Red Pumpkin Toadlet (Brachycephalus pitanga), family Brachycephalidae, endemic to Atlantic Rainforest in Sao Paolo State, SE Brazil

Comparison with termites and rhinocerous beetle (Enema sp.)

Poisonous.

As with other Brachycephalus sp., they lay a few eggs in moist terrestrial locations, and the young live as tadpoles in the eggs, and then hatch out as froglets.

Adults reach a max. snout vent length of up to 14 mm (0.55 in).

They are actually unable to hear their own advertisement calls, as their ears are underdeveloped.

They also do not hop, but instead slowly crawl across the forest floor.

Red pumpkin toadlet (Brachycephalus Pitanga)

Brachycephalus pitanga, the red pumpkin toadlet, is a small and brightly coloured species of anuran in the family Brachycephalidae. It is endemic to Atlantic rainforests in São Paulo state of southeastern Brazil

A new species of Saddleback Toad - Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephali­dae) from Serra do Tabuleiro, Southern Brazil

Sarah Mângia, Diego José Santana, Leandro de Oliveira Drummond, Leandro Talione Sabagh, Luiz Ugioni, Paulo Nogueira Costa, Milena Wachlevski

The number of described species of Brachycephalus has rapidly increased in the last decade (n = 22, which represents 56% of the total). Species of the genus Brachycephalus are mostly distributed in isolated mountaintops from Bahia (northeastern Brazil) to Santa Catarina states (southern Brazil), each one occupying only one or a few adjacent mountaintops. Herein, we described a new species of Brachycephalus of the B. pernix group, from Serra do Tabuleiro in Santa Catarina state, which also represents the southernmost known species...

Read the paper here:

Red Pumpkin Toadlet (Brachycephalus pitanga), family Brachycephalidae, endemic to Atlantic Rainforest in Sao Paolo State, SE Brazil

Poisonous.

As with other Brachycephalus sp., they lay a few eggs in moist terrestrial locations, and the young live as tadpoles in the eggs, and then hatch out as froglets.

Adults reach a max. snout vent length of up to 14 mm (0.55 in).

They are actually unable to hear their own advertisement calls, as their ears are underdeveloped.

They also do not hop, but instead slowly crawl across the forest floor.

Spix's Saddleback Toad aka Pumpkin Toadlet (Brachycephalus ephippium), family Brachycephalidae, endemic to Atlantic Rainforest in SE Brazil

Poisonous.

This is the most common of the Saddleback Toads, Brachycephalus spp.

As with other Brachycephalus, they lay a few eggs in moist terrestrial locations, and the young live as tadpoles in the eggs, and then hatch out as froglets.

Adults reach a max. snout vent length of up to 19.7 mm (0.78 in).

Spix’s Saddleback Toad aka Pumpkin Toadlet (Brachycephalus ephippium), family Brachycephalidae, endemic to Atlantic Rainforest in SE Brazil

Poisonous.

This is the most common of the Saddleback Toads,  Brachycephalus spp.

As with other Brachycephalus, they lay a few eggs in moist terrestrial locations, and the young live as tadpoles in the eggs, and then hatch out as froglets.

Adults reach a max. snout vent length of up to 19.7 mm (0.78 in).

They are actually unable to hear their own advertisement calls, as their ears are underdeveloped.

They also do not hop, but instead slowly crawl across the forest floor.

photograph by Norton Santos

Rotenberg's Pumpkin Toadlet (Brachycephalus rotenbergae), family Brachcephalidae, Atlantic coastal Brazil

Poisonous.

Recently described (2021)

This is a tiny toad with a max. length (SVL) of up to 1.8 cm.