#may9th

Jeffersonian and Jacksonian eras, market revolution, reform movements, and expanding democracy. (1800-1848)

Jeffersonian Era

Election of 1800 - Peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans (Jefferson calls it the 'Revolution of 1800')

Jefferson's policies: Smaller federal government, reduced military, and Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Louisiana Purchase (1803) - A large amount of land, west of the current U.S. purchased by Jefferson. He thought this was unconstitutional at first but decided that it was basically just like a treaty which the pres had the power to do. Napoleon sold it to them.

Embargo Act of 1807 - Attempt at avoiding war with Britain/France. Limited trade with both of them. Hurt the U.S.'s economy

Marshall Court

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Established that the Supreme Court had the power to interpret the constitution

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Established that states can't tax federal institutions.

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Federal gov controlled interstate commerce

Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)

Protected private contracts from state interference

Fletcher v. Peck (1810)

First time the Supreme Court struck down a state law as unconstitutional

Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

Native American tribes were sovereign nations and were not subjected to state laws.

NOTE: Jackson went against this and went to start moving Native Americans further west -> Trail of Tears

War of 1812 (1812-1815)

Caused by the impressment of American sailors, British support for Native resistance

Made Andrew Jackson a war hero

Federalists were against it (pro-Brit + seen as too dangerous + debt. Almost threatened to secede) but Democratic-Republicans supported it

Ended up "winning" the war -> Surge in nationalism, the Federalist party fell, got a national anthem, start of Era of Good Feelings

Era of Good Feelings

President: James Monroe

One party -> Democratic-Republicans

American System - Henry Clay. National bank, protective tariffs, infrastructure

Missouri compromise (1820) - 36th parallel, slave states in south non slave states in the north. Missouri was a slave state.

Monroe Doctrine (1823) - Told Europe to mind their own business and stay out of the Western Hemisphere

Panic of 1819 - First major economic troubles in U.S. history. Unemployment, foreclosures, distrust of banks

Internal divisions within the Democratic-Republicans. Later leads to formation of Whigs and Democrats

Market Revolution

Rise of factories, wage labor, and industrialization

Transportation - Canals (Erie Canal), roads, railroads, steam boats

Communication - Telegraph

Commercial Agriculture

Immigration up especially in urban cities in the North

Jacksonian Era

Andrew Jackson - Promoted the "Common Man"

Allowed common people into the white house for parties and such

Indian Removal Act -> Trail of Tears

Veto of the National Bank (really bad)

Spoils System -> His followers could like get government positions. Not based on merit (Sound familiar? ...Trump)

Nullification Crisis -> South Carolina attempted to nullify the federal tariffs cuz they were wild. The ultimately weren't allowed to do that.

Reform Movements

Second Great Awakening - Religious revival in the U.S. Led to new denominations ex, Mormons. Inspired a lot of reform movements

Abolitionism - Against slavery, all people created equal under God.

Temperance Movement - No more drinking

Women's Rights - Seneca Falls Convention (1848), women and men created equal

Education reform - Horace Mann -> free public education

Expanding Democracy

Universal white male suffrage

Already Wednesday geez. Tomorrow -> Friday YaY oh Yah I am excited to see her. It should be good. Just like with  Hopefully

Pictures from this day.