work environment, but if not, they can be an employee’s and a business’ own downfall. This paper will discuss the historical causes and effects of technology in the workplace and the ideal solution to certain main technological problems, and the controversies they created. Everything has a cause and effect. A cause is a need that has to be met and the effect is the outcome of the new idea after it’s put into action. Technology is a prime example of this. For instance, I interviewed with my friend John for this paper. He informed me he needed a new cellphone with better cellular signal so he could get in touch with his boss in case of an emergency while working. A few weeks ago, he met that need by joining Sprint and getting the new iPhone. John now has better cellular signal at work and can use his phone in case of an emergency, but he can now access Facebook, Twitter and Instagram anytime he wants which, in effect, causes him to get distracted and fall off task. (Hill) There were needs for faster processing, less errors, and mobility in the workplace; the introduction of computers, cellphones and tablet met those needs though also creating undesirable side effects. The biggest technological invention was the computer. Before computers, large sums of numbers where figured out by hand or using an abacus. The computer was first developed to be a high speed calculating machine, which allowed for a huge step forward in scientific research. Computers were designed to meet a need for a faster processor. It took about a decade for the computer to be utilized and exploited for business purposes. (Browne) Though computers were initially created to help with scientific research, they have become a big part of business and improved how tasks are accomplished. We have become so dependent on technology, it’s difficult to imagine how such tasks were completed before the invention of the computer. Today, computers are widely used in the process of graphic designing. According to an online article, What Is Graphic Design, “Graphic design, is the art and practice of planning and projecting ideas and experiences with visual and textual content.” (Cezzar) Savio, a colleague of mine, has a job where he is constantly using his computer for graphic designing. He is the Store Designer and Visual Merchandise Manager for Sugarfina, a luxury candy boutique. With graphic design programs such as Adobe Creative Cloud, Savio is able to design all the Sugarfina boutiques on his computer and then email his plans to contractors who are then able to build his vision. The need for mobility led to the creation of the laptop which paved the way for the transition from bulky computers to mobile workstations. Savio has to travel all over the country and Canada for his job and must be able to access his blueprints via his laptop from anywhere at any time. Mobility is so important in today’s job market that it has become an essential requirement for someone seeking a new job. However, with all pros come cons. Computers and laptops have changed the way many professionals complete a task. A wide range of professionals ranging from carpenters to doctors, use computers and they have become a vital tool in everyday task execution. Though computers help with so much, they also have caused many problems. According to another online article, “Technology demands attention. The time saving advantages are often outweighed by the constant distractions.” (Markovich) With the internet, video chatting and so much information at our finger tips, how could we not get distracted? At work, it is easy for our minds to wonder off after working on something tedious. With the amount of information accessible on our work computers and laptops, why would our minds not wonder off and think about what’s happening on social media? Sometimes checking out of work and checking social media can help clear the mind, but if done regularly it can cause a problem. With most daily job duties requiring a computer or laptop now, it is up to us to show self-discipline to stay focused on tasks at hand. Though computers and laptops were the first of many technological bomb shells that changed the way tasks get completed we must not let them deter us from getting our job done effectively, efficiently while staying accountable. Another technological bomb shell was the cellphone, which quickly evolved into the smart phone. The first stage of the cell phone was known as a car phone because it was too big to carry around and remained in the car. Later in the 80’s, the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x arrived on the market which was truly considered to be the first mobile phone. (Ray) Today we can do so much more than just talk on our cellphones. With constant access to the internet, we can check our bank accounts, place a Starbucks order, and even order an Uber with a simple tap. They have changed the world and the way we do business. In the U.S. alone, there are more than 100 million iPhones in use. Field agents for many companies have a great need for iPhones or other cell phones in their line of work because they travel so much. Being on the road all the time really makes it difficult to know what’s going on at other places or even what needs to be done. Cell phones have really helped with the communication process. One company for example is CN Utility Consulting, a company contracted out by Edison to control vegetation around power lines in Southern California. Most of CN Utilities’s employees work in various parts of SoCal and each have grids that they maintain. This keeps them on the road and out of the office on a regular basis. These employees are given tablets, cars and iPhones to help maintain their grids. Since they are all traveling and on different schedules, conference calls are held weekly to discuss safety concerns and discuss important issues as a team. Field agents had a vital need for a device that allows for better communication when out in the field and the cellphone met that need. Cell phones have greatly accommodated mobility more than laptops, and like the laptops, they also have come with some undesirable side effects. The convenience with cell phones is that they are mobile and so much is accessible from almost anywhere. This also happens to be a disadvantage because they can easily become such a distraction. “Cell phones for the most part are no longer productivity tools in business, but rather a major distraction. The promise that they would increase employee productivity has died, but the addiction remains.” (Moltz) So many people are addicted to updating Facebook status, checking twitter feeds and liking pictures on Instagram that devices and what social media unlocks is taking precedence before something that could be more empowering. Going back to my discussion with John, he told me that he previously read a lot in his spare time at work and now, with better cellular signal, he's not reading as much. (Hill) Being a distraction is a huge negative effect with cellphones. Cellphones have become such a vital piece of everyday life but, like laptop computers, they can end up controlling us if they are not properly utilized. Last but not least is the tablet. Tablets were created to fill the need of a device bigger than a cellphone though smaller than a computer. Though tablets have been in circulation since the 80’s, they didn't really take off until the introduction of the iPad in 2010. From the Linus write top tablet in 1987 to 2016’s unveiling of the iPad Pro, tablets have become quite innovative and in some professions, a key tool in everyday tasks. The top features of a tablet is their portability and how diverse the software applications are. Portability and mobility are very crucial in today’s job market. The tablet opened a whole new vista of opportunities because of its size and capability. Today, sales reps in particular have really utilized the power of tablets. For example, before tablets, most sales reps had to either write down orders longhand and make sure they were delivered to the office, or carry around a bulky laptop bag all day visiting their accounts. Now, most companies have switched their reps to tablets and with a few swipes and taps, their orders are placed and sent to the office.  With most companies switching from computers to tablets in various departments, other forms of distractions were created which ended up hurting employee work ethic. Tablets have again changed the way we do business just as computers and cell phones have. Today, all three devices of technology are key factors in the way orders are placed, prescriptions are filled and so much more. Even though these devices have enhanced the way that we compete tasks, they have also deterred us from really being able to stay focused.   