#present subjunctive

Present Subjunctive

From spanishdict.com:  The subjunctive is used to express desires, doubts, the unknown, the abstract, and emotions.

Conjugation:

First, conjugate the verb in the present yo form.

Then, add the proper present subjunctive ending:

For -ar verbs:

yo - e 

tú - es 

él/ella/usted - e 

nosotros - emos 

vosotros - éis 

ellos/ellas/ustedes - en

For -er / -ir verbs:

yo - a 

tú - as 

él/ella/usted - a 

nosotros - amos 

vosotros - áis 

ellos/ellas/ustedes - an

Examples:

(tú) venir - vengas

(nosotros) respirar - respiremos

Remember that if the verb has an irregular yo form (such as venir in the example above), you keep that form when conjugating in the subjunctive! Stem changes also remain the same except in the nosotros and vosotros forms for -ir verbs. In nosotros/vosotros, ue --> u and ie --> i. ex. dormir - durmamos / durmáis , sentir - sintamos, sintáis.

Also remember the spelling changes for verbs ending in -car, -gar, -zar.

-car --> -que

-gar --> gue

-zar --> ce

Ex: (él) almorzar --> almorce

Irregular verbs:

hay --> haya

                                  dar          estar           ir                saber             ser

yo                              dé           esté            vaya           sepa              sea

tú                               des         estés          vayas         sepas             seas

el/ella/usted               dé           esté            vaya          sepa               sea

nosotros                    demos    estemos     vayamos   sepamos        seamos

vosotros                    deis         estéis         vayáis       sepáis            seáis

ellos/ellas/ustedes    den          estén          vayan       sepan             sean

Some expressions always followed by the subjunctive:

Es bueno que... - It’s good that...

Es importante que... - It’s important that...

Es mejor que... - It’s better that...

Es necesario que... - It’s necessary that...

Es malo que... - It’s bad that...

Es urgente que... - It’s urgent that...

Es probable que... - It’s probable that...

Es recomendable que... - It’s recommended that 

Example: Es importante que estudie por la prueba. - It’s important that I/he/she/you study for the quiz.

For more: https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/impersonal-expressions-with-the-subjunctive

Now I will be going into verbs that are commonly followed by the subjunctive but before that it is important to understand in what circumstances you would use the subjunctive.

The subjunctive is used when there is more than one subject in a sentence. For example, “I hope that I can go to the party,” would not use the subjunctive since “I” is the subject of both clauses. If you were to say, “I hope that you can go to the party,” it would use the subjunctive since the subject of the second clause is different from the first.

This first set of verbs are called verbs of “will and influence” meaning you use them when you are hoping to influence the actions of others.

aconsejar - to advise

desear - to wish ; to desire

importar - to be important

insistir (en) - to insist (on)

mandar - to order

necesitar - to need

pedir - to ask (for)

preferir - to prefer

prohibir - to prohibit

querer - to want

recomendar - to recommend

rogar - to beg

sugerir - to suggest

Example: Me importa que ustedes vengan a mi fiesta. - It’s important to me that you guys come to my party.

Expresses a person’s emotions, opinions, desires, or attitude, or undercertainty, or hypothetical thoughts.

There is a main clause and a subordinate clause connected by CHE, the main clause contains the verb that triggers the subjunctive 

Impersonal phrases trigger subjunctive 

E importante lavorare ogni giorni  E importante che io lavori ogni giorni 

To form: Drop the infinitive ending and then add the subjunctive ending.

Add an h between the stem and the ending for verbs ending in -care and -gare

I'm trying to say "Oh, the times and places you'll go" in French.

I'm not sure what to use for the verb tense.

It would probably be translated as "that you will go"

But would it be the future tense and just add "que"

Or would it be the present or imperfect subjunctive?

-es posible que haya ido todos los dias. present perfect subjunctive

-es posible que vaya al practico todos los dias. present subjunctive

-si hubiera pedido su maestra, el habria sabido sobre la pruebita. past perfect subjunctive

http://www.elearnspanishlanguage.com/grammar/verb/presentperfectsubjunctive.html

The present perfect subjunctive, also known as the past or perfect subjunctive, is used when a verb or expression requiring the subjunctive in the main clause is in the present, future, or present perfect. You might notice that the same definition holds true for the regular (present) subjunctive, so what's the difference? The present subjunctive is used when the dependent clause is in the present or future, while the present perfect subjunctive is used when the dependent clause is in the past.

For example, if you want to say "I doubt you'll do it," you'd use the present subjunctive: Dudo que lo hagas. But if you wanted to say "I doubt that you did it," you'd use the present perfect subjunctive: Dudo que lo hayas hecho.