#optoelectronics

OPT4048 - a "tri-stimulus" light sensor 🔴🟢🔵

Rethinking imperfections: How defects are powering brighter perovskite emissions

In materials science, defects are usually seen as problems, unwanted microscopic features that degrade performance, reduce efficiency or shorten the lifespan of devices. But a recent breakthrough published in Advanced Materials is challenging that mindset. The study reveals that a specific structural "flaw" in crystals, known as the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) fault, could be the key to developing brighter and more robust light-emitting materials. The research focuses on perovskites, a class of materials known for their outstanding optoelectronic properties. Used in solar cells, LEDs, lasers, and even quantum technologies, perovskites are valued for their efficient charge transport and light-conversion capabilities. However, like all crystals, they are not flawless. Among their structural irregularities, RP faults—misalignments in atomic layer stacking—have traditionally been viewed as detrimental.

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Light Clockwork

Changes in single cells often have massive knock-on effects – the development of new tissues perhaps, or when problems occur – diseases like cancer. Although working with fragile single cells can be tricky, here's a new way to give them a gentle push in the lab. These cog shaped microbots –each a hundred times smaller than cog in a watch – are surrounded by patterns of turquoise light. Playing with these patterns, and how they interfere with electric fields around the cogs, creates pushing and pulling forces, allowing them to rotate or slide through space – the cogs can even pick up, transport and deliver small particles with some skilful steering from scientists peering down through a microscope. While optoelectronic technology is still developing, microbots are already being used to study how single cells interact, building towards a better understanding of life’s clockwork.

Written by John Ankers

Video from work by Shuailong Zhang and colleagues

Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Video copyright held by original authors; image reproduction permitted by PNAS

Published in PNAS, July 2019