Like anything else, there’s a downside to using and relying on technology. Uses  of computers, cellphones and tablets, at any age, can leave one prone to the unfortunate side effect of loss of interpersonal communication skills. From the article, The Disadvantages of Technology in the Workplace, “interpersonal communications, critical to building business relationships, are more complicated and require courtesies and listening skills not necessary in social media. Too much reliance on electronic methods of communication not only can increase unnecessary traffic [distractions], but can decrease vital personal interaction.” (Nestor-Harper) Today we are taught to communicate through a device instead of face-to-face, personal communication. Even though our future is progressing rapidly in the digital age, face-to-face communication is still very important. Face-to-face communication is more effective and has certain advantages such as nonverbal cues, touch, and the ability to read body language. Since interpersonal skills are diminishing, we need to make sure the foundation to hold a decent conversation is instilled in future generations. Family dinner is an example of a great platform to build communication skills. During this time, all members of the family should be required to interact with one another including discussing problems and events of their daily lives while leaving devices away from the table. This instills a value, that you can’t always hide behind a device and also helps with building interpersonal skills early on in life. Even though we use technology and media for just about everything now, the simple ability to communicate with out a device is timeless. The purpose of innovative technology is to create more effective and stream lined methods to complete tasks so more can get accomplished during business hours. While technology has certainly helped with the completion of tasks, it has also causes a side effect of laziness. Employees feel that they can slack off and then rely on technology to get the task done when it comes down to crunch time. According to Karehka Ramey, a journalist, “Simple tasks like calculating sales and tracking inventory are being done with computers, so you will find that employees do not put their brains at work, they can’t solve high-end business problems because a computer or software will do it with no challenge.” (Karehka) This is an example of how technology has transformed that way we do business, but there is more to just using a device. No one really thinks about additional costs when buying a new computer, cell phone, or tablet. A new device can be quite costly, and people think it just stops at checkout. That simply is not the case. Additional costs include upkeep, insurance and protection costs over the lifetime of the device. If you plan on replacing your device often, there is no need to invest in the additional costs; though if you want your device to last, you will have to invest in keeping the device(s) maintained and protected. Insurance should always be bought for higher end devices, not to mention accessories needed for daily use. “Many small businesses can not afford the cost of hiring a full-time technical person, so they resort to monthly tech contractors who charge them for work done. If business technology tools like computers are not well maintained, their performance will decrease and the process of buying new computers or any other business technology can even be more expensive.” (Karehka) Keeping these devices maintained and is just another thing for an employer to worry about. Not only do you have to worry about the upkeep of a device but you also have to factor in how fast technology is upgrading and how rapidly systems and software are progressing. With these constant upgrades, employees have to take time to learn what’s new, which can take away from valuable work related hours. “Technology is constantly being improved, which requires constant and costly upgrading. Each upgrade requires employee training, taking time away from production. The loss of productivity, combined with costs of software and implementation can reduce overall profitability. Each upgrade may also lower morale as employees struggle to learn new applications and to meet new performance standards.” (Nestor-Harper) Anything that takes away from productivity hours is not desirable. This also affects the age group that companies look for during the hiring process because companies want employees who can keep up with the technological times. The hiring of post undergraduate students and millennials reached an all-time high.This ended up creating another big controversial issue surrounding technology. With the hiring process discriminating against older generations, the age discrimination act of 1967 was added to the equal employment act of 1965. This meant that employees would not be discriminated against or terminated because of age, race, sexual orientation, gender, creed or religion. This gives all of those entering a new workplace an equal chance in the hiring process. Security is a very big factor in technology, not to mention a major downfall.  There are vast amounts of personal information on our devices and sometimes we fail to think twice about it. From passwords stored in our notes to personal information we entrust to companies, technology and security need to always work together. For example, Kim Kardashian was robbed at gunpoint in her Paris apartment because she posted a video on Snapchat of herself alone at 2am while showing off her 4.5-million-dollar ring. If Kim was more careful with her presentation on social media and more vigilant about her security, the robbery could of been avoided. It may not be convenient to worry about security and privacy while keeping up with technological trends, but for your own personal safety, it is an important factor to consider. Everyone is prone to distractions and, unfortunately, technology is the biggest distraction of them all. With apps, websites and ways of concealing what you're doing on devices, procrastinating tasks and distracting yourself to make time pass is easier than ever. According to The Huffington Post, “Gloria Mark, a professor who studies digital distraction at the University of California, Irvine told the Journal that between digital and human factors, there’s typically only three minutes of consistent focus before an employee gets interrupted (or self-interrupts). Mark pointed to studies that have shown it might be 23 minutes before a worker gets back to whatever task he was completing before the interruption occurred.” (Bindley) “In addition to costing employees time, distractions cost companies money. A survey released in 2011 found that businesses might lose more than $10 million a year — or more than $10,000 per employee — thanks to distractions and poorly designed technology, Fox News reported at the time. Of the 515 people who took the survey, 45 percent reported working interruption-free for 15 minutes at a time, or less. And for 53 percent of respondents, at least an hour a day was taken up by various interruptions.” (Bindley) These studies prove that employees are getting distracted and the sad thing is we've all done it and will continue to do it. Giant corporations have implemented all these technological innovations to speed up the working process but these studies also show that more needs to be done. The internet, in particular, is quite an amazing resource but also a huge distraction. According to a contributor to Business News Daily, “Although the internet is essential for many of today's workers, having that access can still be a double-edged sword.” (Jennifer) The internet holds vast amounts of information and can be accessed so easily that it has made dictionaries, encyclopedias and how-to books basically obsolete. though we don't utilize it properly. The internet can be a giant distraction, but in most professional environments there are firewalls in place so non-work related sites can’t be accessed. This creates a whole new set of problems and controversies that are explained later in this essay. Conflicts about devices at work and access to the internet during business hours can be avoided if employees utilize their time properly and practice self-control. It’s not going to be easy, and will take time. Even the boss enjoys the ability to check social media. We are all affected by and have to use technology today, whether we like it or not. Millennials’, and future generations to come need to learn self-control when it comes to being distracted by devices. Learning the self-restraint to stay on task is crucial now more than ever. It’s a necessary lesson that needs to be learned if we want to master technology and not let it master us. This is vital, must be understood, taught and reinforced or moving forward in workplace innovation, competency and interactive communication will become things of the past. We can work to resolve this issue together.

