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HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. It's a system that provides heating and cooling to residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. HVAC systems control the indoor environmental comfort by regulating the temperature, humidity, and air quality.

Here's an overview of the components and functions of an HVAC system:

Heating: Heating systems in HVAC can include furnaces, boilers, heat pumps, and electric heaters. They generate warmth and distribute it throughout the building during colder periods.

Ventilation: Ventilation involves exchanging indoor and outdoor air to maintain good indoor air quality. It removes odors, moisture, and contaminants and introduces fresh air. Ventilation systems often use air ducts, fans, and filters.

Air Conditioning: Air conditioning systems help to cool indoor spaces during hot weather. They include central air conditioning units, split systems, or ductless mini-split systems that regulate temperature and humidity.

Controls and Thermostats: These components regulate the operation of the HVAC system, allowing users to set desired temperatures and control the system's functionality.

Ductwork: Ducts are pathways used to transport air from the HVAC system to various rooms or spaces in a building. Properly designed and maintained ductwork is crucial for efficient air distribution.

Air Filters and Purification: Filters and air purification systems remove dust, pollen, mold, and other particles from the air, improving indoor air quality.