#ta seti

Various biological anthropological studies have shown close, biological affinities between the predynastic southern, Egyptian and the early Nubian populations

Frank Yurco (1996) remarked that depictions of pharaonic iconography such as the royal crowns, Horus falcons and victory scenes were concentrated in the Upper EgyptianNaqada culture and A-Group Lower Nubia. He further elaborated that "Egyptian writing arose in Naqadan Upper Egypt and A-Group Lower Nubia, and not in the Delta cultures, where the direct Western Asian contact was made, [which] further vitiates the Mesopotamian-influence argument"

In 2023, Christopher Ehret reported that the existing archaeological, linguistic, biological anthropological and genetic evidence had determined the founding populations of Ancient Egyptian areas such as Naqada and El-Badari to be the descendants of longtime inhabitants in Northeastern Africa which included Egypt, Nubia and the northern Horn of Africa.

The artifacts, including hundreds of fragments of pottery, jewelry, stone vessels, and ceremonial objects such as incense burners, were initially recovered from the Qustul cemetery by Keith C. Seele, a professor at the University of Chicago. The cemetery, which contained 33 tombs that were heavily plundered in ancient times, was on the Nile near the modern boundary between Egypt and the Sudan.

The significance of the artifacts, which had been in storage at the university's Oriental Institute, was not fully appreciated until last year, when Brace Williams, a research associate, began to study them.

“Keith Seele had suspected the tombs were special, perhaps even royal,” Dr. Williams said in an interview. “It was obvious from the quantity and quality of the painted pottery and the jewelry that we were dealing with wealthy people. But it was the picture on a stone incense burner that indicated we really had the tomb of a king.”

On the incense burner, which was broken and had to be pieced together, was a depiction of a palace facade, a crowned king sitting on a throne in a boat, a royal standard before the king and, hovering above the king, the falcon god Horus. Most of the images are ones commonly associated with kingship in later Egyptian traditions.

Evidence of the oldest recognizable monarctiy in human history, preceding the rise of the earliest Egyptian kings by several generations, has been discovered in artifacts from ancient Nubia in Africa.

Until now it had been assumed that at that time the ancient Nubian culture, which existed in what is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt, had not advanced beyond a collection of scattered tribal clans and chiefdoms.

The existence of rule by kings indicates a more advanced form of political organization in which many chiefdoms are united under a more powerful and wealthier ruler.

The Kingdom of Kush in the Sudan was known for its horses, which were a symbol of power, status, and Kushite culture: 

Horse burialsThe ceremonial burial of a horse in Tombos around 949 BC is an example of the horse's significance in Kushite culture. The horse was buried in an older tomb with tack and ornamentation, foreshadowing later royal horse burials. 

Horse iconographyHorse iconography was used in state policy, conquest, and worship to visually represent the horse as a symbol of Kushite culture. 

Assyrian recordsAssyrian records frequently mention Kushite horses, suggesting that Kush was the original breeding ground for horses. 

Royal attentionThe Victory Stela of King Piy mentions the royal attention to horses. 

Kushite king PiankhiWhen Kushite king Piankhi put down a rebellion in northern Egypt, he was enraged that his horses had been mistreated. 

The Kush civilization was also known for its extensive trade routes, conquering Egypt during the twenty-fifth dynasty, and having an active influence of Egyptian culture. 

Adut Akech was born in Sudan (in an area that later became part of South Sudan), but was raised in Kakuma, Kenya. Akech was born on Christmas Day, on the way to Kenya. She was 7 years old when she moved from Kenya along with her mother to Adelaide, Australia as South Sudanese refugees seeking asylum. They also had relatives there. Akech has five siblings.

 Akech was known as "Mary", her Christian second name in Adelaide, as Australian teachers found it difficult to pronounce her name.

Be proud of African names, and stop falling into the trap of saying all African names are hard to pronounce. Like European names are easy

Although the Nubians were renowned for their skill and precision as archers - the ancient Egyptians referred to Nubia as "Ta-Seti" or "The Land of the Bow", but they were considered fierce and formidable warriors in all other aspects of warfare too. In addition to archery, they were skilled in other martial arts like boxing, wrestling, and stick fighting. Nubian armies used a variety of weapons including swords, bows, and arrows. The Nubians fought numerous battles against the ancient Egyptians, at times even conquering and ruling over parts of Egypt. In the 8th century BC, Nubian archers fought back against Muslim invaders also. One famous Nubian military leader was Queen Amanirenas, who led a surprise attack against the Romans in the 1st century BC. Her forces captured several Roman cities and defaced statues of Emperor Augustus, prompting a Roman invasion of Nubia. After years of fighting, Amanirenas negotiated a favorable peace treaty with the Romans.

Overall, the Nubians were renowned throughout history for their martial prowess, especially their mastery of archery, which made them formidable adversaries and valuable allies in ancient conflicts.

Repost from @roots.galleria

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The Luo-speaking peoples include the following sub-groups:

Shilluk/ Ochollo - South Sudan / Ethiopia

Anuang'/ Anywaa - Ethiopia / South Sudan

Maban - South Sudan / Chad

Thuri / Shatt - South Sudan

Blanda Bor - South Sudan

Funj - South Sudan

Pari - South Sudan

Bari - South Sudan

Jumjum - South Sudan

Joluo / Jur Chol - South Sudan

Acholi - Uganda / South Sudan

Kumam - Uganda

Chope - Uganda

Tooro - Uganda

Lang'i - Uganda

Jonam - Uganda

Jo-Padhola - Uganda

Alur - Uganda / DRC / Cameroon

Suba Luo - Kenya

Joluo - Kenya / Tanzania

The Luo are a Nilotic-speaking group, who are believed to have originated from Sudan, and are now settled around the Lake Victoria basin in Kenya and Tanzania. Other Luo groups are found in Uganda, Congo, Ethiopia and Sudan.

The Luo are descended from migrants who moved into western Kenya from Uganda between the 15th and 20th centuries in four waves. These migrants were closely related to Luo peoples found in Uganda, especially the Acholi and Padhola people. As they moved into Kenya and Tanzania, they underwent significant genetic and cultural admixture as they encountered other communities long established in the region.