Technology has innovated the workplace endlessly and created a whole new era of how work can be accomplished. With tasks efficacy climbing, we have to remain focused on the tasks at hand and not get distracted by the internet or social media sites like Facebook or Snapchat. With technology comes responsibility. Upkeep, maintaining devices and keeping security and privacy up to par is important. Don't let technology control you. Technology is our present and future but if we don't find the proper balance it will be our downfall. Computers, cellphones, and tablets have changed how many professionals conduct themselves in the workplace and if utilized properly, they can really lead to a much more productive work environment. The biggest controversy about technology is that it’s a great resource used to complete tasks, communicate effectively, and even nurture creativity. However, there is also the distraction aspect. The modern world has a constant need a faster processor, higher efficiency, and mobility in the workplace. Computers, cellphones and tablets meet those needs. Discussed earlier in this paper, is technology is mastering us or are we mastering it? Think about all the technological innovations over the years and how much has changed. Technology has catapulted us into the future while also creating some not so desirable side effects. From the loss of interpersonal communication skills and laziness to the high associated costs, technology is not all it’s cracked up to be. With technology comes responsibility and includes the way you manage your time and the upkeep of the device. To master technology the users must know when it’s time to get serious. These three devices all have had a cause and effect in the workplace and the world. Computers met the need for a faster processor; cellphones the need for better communication; and tablets the need for better mobility. Each was designed and allocated to meet specific needs, though close to obliterating interpersonal skills and costing a lot to maintain.  Today, companies thrive on these and many other devices but they are also hurting them from the inside out. From the distraction caused by social media to additional training on the devices, some would say it just makes things more complicated. Others would argue that checking social media is a nice mental break before returning to work. There has been so much controversy shrouding technology, though not as much as the controversial discussions surrounding technology and certain devices placed in the workplace. Computers, laptops, cellphones and tablets became so innovative in business and so many other professional fields that CEO's and managers just ran with the growing trends. Computers provide fastest processing, cellphones are great for communication and tablets are simply the best for portability and mobility. Are the effects seen such as growing distractions and more time training really worth it? These effects and the fact that the devices were implemented so forcefully has caused a lot of tension. Companies are competing for better performance numbers than their competition really pushed for the advantages technology provided and now we're stuck in the technological era whether we like it or not. Yes, we needed such implementation for better performance in workplace but now some companies want to pull back on technological advances because they realized it's ultimately hurting their profit margins. Pulling back on devices at work and implementing "parental controls," just created a whole new window of tension. I will elaborate on the controversy surrounding these "parental controls," Later in this paper.  We must be the ones to master technology, not vice versa. Technology is on the rise. CEO’s, sole proprietors, and managers have been trying to figure out how to keep employees on task and motivated while using technology during business hours. Thanks to monitoring software such Web Watcher, designed to track key strokes, save messages and monitor location, keeping an employee on task is easier today but has also creating some controversy. Once the needs were met by computers, cellphones and tablets in the workplace, a new need arose. The need to monitor what an employee is doing during business hours and on company issued devices has become crucial. According to an article online and few other sources;           “Electronic monitoring is defined as "the computerized collection, storage, analysis, and reporting of information about employees' productive activities" (Office of Technology Assessment, 1987, p. 27). "Currently, as many as 26 million workers in the United States are monitored in their jobs, and this number will increase as computers are used more and more within companies" (DeTienne, 1993, p. 33). Of those monitored, 10 million have their work evaluated and pay based on the data collected (DeTienne, 1993) (Mishra) With electronic monitoring in place, mangers hope that their employees will think twice before getting off task. There are many different types of programs and systems available for online monitoring, including Web Watcher and Inter Guard. These programs track virtually everything including keystrokes, location, web history, messages, and more. These programs are downloaded onto company issued devices or personal devices that are used for work related matters. Systems that monitor devices are always running in the background of a device which encrypts the data, sending it to the one who implemented the program for review. Created to build a more focused work environment, electronic monitoring programs are still the best form of attack. Even though digital monitoring programs are on the rise and put in place by so many major companies, there remain some controversial issues shrouding them. Some companies issue devices to employees while others allow an employee to use their own devices.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            While employees prefer to use their own devices, there remains an issue with installing the monitoring and management programs on their non-company devices. The reason being that if the device is lost, all work related data can be erased, though this erases all data on the phone and not just the work related information. These programs not only allow an employer to view an employee’s messages, web history and keystrokes, business and personal, employers can fully access devices, remotely, without the knowledge of the employee. (Sweeny) Devices, both personal and business, have been erased without the user’s knowledge due to human resource departments resulting in precious, irretrievable data being lost. These programs are used in a variety of ways to monitor an employee and is surrounded by controversies because of gray areas in the law. These programs are put into place so CEO’s and managers know that they are getting the best of their employees during business hours. Web Watcher and Inter Guard can let an employer track how long breaks are lasting, how often the restroom is used, words and error per minute and how jobs are completed per day. These programs will allow an employer to view messages sent and how much time is spent online or off task. Employers want to know that employees are maximizing time and keeping focused on work related items during business hours. Unfortunately, being Big Brother is what is needed to keep employees on task.  Many employees will argue that checking social media, messaging a loved one or reading a blog while at work is a nice mental break during business hours. This helps to keep motivated and serves as a refresher to finish the day out strong. Though employers want to keep employees motivated, they prefer other methods to build up office motivation. An employee who gets too used to checking Facebook or updating Twitter while at work can really slack on showing high performance and that is the last thing that an employer wants. Electronic monitoring systems are a must in today technological day and age. Unless on break, ultimately company time is company time and employees are paid to remain on task, not to send personal messages or update personal social media. Companies should install monitoring programs if they are the ones issuing the device but should not install monitoring software on their employee’s personal devices. If companies provide devices for an employee, the gray area is eliminated. All devices are monitored and are for work purposes only. Using personal devices for work purposes is convenient but it also complicates a work relationship with an employer. There should always be checks and balances in place to make sure employees and employers are utilizing business hours effectively. Work is a place of seriousness, responsibility and duty. Employees should remember that and stay faithful to the task they're being paid to complete. Even though all employees may feel like they've hit a wall and would like a refresher while working, that is not an excuse to violate the proper place or time to misuse technology. Devices such as computers, cellphones and tablets should be used for work during business hours and personal during non-business hours. So many employees want to muddy up how technology is used during business hours and it’s created so much controversy and mistrust in the workplace. Though a lot of tension can be created when Big Brother is watching, like Inter Guard in today’s work environment, it is a must to keep all those employed accountable. Technology has revolutionized the workplace but we need to question how helpful it has actually been. Some would argue that the pros outweigh the cons, but many would argue for the other side. For all companies and small businesses, it all comes down to the bottom line and how much of a profit is being made. Though some employees misuse computers, cellphones and tablets, many do not and strictly use them for work purposes. If all employees utilized technology properly, we would have a much more productive work environment. Employees of this technological era need to know what it's time to knuckle down and get to work. Though these three devices met many needs vital to propel the workplace and the world into the 21st century, they have also created some undesirable consequences. From loss of interpersonal skills to additional training needed, companies and many small businesses are trying very hard to find the proper solutions surrounding the problems with technology without creating additional controversies. These solutions included implementing electronic monitoring programs, only hiring those who are technology savvy plus a few more. Many employees feel that programs like Inter Guard violate an employee’s privacy and the Equal Employment act later fought against discrimination to employees of older generations. Technology, especially computers, cellphones and tablets, are constant changing. While they are innovative, they are always creating new issues while tackling a few issues along the way. Whether we like it or not, technology is our future and we must learn how to use it responsibly. If we do not, it will be our downfall. Don’t let technology control you!

