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Polypeptide Melanotan II, also known as MT-2, is a synthetic version of the peptide hormone -melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which is a naturally occurring molecule in your body that is responsible for the creation of skin-darkening pigments known as melanin. It functions by attaching to melanocortin receptors. Melanotan 2 binds to MC-1R to promote skin and hair darkening. It also increases sexual excitement in women and encourages penile erection by tying to the MC-4R.
How does Melanotan II(MT2) Work on our body?
Melanotan II is up to 1000 times more powerful than endogenous -MSH, attaching to melanocortin receptors to various degrees and causing a variety of effects. Melanotan-II (MT2) works by interacting with specific receptors in the body, primarily the melanocortin receptors, to produce its effects. Here is a list of the receptors involved:
MC1R: Melanocytes, which produce pigment in the skin, hair follicles, and eyes, are the primary cells that express MC1R. The activation of MC1R by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (-MSH) promotes melanin production and distribution, resulting in skin and hair pigmentation.
MC2R: It is present mostly in the adrenal glands, specifically in the outer layer known as the adrenal cortex. It is essential for the generation and release of cortisol, a hormone implicated in stress reactions and a variety of metabolic activities.
MC3R: It is found throughout the central nervous system, including sites important in hunger regulation and energy balance, such as the hypothalamus. It is also prevalent in peripheral tissues such as the GI tract and adipose tissue.
MC4R: It is found mostly in the brain, notably in areas linked with hunger control, such as the hypothalamus. It is essential for controlling food intake and energy expenditure. Mutations in the MC4R gene have been linked to inherited forms of obesity.
MC5R: MC5R is found in a variety of tissues, including the skin, hair follicles, immune cells, and exocrine glands. Its precise roles are currently being researched.
It is worth noting that the MC1R is nearly entirely a pigment receptor that is present on cells where pigmentation is known to be significant, such as the eyes. To avoid the sunless tanning characteristics of melanocortins, it would be critical to avoid binding to this receptor. Though MT2 binds to MC1R with less affinity than MT1 or -MSH, it nevertheless binds and causes skin pigmentation.
The MC3R, like the MC4R, is broadly distributed in the central nervous system. These two receptors are expected to be of considerable importance in the future since they are most likely to govern the effects of melanocortin on things like behavior. One of the primary goals of melanotan 2 and other melanocortin research is to understand how these receptors work and how they may be precisely targeted.
