#llnlquantumcomputing

LLNL Quantum Computing

revolutionises 3D-printed quantum hardware, LLNL-led consortium achieves high fidelity

Researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), who are leading a consortium with UC campuses, say the 3D printing of miniature quadrupole ion traps that perform like the best conventional systems is a major quantum computing hardware advancement. The Nature article demonstrated that high-precision, completely three-dimensional ion-trap designs may be swiftly made while maintaining quantum coherence for large-scale systems.

This research was led by LLNL scientists in partnership with UC Berkeley, Riverside, and Santa Barbara. The accomplishment should boost LLNL's role in ion-trap quantum computing hardware development.

Scalability tradeoff solved

A revolutionary technology, quantum computing employs quantum physics to calculate tenfold faster than conventional methods. Trapped ions, which are qubits, are a possible quantum information building component. Ions trapped without cryogenic freezing are valued for their prolonged coherence. However, the field has long experienced hardware issues.

A basic trade-off is difficulty. Flat-electrode planar ion traps, which scale easily for larger systems, often degrade performance. Although they perform better and hold more stable ions, traditional 3D traps are heavy and difficult to include into scalable systems.

LLNL may have combined the best of both approaches in its new solution. Due to advanced additive manufacturing, these quadrupole ion traps have never been miniaturised before. Using four electrode poles, quadrupole ion traps create oscillating electric fields that confine and inhibit ions.

The co-first author, LLNL staff engineer Xiaoxing Xia, said that 3D printing may create many ion traps on a chip and provide the confinement needed to catch the ion at high frequencies. This was like the switch from big transistors to integrated circuits, according to Xia.

UHR3D Printing Power

This miniaturisation was achieved via ultrahigh-resolution two-photon polymerisation 3D printing. This fabrication method is significant because quantum computing is the “ideal early adopter for 3D printing”. The technology produces precise details, complex 3D geometry, and great resolution like no other production method.

The method's fast prototyping is a major benefit. Researchers can print electrodes in 30 minutes or a trap in 14 hours. This speed expands trap geometries, allowing rapid testing of innovative shapes, including hybrid planar-3D designs. UC Berkeley scientist Hartmut Haeffner stated, “With this increased design space, it can now think very differently on how to optimise and miniaturise ion traps.”

Performs Better Than Modern Systems

Produced millimeter-scale traps were successful. They caught calcium ions at error rates and trap frequencies comparable to the best conventional systems. KPIs confirmed the 3D-printed hardware's success:

The traps' motional heating rates and coherence times matched advanced systems.

In a two-qubit entangling gate, the group obtained 98% fidelity.

Two ions once switched positions and stayed stable for minutes.

Experimental validation and theoretical modelling were employed in the study. LLNL's Materials Science Division (MSD) and Materials Engineering Division (MED) accomplished this with physicist Kristi Beck, postdoctoral researcher Sayan Patra in physics, staff engineer Abhinav Parakh, and researcher Juergen Biener. June Yu contributed too.

With these printed structures, LLNL staff engineer Abhinav Parakh is excited to combine, calculate, and separate ions.

Further Developments and Impact

Technology and society could change drastically if these microscopic traps work. To reduce quantum hardware size, the research team is merging electronics and photonics directly onto chips.

However, noise remains the largest issue. Kristi Beck, LLNL physicist and Livermore Centre for Quantum Science director, said, “It expect to see better performance if can remove more material that is close to the ions because there will be fewer places where we know that noise is entering this system.”

Precision sensors, mass spectrometers, atomic clocks, and direct quantum computing can be powered by small traps.

The computing environment is changing rapidly due to quantum technology, as seen in this study. The field aims to help companies and researchers use quantum's potential to solve problems in material science, finance, encryption, and artificial intelligence. Introduction of Setonix-Q Quantum System and quantum frequency conversion by Pawsey.