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Mishra, Jitendra M. ; Crampton, Suzanne M. “EMPLOYEE MONITORING: PRIVACY IN THE WORKPLACE?” University of Mississippi, Society for Advancement of Management, 20 Nov. 2016, faculty.bus.olemiss.edu/breithel/final backup of bus620 summer 2000 from mba server/frankie_gulledge/employee_workplace_monitoring employee_monitoring_privacy in he workplace.htm

Moltz, Barry. “7 Ways Cell Phones Are Destroying Your Business Productivity.” American Express, 15 Apr. 2013, https://www.americanexpress.com/us/small-business/openforum/articles/7-ways-cell-phones-destroying-business-productivity/.

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Ramey, Karehka. "THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORKPLACE." Use of Technology. N.p., 25 Feb. 2013. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.

"The Importance of Face-to-Face Communication." Ashton College. N.p., 21 Nov. 2013. Web. 3 Oct. 2016.

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Sweeny, Glynis. “5 Ways Corporate HR Departments Monitor Your Movements — Even When You’Re Not Working.” Salon, 16 Nov. 2016, www.salon.com/2015/07/21/hr_departments_partner/.

“Web Watcher.” Web Watcher, Awareness Technologies, computer-monitoring.webwatcher.com/?gclid=Cj0KEQiA08rBBRDUn4qproqwzYMBEiQAqpznswOugMBLWRE7b5jV6CSzad6sjPhNkxgV8okjBnywlR0aApR_8P8HAQ.

Imagine being an accountant 50 years ago, when everything was done long hand. Today we can process vast amounts of numbers with easy and yet we still misuse the power. Technology is our present and future we just have to find a balance of how we use it. Computers, cellphones, and tablets have changed how many professionals conduct themselves in the workplace, however, these devices have also created quite a few distractions and controversies along the way. If utilized properly, they can really lead to a much more productive work environment. The biggest controversy about technology is that it’s a great resource used to complete tasks, communicate, and even nurture creativity. However, there is also the distraction aspect. The modern world has a constant need a faster processor, higher efficiency, and mobility in the workplace. Computers, cellphones and tablets meet those needs. In my first essay I question if technology is mastering us or if we’re mastering it. “Technology is a body of knowledge devoted to creating tools, processing actions and extracting of  materials;” (Karehka) Think about all the technological innovations over the years and how much has changed. Technology has catapulted us into the future while also creating some not so desirable side effects. From the loss of interpersonal communication skills and laziness to the high associated costs, as discussed in essay #1, technology is not all it’s cracked up to be. With technology comes responsibility and includes the way you manage your time and the upkeep of the device. To master technology the users must know when it’s time to get serious. In my second essay, I elaborated on the negative effects of technology, targeting computers, cellphones and tablets, oh my! These three devices all have had a cause and effect in the workplace and the world. Computers met the need for a faster processor; cellphones the need for better communication; and tablets the need for better mobility. Each was designed and allocated to meet specific needs. Today, companies thrive on these and many other devices but they are also hurting them from the inside out. From the distraction caused by social media to additional training on the devices, some would say it just makes thing more complicated. Others would argue that checking social media is a nice mental break before returning to work. In this essay, I will discuss the solution mangers have put in place to keep employees on task as well as the controversies these solutions have caused. Technology is on the rise. CEO’s, sole proprietors, and managers have been trying to figure out how to keep employees on task and motivated while using technology during business hours. Thanks to monitoring software such Web Watcher, designed to track key strokes, save messages and monitor location; keeping an employee on task is easier today but has also creating some controversy. Once the needs were met by computers, cellphones and tablets in the workplace, a new need arose. The need to monitor what an employees was doing during business hours and on company issued devices was crucial. According to an article online and few other sources;           “Electronic monitoring is defined as "the computerized collection, storage, analysis, and reporting of information about employees' productive activities" (Office of Technology Assessment, 1987, p. 27). "Currently, as many as 26 million workers in the United States are monitored in their jobs, and this number will increase as computers are used more and more within companies" (DeTienne, 1993, p. 33). Of those monitored, 10 million have their work evaluated and pay based on the data collected (DeTienne, 1993) (Mishra) With electronic monitoring in place, mangers hope that their employees will think twice before getting off task. There are many different types of programs and systems available, including Web Watcher and Inter Guard. These programs track virtually everything including keystrokes, location, web history, messages, and more. These programs are downloaded onto company issued devices or personal devices that are used for work related matters. Systems that monitor devices are always running in the background of a device which encrypts the data sending it to the one who implemented the program to be reviewed. Created to build a more focused work environment, electronic monitoring programs are still the best form of attack. Even though digital monitoring programs are on the rise and put in place by so many major companies, there remain some controversial issues shrouding them. Some companies issue devices to employees while others allow an employee to use their own devices.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            While employees prefer to use their own devices, there remains an issue with installing the monitoring and management programs on their non company devices. The reason being that if the device is lost, all work related data can be erased, though this erases all data on the phone not just work related. These programs not only allow an employer to view an employee’s messages, web history and keystrokes, business and personal, employers can fully access devices, remotely, without the knowledge of the employee. (Sweeny) Devices both personal and business have been erased without the users knowledge due to human resource departments and precious, irretrievable data has been lost. These programs are used in a verity of ways to monitor an employee and is surrounded by controversies because of gray areas in the law. These programs are put into place so CEO’s and mangers know they're getting the best of their employees during business hours. Web Watcher and Inter Guard can let an employer track how long of brakes are taken, how often the bathroom is used, words and error per minute and how jobs completed per day. These programs will allow an employer to view messages sent and how much time is spent online or off task. Employers want to know that during business hours employees are maximizing time and keeping focused on world related items. Being Big Brother unfortunately it is what is needed in most cases to keep employs on task.  Many employees will argue that checking social media, messaging a loved one or reading a blog while at work is a nice mental break during business hours to keep motivated also being a refresher to finish the day out strong.Though employers want to keep employees motivated they prefer other methods to build up office motivation. An employee who gets to use to checking Facebook or updating twitter while at work can really slack on showing high performance and that the last thing an employer wants.  Technology has created to much access to way to many portals that its incredibly easy to let your mind wonder while at work which is why it is important for employees to stay focused and serious while working. There are many different views and opinions on these matters.             Some will agree and some won't but electronic monitoring systems are a must in today technological day and age. Unless you’re on break, ultimately company time is company time and employee is paid to remain on task, not send personal messages or update personal social media. Companies should install monitoring programs if it they’re the one issuing the device but should not instal monitoring software on their employee's personal devices. Companies should provide devices for an employee then there isn't any gray area, all devices are monitored and for work purposes only. Using personal devices for work purposes is convenient but it also complicates a work relationship with an employer. There should always be checks and balances in place to make sure employees and employers are utilizing business hours. A job is a place of seriousness, reusability and duty, employees should remember that and stay faithful to the task they're being paid to compete. Even though all employees feel, at some point, like they've hit a wall and would like a refresher while working that is not the proper place or time to misuse technology. Devices such as computers, cellphones and tablets should be used for work during business hours and personal during non business hours. So many employees want too muddy up how technology is used while working it has created so much controversy and mistrust in the workplace. Though a lot of tension can be created when Big Brother is watching, like Inter Guard in todays work environment it is a must to keep all those employed accountable.

Bibliography Browne, Clayton. “How Have Computers Changed the Workplace?” Our Everyday Life, Demand Media, INC, http://oureverydaylife.com/computers-changed-workplace-2197.html.

“InterGuard.” InterGuard, employee-monitoring.interguardsoftware.com/?utm_source=GOOGLE&utm_medium=PPC&cid=70150000000oheb&keyword=+computer +monitoring&placement=&gclid=Cj0KEQiA08rBBRDUn4qproqwzYMBEiQAqpznswMYZWW8xgz_vGWdUNRA6FB2cH4cGsWY8igk5WybWPcaArtY8P8HAQ.  

Markovich, Miki. “Negative Effects of Computers in the Workplace.” Small Business , Studio D, http://smallbusiness.chron.com/negative-effects-computers-workplace-22023.html.

