Growing investment in precision medicine, rising antimicrobial resistance, expanding applications in agriculture, and rapid advancements in phage engineering are accelerating the growth of the designer phages market.

The global Designer Phages Market size was valued at USD 1.57 billion in 2024, with an estimation of USD 1.70 billion in 2025 and is predicted to reach USD 2.49 billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 8.0% from 2025-2030.

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Beyond healthcare, designer phages are gaining traction in agriculture and food production as sustainable biological solutions for controlling plant diseases, bacterial contamination, and pest infestations. Their ability to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides and antibiotics aligns with global sustainability initiatives while supporting safer agricultural practices. Growing collaboration between research organizations, pharmaceutical companies, and academic institutions is further expanding commercial opportunities across multiple sectors.

Key Players

• BiomX Ltd. • Micreos • Phaxiam • Locus Biosciences, Inc. • Proteon Pharmaceuticals • Cytophage Technologies Ltd. • Armata Pharmaceuticals, Inc. • SNIPR Biome ApS • PrecisionPhage • MEDEA Biopharma • Eligo Bioscience • Intralytix, Inc. • PhagePro, PBC • Eliava BioPreparations Ltd.

Competitive Landscape

The market is moderately competitive, with biotechnology innovators, pharmaceutical companies, and research organizations focusing on developing next generation phage based therapeutics and biological solutions. Companies are investing in genetic engineering, synthetic biology, and precision phage platforms to improve treatment efficacy while expanding applications across healthcare, agriculture, food safety, and veterinary medicine.

Conclusion

The phage therapy buzz is getting louder, and for a good reason. With a world struggling with mounting antibiotic resistance, the promise of viruses as a means to fight bacterial infections shines like a light at the end of a tunnel. PhageCast's latest episode, featuring Joana Azeredo, delves into Portugal’s recent advances in bringing phage therapy to life, and as a medical microbiologist and phage aficionado, I’m eager to present my thoughts.

A Summary of Key Insights: Portugal’s Phage Approval

Portugal has officially licensed phage therapy for use in a hospital environment. This historical decision, outlined in a new “guiding standard” issued by the regulating agency INFARMED, permits physicians to prescribe phages as magistral preparations (customised treatments). This is a notable advancement, a replica of the successful Belgian model, and holds out hope for patients suffering from drug-resistant infections. Following is an analysis:

How It Works: Phage therapy is available for patients in public hospitals when they have developed antibiotic-resistant infections. First, doctors seek ethical approval, and laboratory testing (phagograms) to identify phages that are active against the patient’s bacterial strain; then, these phages will be produced and administered under the supervision of the hospital.

Increased Interest: The growing need to address antibiotic resistance and increased public awareness prompts doctors in Portugal to be more open toward phage therapy. Hospitals are also adapting by equipping their microbiology laboratories and pharmacies to handle phage preparations.

Challenges Ahead: While the approval is a major win, Portugal still depends on international collaborators in countries like Belgium for phage production. The priority will be to build local production capacity to meet future demand.

Engineered Phages: The episode also barely grazed the exciting potential of engineered phages that may offer broader-spectrum solutions. However, these would have to be licensed through a different regulatory pathway because they fall under the standards applicable to the pharmaceutical industry.

My Take: A Triumph for Personalized Medicine

As someone deeply invested in the future of phage therapy, I found this episode both inspiring and thought-provoking. The approval of phage therapy in Portugal is a testament to the power of collaboration between scientists, doctors, and policymakers. It’s also a reminder of the importance of public engagement — Professor Joana Azeredo shared how a patient’s petition, supported by 8,000 signatures, played a crucial role in pushing this initiative forward.

I see Portugal’s move as a major victory. First, it shows the years that have been invested by phage experts, like Professor Joana Azeredo and her team, to ensure that all of their findings become a tangible reality. The personalized approach, tailoring phage treatment to each patient’s unique infection, resonates strongly with the growing trend of precision medicine. I particularly appreciate the emphasis on quality control, echoing the robust standards established by the Belgian model. This ensures patient safety and builds confidence in phage therapy’s effectiveness. The fact that this framework facilitates non-GMP production for personalized phage therapy is a game-changer. It takes into consideration the peculiarities of personalized medicine and offers a pragmatic way forward. This is crucial for making phage therapy accessible and affordable.

Practical Applications and Future Directions

This development in Portugal has implications far beyond its borders. It shows a tangible example for other countries of how they can integrate phage therapy into their healthcare. Here are some key takeaways:

Advocacy: The success in Portugal highlights the power of patient advocacy and public awareness campaigns in driving policy change. Scientists and clinicians must engage with the public, sharing their research and explaining the benefits of phage therapy in accessible ways.

Collaboration: International collaboration is essential for advancing phage therapy. Sharing expertise, resources, and best practices accelerates progress and ensures quality.

Research: Continued research is crucial to optimize phage therapy protocols, explore engineered phages, and address the challenges of acute infections. We need to understand the long-term effects of phage therapy and develop strategies to prevent phage resistance. Attend the 1st International Symposium on Advancing Phage Therapiotics (Braga, June 16–17). Abstract deadline: February 15

Infrastructure: Investing in phage production facilities and training personnel are essential for scaling up phage therapy and making it widely available.

Conclusion: A New Era for Phage Therapy

The approval of phage therapy by Portugal is a landmark event that marks the beginning of personalized medicine and gives new hope to patients suffering from drug-resistant infections. A testament to scientific innovation, patient advocacy, and collaboration, it is not the end but a new beginning for phage therapy. What specific actions can be taken from this community of phage enthusiasts in support of similar efforts in our respective countries, thereby ensuring that this life-saving therapy reaches the neediest? Let’s continue the conversation and work together to unlock the full potential of phages.