In his publication “Transtigridian Snake Gods”, Franz Wiggermann discusses the similar traits and roles of various gods that he categorizes as Transtigridian, or having residency outside of southern Sumer proper. In the god list An-Anum, these five gods follow Ereshkigal, denoting them as Chthonic gods, and each had some association with snakes. A little more about each below:
Ninazu (Right): I have drawn him before. Patron god of Eshnunna and Enegi, he also was a warrior god, and has some connections to vegetation, such as in his role in “How Grain Came to Sumer”. He is associated with Ereshkigal as a son or husband. (Though sometimes he is the son of Enlil and Ninlil) My design of him has horned viper pointed scales (and he’s also trans, there isn’t a basis for this in the myths I just thought it was cool)
Tishpak (Center Left): Replaced Ninazu in Eshnunna, also a warrior god. His connection to the underworld is not as solid as his predecessor. He could have had snakelike green skin, possibly snake feet(?) Here I only drew the skin. A pet green Mushussu is here with him as well. (sometimes he is thought to be sitting or riding on Mushussu on cylinder seals)
Ningishzida (Bottom left corner): Son of Ninazu, also a vegetation god - “Lord of the Good Tree” is the agreed upon meaning of his name. His journey to the underworld each year would cause greenery to die. I enjoy that in iconography he has snake shoulders, in my version of him the snakes just do whatever he does.
Ishtaran (Behind the trees on the right) He was a god of justice, and a dying and returning god like Ninazu and Ningishzida. Patron of the city of Der. Not much of him pictured here, because I couldn’t decide if I wanted his lower body to be serpentine so I hid it behind the trees. He has the mythical serpent Nirah curled around him, Nirah is his messenger (and also his son in at least one source).
Inshushinak (Behind the trees, left): The “Lord of Susa” was possibly an underworld judge who received the dead. According to the Wiggermann article, not much about his character is known. There is a theory that based on An-Anum, he and Ishtaran were sons of Tishpak, but my interpretation does not have a familial connection between them. My version of him is a friendly guy but nobody really knows what his deal is. Also he has a prosthetic gold hand.
Sorry for those who can also be included in this category that I didn’t draw… Ninmada… Boat god… I don’t have designs for you yet…
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1. Tishpak, a Mesopotamian war god. He was the patron god of the city of Eshnunna and was associated with snakes, and with the serpentine monsters Mushussu and Bashmu.
2. Tyche, ancient Greek goddess of fortune. Her symbols were a rudder and cornucopia, and she was said to bestow both good and bad fates upon mortals.
3. Xipe-Totec, Aztec god of agriculture. It was said that he cyclically had his skin flayed off in order to bring harvest to the earth, thus he was given ritual human sacrifices of flayed skin.
Tishpak was an Akkadian warrior god. He had scales and wielded two maces. He also had the monster Bashmu as his sukkal (divine helper), and rode the dragon Mushussu.