Mishra, Jitendra M. ; Crampton, Suzanne M. “EMPLOYEE MONITORING: PRIVACY IN THE WORKPLACE?” University of Mississippi, Society for Advancement of Management, 20 Nov. 2016, faculty.bus.olemiss.edu/breithel/final backup of bus620 summer 2000 from mba server/frankie_gulledge/employee_workplace_monitoring employee_monitoring_privacy in he workplace.htm

Post, Jennifer. “Managing Tech Use At Work Is All About Balance.” Business News Daily, Purch, 30 Sept. 2016, http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/7161-distracting-technology.html.

Sweeny, Glynis. “5 Ways Corporate HR Departments Monitor Your Movements — Even When You’Re Not Working.” Salon, 16 Nov. 2016, www.salon.com/2015/07/21/hr_departments_partner/.

“Web Watcher.” Web Watcher, Awareness Technologies, computer-monitoring.webwatcher.com/?gclid=Cj0KEQiA08rBBRDUn4qproqwzYMBEiQAqpznswOugMBLWRE7b5jV6CSzad6sjPhNkxgV8okjBnywlR0aApR_8P8HAQ.

Everything has a cause and effect. A cause is a need that has to be met and the effect is the outcome of the new idea after it’s put into action. For instance I talked with my friend John about this paper and he informed me he needed a new cellphone with better cellular signal so he could get in touch with his boss in case of an emergency while working. A few weeks ago he met that need by joining Sprint and getting the new iPhone. John now has better cellular signal at work, and can use his phone in case of an emergency but he can now access Facebook, Twitter and Instagram anytime he wants which in effect causes him to get distracted and off task. (Hill) There were needs for faster processing, less error, and mobility in the workplace; the introduction of computers, cellphones and tablet met those needs though also having some undesirable side effects. These 3 devices took the world by storm and became so innovative that no one cared about the effects these devices would have because they made life so much easier. This essay will elaborate on a few needs in the workplace that these devises met, then discuss the effects they had. The biggest technological invention, was the computer. Before computers large sums of numbers where figured out by hand or using an abacus. The computer was first developed to be a high speed calculating machine, this taking a huge step forward for scientific research. Computers were designed to meet a need for a faster processor. It took about a decade for the computer top be utilized and exploited for business purposes. (Browne) Computers have become a big part of everyone's daily routines and how tasks are accomplished that it’s hard to think about what life was like before. Today one task in particular computers are used for immensely is graphic deigning. According to an online article What Is Graphic Design, “Graphic design, is the art and practice of planning and projecting ideas and experiences with visual and textual content.” (Cezzar) Savio, a colleague of mine has a job where he is constantly using his computer for graphic designing. He is the Store Designer and Visual Merchandise Manager for  Sugarfina, a luxury candy boutique. With graphic design programs such as Adobe Creative Cloud, Savio is able to design all the Sugarfina boutiques on his computer, then email his plans to contractors who are then able to build his vision. A need for mobility led to the creation of the laptop then the transition from computers to laptops was eminent. Savio has to travel all over the country and Canada for his job and must be able to access his blue prints via his laptop from anywhere at anytime, and now this he can do. Mobility is so important in todays job market that its become a key essential for some seeking a new job, though with all pros come cons. Computers and laptops have changed the way many professionals complete a task. From carpenters to doctors computers have become a vital tool in everyday task execution. Though computers help with so much they also have caused many problems. According to another online article I read, “Technology demands attention. The time saving advantages are often outweighed by the constant distractions.” (Markovich) With the internet, video chatting and so much information at our finger tips, how could we not get distracted. At work it is easy for our minds to wonder off after working on something tedious. With so much accessible now on our work computers and laptops why would our minds not wonder off and think about what’s happening on social media. Sometimes checking out of work and checking social media can help clear the mind but if done regularly it can cause a problem. With most daily job duties requiring a computer or laptop now, it is up to us to show self discipline to stay focused on tasks at hand. Though computers and laptops were the first of many technological bomb shells that changed the way tasks get completed we must not let them deter us from getting our job done effectively and efficiently. Another technological bomb shell was the cellphone, now known as the smart phone. The first stage of the cell phone was known as a carphone because it was to big to cary around and remained in the car. Later in the 80’s the the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x arrived on the market, truly the first mobile phone. (Ray)  Today we can do so much more then just talk on our cellphones. With intent access and so much more they have changed the world and the way we do business; in the U.S. alone there are more then a 100 million iPhones in use. Field agents for many companies have great a need for iPhones or other cell phones in their line of work because they travel so much. Being on the road all the time really makes it difficult to know whats going on other places or even what needs to be done. Cell phones have really helped with the communication process. One company for example is CN Utility Consulting, a company contracted out by Edison to control vegetation around power lines in Southern California. Most of CN Utilities’s employees work in various parts of SoCal and have grids they have to maintain that keep them on the road and out of the office. These employees are given tablets, cars and iPhones so they can maintain their grids. Since they are all traveling and on different schedules, conference calls are help weekly to discuss safety concerns and discuss important issues as a team. Field agents had a great need for a device that bettered communication when out in the field and the cellphone met that need. Cell phones have greatly accommodated mobility more then laptops, and like with laptops they also have some not so desirable negative effects. The nice thing about cell phones is that they are mobile and so much is accessible from almost anywhere. This also being the downside to cell phones because it can become such a distraction. “Cell phones for the most part are no longer productivity tools in business, but rather a major distraction. The promise that they would increase employee productivity has died, but the addiction remains.” (Moltz) So many are addicted to updating Facebook status, checking twitter feeds and liking pictures on Instagram that devices and what social media unlocks is taking precedence before something that could be more empowering. Going back to my discussion with John, he told me he previously read a lot in his spare time at work and now with better cellular signal he says he's not reading as much.(Hill) Being a distraction is a huge negative effect of cellphones. Cellphones have become such a vital piece of everyday life but like laptop computers and this next device if not utilized properly they're controlling us. Last but not least the tablet. Tablets were created to fill the need of a device bigger then a cellphone though smaller then a computer. Though tablets have been in circulation since the 80’s tablets didn't really take off until the introduction of the iPad in 2010. From the Linus write top tablet in 1987 to 2016’s unveiling of the iPad Pro, tablets have become quite innovative and in some professions a key tool in every day tasks. The number one feature of a tablet is how portable they are and second how diverse the software and programs created for them are. Portability and mobility are very crucial in todays job market. The tablet opened a whole new vista of opportunities because of its size and capability. Today sales reps in particular have really utilized the power of tablets. For example before tablets most sales reps had to either write down orders longhand and make sure they were delivered to the office, or carry around a bulky laptop bag all day visiting their accounts. Now most companies have switched their reps to tablets and with a few swipes and taps their orders are placed and sent to the office.  With most companies switching from computers to tablets in various departments this has caused other forms of distractions, hurting employee’s work ethic. Having a new device introduced in the workplace means that employees have to be trained in new software and protocols and most training sessions take place during normal business hours which takes away from valuable hours when employees could be completing daily duties. Another training session just gives employees more opportunity to get distracted, flustered and another worry. To much technology can be a very bad thing. Tablets have again changed the way we do business as with computers and cell phones. Today all three devices of technology are key factors in the way orders are placed, prescriptions are filled and so much more. Even though these devices have enhanced in some ways the completion of tasks they have really deterred us from really being able to stay focused.                 There has been so much controversy shrouding technology. Though not as much as the controversial discussions surrounding technology and certain devices placed in the workplace. Computers, laptops, cellphones and tablets became so innovative in business and so many other professional fields CEO's and managers just ran with the growing trends. Computers provide fastest processing, cellphones are great for communication and tablets are simply the best for portability and mobility but are the effects seen such as growing distractions and more time training really worth it? These effects and the fact that the devices were implemented so forcefully has caused a lot of tension. Companies completing for better performance numbers then their competition really pushed for the advantages technology provided and now we're stuck in the technological era whether we like it or not. Yes we needed such implementation for better performance in workplace but now some companies want to pull back on technological advances because they realized it's ultimately hurting their profit margins. Pulling back on devices at work and implementing "parents controls," just created a whole new window of tension. I will elaborate on the controversy surrounding these "parental controls," in my next paper.  We must be the ones to master technology, not vise versa.

