Hello everyone! hope you're doing great, and you are learning new things whether it may be in the aspect of your professional and/or personal life.

This is my first blog ever!Anyways...

I am Farhan Shakil Budye - Web developer My interests are learning new stuff everyday (even small things), going on trek, crazy bike lover, big football fan btw...

I am starting a series on getting started with git. I am no expert so kindly feel free to correct me if I’m wrong somewhere. From that I will be able to learn, research and rectify.

Excited to be here!

Enough with the boring stuff now starting off with our main topic "Starting with git”.

What is git?

git is a version controlling tool it is command line tool used for -

i) keeping track of changes while working on code, making copy of the file, syncing the codes altogether etc...

ii) helps take snapshot (not a screenshot) of the code.

There are a lot of other uses for git which you can look online too. As I won’t be going in deep with the use cases assuming all of you might be having some information or might have heard within a group about git as it trending a lot.

Downloading/Setting up git on your local file - Link https://git-scm.com/downloads > Choose your OS > Double click on the setup file > Follow all the necessary steps by clicking "Next".

Voila! After you are done with the 1st step then just for getting it confirmed whether that git has been successfully installed on your machine/laptop. For that you have to just open your command prompt / cmd type git --version if you've followed all the steps correctly then you should be displayed with a message something like this "git version 2.32.0. windows.2". If you have received this message with the version and stuff that means git is successfully installed on your machine/laptop. If not, you will have to repeat step 1 again. P.S. skip the downloading part of course.

Since git is a command line tool you should be aware of few if not each command.

Here is a list of command that I’m going to cover in this blog.

git clone <URL> (URL to be cloned/copied on your local machine/laptop)

git add filename

git commit -m "Message"

git status

git push

git commit -am "Message”

git pull

git log

1. git clone <directory-URL> (directory to be cloned/copied on your local machine/laptop)

This is the very first command that if you want to clone/save a copy of your directory on your machine/laptop.

2. git add <filename> -

i) This command is very important if you want to commit and push any changes that you've made into your file.

ii) This command allows git to understand that this is the file you want to keep track of and monitor this one.

3. git commit -m "Message" -

This git command allows you to commit/save the file with -m "Message" indicating any note you want to mention for you or the other developers to be identified easily.

4. git status

This git command returns with the status of your branch master.

5. git push

This command is very important for pushing/uploading the changes made into your local file to be uploaded on to the git repository.

6. git commit -am "Message”

This git command is used to add a common message to all of your file at a same time just unlike git commit -m "Message" which allows to only add comment to a single file.

7. git pull

This git command allows you to pull and automatically merge the difference between two files. Usually it will merge most of the things but there are certain exceptions for which it won’t automatically merge your local repositories file. For that you will be getting an error or message in your command line tool that there has been a merge conflict in this file.

Note: For situations like the changes that haven't been updated in your local file will be separated by "=========" and you can filter which change you want to keep and merge and which to eliminate.

8. git log

This git command will give you a track record or history with all the commit messages, when it was pushed, by whom it was pushed etc.

Below are some additional useful commands that might be good to know about

echo <filename> (creating a file using command line for Windows users)

touch <filename> (creating a file using command line for Linux, Mac users)

code <filename> (Opening a file in the text editor)

cls (clearing the terminal screen for Windows users)

clear (clearing the terminal screen for Linux, Mac users)

dir (listing/displaying all the files in current directory/folder for Windows users)

ls (listing/displaying all the files in current directory/folder for Linux, Mac users)

cd (clearing the terminal screen for Windows, Linux, Mac users)

Hope you have enjoyed my first blog.

Let me know what you all think of it in the comments below.

Glad to hear feedback or inputs from all.

GIT, a simple command line tool, is a Source Code Management (SCM) system which has the feature of version control system that is an unique characteristic of GIT to manage large project done from different places and by different people.

Features of Git:

Git is both the central and distributed version control system

Nicely controls the different versions of a project work

It is an open source project

Git is used both online and offline

It is fast process to response

Git is small in comparison to SVN

Branching with Git is cheap and Merging is easy

Basic Used Command of GIT:

git init

Initializes the directory for git

Creates a hidden folder

git status

Shows the present status of Git repository

git commit -m "file name"

Commits the staged file to the directory

git add

Add files to stage area to be committed

git remote add origin [email protected]:masummist/repo_name.git

Add origin directory to remote address

git push -u origin master

Push files to origin after modifications

git pull origin master

Pulls files from remote place to local

git diff HEAD

Shows the difference from last commit to the pointer at HEAD

git diff HEAD^

Shows the difference from parent commit to the pointer at HEAD

git diff HEAD^^

Shows the difference from last 2 commits to the pointer at HEAD

git diff HEAD^..HEAD

Shows the difference between parent commit to the pointer at HEAD

git diff HEAD~5

Shows the difference from last 5 commit to the pointer at HEAD

git diff master bird

Shows the difference between the branches of master area

git diff --staged

Shows the difference between the staged files

git reset <directory>

Resets the changes to the commit

git checkout -b <file_name/branch_name>

Create a branch and make it editable

git branch file_name

Creates branch at the directory

git merge branch_name

Merges the branch to the master

git branch -d branch_name

Must delete the branch from local directory

git clone "file directory"

Clones the file from the remote directory to the local

git commit -am "file_name"

Automatically commits the all changes of the file

git remote show origin

Shows the remote origin details/link

git rm

Removes the files and stages the all changes of removal

git tag

Shows the all tags or versions

git tag -a v.0.0.3 -m "version 0.0.3"

Adds the version created new

git push --tags

Pushes all the tags/versions

git remote -v

Shows the remote origins and the directories/links

git log

Shows the history of that repository

git log --until=1.minute.ago

Shows the history from 1 minute ago

git log --since=1.day.ago

Shows the history from 1 day ago

git log --since=1.month.ago

Shows the history from 1 month ago

git log --until=2.weeks.ago

Show the history from 2 weeks ago

git log --since=2012.10.10 --until=2012.10.12

This shows the history of a certain time

git config --global user.name "name"

Configure the user name globally

git config --global user.email "email_ID"

Configure the user email ID globally

git config user.name "name"

Configure the user name locally

git config user.email "email_ID"

Configure the user email ID locally

git rebase

Moves all the changes, all the commits to the temporary area for working temporarily

git reset --hard HEAD^

Undo last commit and all changes

git reset --soft HEAD^

Undo last commit

git commit --amend -m "New Msg"

Changes the last commit

git push -u origin master

pushing files, origin=remote repository name, master=local branch to push

Sources: