ERP ABCs: Back to Basics - Glossary of Terms
Open Source: Of or relating to a product/software that is licensed to permit modiï¬cations in and redistribution of its source code.
Payroll Management: In ERP it helps process employeesâ salaries based on time, attendance and other data, calculation of taxes, and generation of periodic pay checks, and tax reports.
Product Data Management (PDM): In ERP, it is used during product design to store and retrieve data to ensure information consistency throughout the life cycle of a product. It typically handles information, such as geometric models, CAD drawings, and images, as well as documents and engineering BoM, and supports approval processes and engineering change management.
Product Lifecycle Management (PLM): An ERP module that controls critical product information that must be shared with other enterprise systems, such as ERP, CRM, and SCM. PLM systems need to leverage information managed in other enterprise systems. This bi-directional connection between PLM and other systems is critical to enable a seamless ï¬ow of information among different functional groups involved in product development, particularly engineering and manufacturing.
Project Management: An ERP module most widely used by service-sector companies where a majority of operations are carried out in the form of projects. ERP Project Management systems enable project managers to effectively manage their projects with less effort. They provide managers with control and visibility throughout the project life cycle, including project planning, budgeting, forecasting costs and revenues, managing issues and change requests, tracking project status, and project performance. This module also has a central repository that maintains and categorizes all the project related ï¬les and documents and allows them to be accessed in a timely fashion.
Sarbanes-Oxley: A U.S. law intended to reinforce top management responsibilities in terms of internal audit and information circulation, including public information. It emphasizes data protection and information ï¬ow control. It requires stricter rules in computer and data security.
Shop Floor Control: Methods and systems used to prioritize, track and report against production orders and schedules. It includes the procedures used to evaluate current resource status, and update labor, machine hour and other associated information required to support planning, scheduling and costing systems.
Software as a Service (SaaS): A software delivery model in which a software ï¬rm provides daily technical operation, maintenance and support for an application provided to its clients. The application runs on the vendorâs servers and customers use it via Web browsers.
Supplier Relationship Management (SRM): A tool for strategic planning and central management of a companyâs relationships with its suppliers. The aim is to closely bind all suppliers to the company and support purchasing throughout the procurement processes. SRM systems help companies realize sustainable savings by centralizing and streamlining a number of business processes, including procure-to-pay, catalog management, centralized sourcing, contract management and supplier evaluation.
Supply Chain Management (SCM): Of all the ERP modules, SCM has the greatest variability among vendors. It is vast and varied, yet can often adapt to the needs of speciï¬c industries. According to Lawson Software, SCM improves the ï¬ow of materials through an organizationâs supply chain by âmanaging planning, scheduling, and procurement; fulï¬lling optimum service levels; and achieving maximum proï¬tability.â SCM features also tend to include production scheduling, demand management, distribution management, inventory management, warehouse management, procurement, and order management.Time and Billing: In ERP, the tracking and correlation of time spent on a particular customer and the hourly rate charged that customer. This functionality is useful for companies where time and expenses are tracked in detail and billed to speciï¬c customers, such as legal, engineering or accounting ï¬rm.