Bibliography Browne, Clayton. “How Have Computers Changed the Workplace?” Our Everyday Life, Demand Media, INC, http://oureverydaylife.com/computers-changed-workplace-2197.html.

Cezzar, Juliette. “What Is Graphic Design?” AIGA, Adobe, 15 Aug. 2015, http://www.aiga.org/guide-whatisgraphicdesign.

Hill, John. “Cellphones and How They Have Effected the Workplace.” 1 Nov. 2016.

Markovich, Miki. “Negative Effects of Computers in the Workplace.” Small Business , Studio D, http://smallbusiness.chron.com/negative-effects-computers-workplace-22023.html.

Moltz, Barry. “7 Ways Cell Phones Are Destroying Your Business Productivity.” American Express, 15 Apr. 2013, https://www.americanexpress.com/us/small-business/openforum/articles/7-ways-cell-phones-destroying-business-productivity/.

Post, Jennifer. “Managing Tech Use At Work Is All About Balance.” Business News Daily, Purch, 30 Sept. 2016, http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/7161-distracting-technology.html.

Ray, Amanda. "The History and Evolution of Cell Phones." Art Institutes. N.p., 22 Jan. 2015. Web. 31 Oct. 2016.

“Technology is a body of knowledge devoted to creating tools, processing actions and extracting of  materials;” (Karehka) think about all the technological innovations over the years. Technology can help us accomplish so much, yet we still abuse it. If utilized properly technology in the workplace can be an amazing thing but if not,  it can be an employees own undoing. Though the upside to technology is all the information is unlocks, the downside is it can be a giant distraction. In this paper I will discuss the disadvantages to using technology at work and how it has been misused. The biggest argument about technology is it’ß∂s a great recourse used to complete tasks, communicate and nurture creativity, but of course with advantages there are disadvantages. 

