I think the new gTLD program will have many successes. 

It is a failure, however, when to comes serving developing and less developed economies, especially the communities in those economies.  Actually it failed in serving communities anywhere, but it really failed when it came to serving the peoples of the world outside WEOG (the UN designations for the developed Western European nations and Others group; others Including AU, CA US, and NZ).

The first part of the failure was that it cost too much. Estimates are that beyond the exorbitant application fee, the applications cost $1+ Million USD when you take fees, delays, fees, objections, fees, and the community proving grounds (aka The New gTLD Gauntlet called CPE) into account.  The ICANN Board did offer developing economies a discount, but the program was developed too late to be of any use but to a very few. Also it would have only amounted to 10% of the total projected costs of an application, perhaps generous in relation to the ICANN fee but not enabling when considering the full costs.

Another facet of the failure with the program, was the absence of appropriate outreach.  A few speeches in Davos and ads on a few websites do not constitute appropriate outreach to developing economies. Specific outreach was required early on to make sure that the opportunities could be included in long range planning.  The participants at ICANN certainly had years to plan before the fight for new gTLDs.  To call what happened before the new gTLD program launch an "outreach to developing economies," would be delusional, at best.

The third part of the failure was the absence of any effort to build the necessary capacity of prospective applicants from developing economies.  One does not go from being a local enterprise to an ICANN Registry without area specific skills that need to be taught or self learned over a long period of time.  Unlike the players in residence at ICANN, possible applicants in developing economies had little lead time to develop the skills after learning of the opportunity, if they ever did hear of it..

These failure convince me that before any other rounds, ICANN must develop a method for remediation for developing economies, especially communities in those developing economies.

Remediation will be a lot of work. Minimally it would require:

It would entail better understanding the problem; there is an At Large working group that is working on that.

It would involve capacity building in Registry and Registrar operations in developing economies. 

It would require  pro-bono pre-application mentoring, and

It would involve rock bottom pricing, possibly even free as the Government Advisory Committee (GAC) advised the board early in the current New gTLD program.

But this can be done.  The new administration at ICANN has now built a formidable communications and outreach team. With guidance from the community, I am sure that ICANN can create a viable and successful remediation program for this new gTLD round.  It would be a good thing.

One last thing, the time is now to start this work.

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