Like anything else, there’s a downside to using and relying on technology. I’m going to focus on the main issues with technology that affects all ages.  Everyone is prone to the unfortunate side effect of loss on interpersonal communication. From the article, The Disadvantages of Technology in the Workplace, “interpersonal communications, critical to building business relationships, are more complicated and require courtesies and listening skills not necessary in social media. Too much reliance on electronic methods of communication not only can increase unnecessary traffic, but can decrease vital personal interaction.” (Mary) Even though our future is progressing rapidly in the digital age, face to face communication is still very important. “In today’s digital age the importance of face-to-face communication is fading as one can go almost an entire day without actually interacting with people…. While it is impossible to deny the importance of these platforms and the way that they have revolutionized communication, it is important to balance these online interactions with face-to-face communication.” (The) Face to face communication has certain advantages, such as  nonverbal cues, effectiveness and touch. Since interpersonal skills are diminishing, we need to make sure the foundation to hold a decent conversation is instilled in future generations.  “As Walter Isaacson argues in his book The Innovators, even in technology—maybe especially in technology—the ability to collaborate effectively is decisive.  In order to innovate, it’s not enough to just come up with big ideas, you also need to work hard to communicate them clearly.” (Greg) Even though we use technology and media for just about everything now, the simple ability of face to face communication is timeless. Another big disadvantage is laziness, the purpose of such innovation was to create a more effective and stream line methods to complete tasks so more could get accomplished during business hours. While technology has certainly helped with the completion of tasks it has also had a side effect, laziness. Employees feel they can slack off then rely on technology to get the task done when it comes down to crunch time. According to Karehka Ramey a journalist,  “Simple tasks like calculating sales and tracking inventory are being done with computers, so you will find that employees do not put their brains at work, they can’t solve high-end business problems because a computer or software will do it with no challenge.” (Karehka) No one really thinks about additional costs while buying a new computer, cell phone, or table. A new device can be quite costly and people think it just stops at checkout but that isn't the case, there is upkeep, insurance and protection costs that are involved. If you plan on replacing your device often, by all means, don't put any money into the additional costs; though if you want your device to last you will have to put money into keeping the device(s) maintained and protected. Insurance should always be bought for higher end devises, not to mention accessories needed just for daily use. “Many small businesses can not afford the cost of hiring a full-time technical person, so they resort to monthly tech contractors who charge them for work done. If business technology tools like computers are not well maintained, their performance will decrease and the process of buying new computers or any other business technology can even be more expensive.” (Karehka) Not only do you have to worry about the upkeep of a device but you also have to factor in how fast technology is upgrading and how rapidly systems  and software are progressing. With these constant upgrades employees have to take time to learn whats new, which takes away from valuable work related hours. “Technology is constantly being improved, which requires constant and costly upgrading. Each upgrade requires employee training, taking time away from production. The loss of productivity combined with costs of software and implementation can reduce overall profitability. Each upgrade may also lower morale as employees struggle to learn new applications and to meet new performance standards.” (Mary) This also effects the age group with companies look for during the hiring process because companies want employees who can keep up with the technological times. Security is a very big factor in technology, not to mention a pretty big downfall.  There is vast amounts of personal information on our devices and sometimes we don't think twice about it. From passwords stored in our notes to personal information we entrust to companies, technology and security need to always work together. For example Kim Kardashian was robbed at gunpoint in her Paris apartment because she posted a video on Snapchat of herself alone at 2am, while showing off her 4.5 million dollar ring; or all the fraudulent multi million dollar companies that scammed or misrepresented their customers.  You may not want to think about security and privacy while keeping up with technological trends but for your own personal safety you must. Everyone is prone to distractions and unfortunately technology is the biggest distraction of them all. With so many apps, websites and ways of concealing what you're doing on devises, procrastinating tasks and distracting yourself to make time pass is easier then ever. According to the Huffington post, “Gloria Mark, a professor who studies digital distraction at the University of California, Irvine told the Journal that between digital and human factors, there’s typically only three minutes of consistent focus before an employee gets interrupted (or self-interrupts). Mark pointed to studies that have shown it might be 23 minutes before a worker gets back to whatever task he was completing before the interruption occurred.” (Kathrine) That is more time spend being distracted and getting interrupted that time spent on the task on hand, that sad thing is we've all done and we all do it.

“In addition to costing employees time, distractions cost companies money. A survey released in 2011 found that businesses might lose more than $10 million a year — or more than $10,000 per employee — thanks to distractions and poorly designed technology, Fox News reported at the time. Of the 515 people who took the survey, 45 percent reported working interruption-free for 15 minutes at a time, or less. And for 53 percent of respondents, at least an hour a day was taken up by various interruptions.” (Kathrine) The internet in particular is quite an amazing recourse but also a huge distraction. According to a contributor to Business News Daily, “Although the internet is essential for many of today's workers, having that access can still be a double-edged sword.” (Jennifer) Most people have an autopilot website they go to first, even if the home page is suppose top help keep them on task. Unfortunately those autopilot sites usually tend to be sites like Facebook or similar, this makes it easy to get distracted. The internet hold the most information and can be accessed so early it has made dictionary, encyclopedias and how to do it for dummies books basically obsolete, though we don't utilize it properly. The internet can be giant distraction but in most professional environment there are firewalls in place so non-work related sites can’t be accessed. Though this creates a whole new set of problems and controversies. Conflicts about devices at work and access to the whole internet during business hours can be avoided if employees utilized their time properly and show self control. It’s not going to be easy, and will take time even the boss enjoys the ability to check Facebook whenever wherever, trust me. We are all effected by and have to use technology today, wether we like it or not. Millennial’s and future generations to come especially need to learn self control when it comes to being distracted by ones devices. Learning the self restraint to stay on task is crucial now more then ever, it is a necessary lesson that needs to be learned if we want to master technology and not let it master us. This is vital, must be understood, taught and reinforced or moving forward in workplace innovation, competency and interactive communication will become things of the past. We can work to resolve this issue together. Technology has innovated the workplace endlessly and created a whole new era of how work can be accomplished. “A new generation of communications technologies are upon us. They are addressing the new way to work that is permeating workplaces worldwide. It’s what Puskar calls a “dynamic, cultural shift in the marketplace.” They’re making the global workplace exactly what it’s looking for: a joyful, delightful experience.” (Natalie) With tasks efficacy climbing we have remain the focused on the tasks at hand and not get distracted by the internet or social media sites like Facebook or Snapchat. With technology comes responsibility and upkeep, maintaining devices as well as keeping security and privacy up to par is important. Don't let technology control you.

Bibliography

Jennifer Post Business News Daily Contributor “Managing Tech Use At Work Is All About Balance" Business News Daily. Purch, 30 Sept. 2016. Web. 3 Oct. 2016.

Karehka Ramey. "THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORKPLACE." Use of Technology. N.p., 25 Feb. 2013. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.

Kathrine Bindley. "Distractions At Work: Employees Increasingly Losing Focus; Some Companies Combating The Problem." Huffington Post. N.p., 13 Dec. 2012. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.

Natalie Burg. "How Technology Has Changed Workplace Communication." Forbes. N.p., 10 Dec. 2013. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.

Mary Nestor-Harper. "The Disadvantages of Technology in the Workplace." Small Business. StudioD, n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.