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CSS Tutorial 10 🚀
► https://youtu.be/5NRjbVaIBdM?si=Y2UuY2AIt9V44JAw ► In this video, we explore CSS cascade vs inheritance! Learn the difference between these two concepts and how they affect how styles are applied to HTML elements on a webpage.
CSS Tutorials Playlist: ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLdE8ESr9Th_vdJ6wbXrZh6Ppra7IOf8fF
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CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a powerful styling language used to design and format web pages. While HTML defines the structure and…
If you want to design stunning websites and make your web pages look modern, elegant, and...
CSS Made Easy – A Complete Guide for Beginners
If you are stepping into the world of web development, one of the first skills you’ll need to master is CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). While HTML provides the structure of a webpage, Best CSS Tutorial brings life to it with design, colors, layouts, and responsiveness. Without CSS, websites would look dull and unorganized.
In this guide, we’ll walk through the basics of CSS, its importance, different types, and how you can get started as a beginner. By the end of this article, you’ll have a strong foundation to begin styling your own webpages.
What is CSS?
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. It is a stylesheet language used to control the look and feel of HTML elements. With CSS, you can define how text, images, buttons, and layouts should appear on different devices.
For example:h1 { color: blue; text-align: center; }
The above code changes the heading (h1) color to blue and centers it on the page. Simple, right?
Why is CSS Important?
Here are some key reasons why CSS is essential:
Separation of Content and Style – HTML handles structure, while CSS manages design.
Reusability – One CSS file can style multiple pages.
Consistency – You can ensure uniform colors, fonts, and layouts across a website.
Responsiveness – CSS makes websites mobile-friendly using media queries.
Better User Experience – Well-designed pages keep users engaged.
In short, CSS is the backbone of modern web design.
Types of CSS
There are three main ways to apply CSS to an HTML page:
Inline CSS – Writing styles directly inside an HTML element. <p style="color: red;">This is red text.</p>
Internal CSS – Writing styles inside the <style> tag in the head section of the HTML file. <style> p { font-size: 18px; color: green; } </style>
External CSS – Linking an external .css file to HTML. This is the most common and professional way. <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
Basic CSS Syntax
The CSS syntax is simple:selector { property: value; }
Selector: Targets the element (e.g., p, h1, div).
Property: The feature you want to change (e.g., color, font-size).
Value: The setting you assign (e.g., red, 20px).
Example:body { background-color: #f2f2f2; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; }
Commonly Used CSS Properties
As a beginner, you should know these essential CSS properties:
Color & Background h2 { color: darkblue; } body { background-color: lightgray; }
Fonts & Text p { font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; text-align: justify; }
Box Model (Margin, Border, Padding, Width, Height) div { width: 200px; height: 100px; margin: 20px; padding: 10px; border: 2px solid black; }
Layouts with Flexbox & Grid .container { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; }
CSS Selectors
Selectors allow you to target specific HTML elements:
Universal Selector: * { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
Class Selector: .btn { background: blue; }
ID Selector: #header { text-align: center; }
Group Selector: h1, h2, p { font-family: Verdana; }
Pseudo-classes: a:hover { color: red; }
Responsive Design with CSS
In today’s world, websites must adapt to desktops, tablets, and mobiles. CSS provides media queries for this:@media screen and (max-width: 600px) { body { background-color: lightblue; } }
This changes the background color when the screen width is less than 600px.
Best Practices for Beginners
Always use external CSS for clean code.
Organize your styles with comments.
Learn Flexbox and Grid for modern layouts.
Test your designs on different screen sizes.
Use developer tools (Inspect Element) to debug styles.
Example: Simple Styled Webpage
Here’s a small HTML + CSS example:<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>My First CSS Page</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to My Website</h1> <p>This is a paragraph styled with CSS.</p> <button class="btn">Click Me</button> </body> </html>
styles.cssbody { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background: #f9f9f9; text-align: center; } h1 { color: darkblue; } p { font-size: 18px; color: #333; } .btn { padding: 10px 20px; background: green; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; } .btn:hover { background: darkgreen; }
Conclusion
Best CSS Tutorial is one of the most powerful tools for front-end developers. It transforms a basic HTML page into a professional, responsive, and visually appealing website. As a beginner, start by learning selectors, properties, and layouts. Then, move towards advanced concepts like Flexbox, Grid, and animations.
The best way to master CSS is through practice. Create small projects, experiment with colors, and try different layouts. With time, you’ll build the confidence to design stunning websites.
CSS Basics for Beginners: Build Beautiful Websites
If you are stepping into the world of web development, learning CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is one of the most important skills you’ll need. This CSS Tutorial for Beginners will walk you through the fundamentals of CSS, helping you understand how to style your websites and make them visually appealing. By the end of this guide, you’ll have the knowledge to create beautiful, user-friendly designs that enhance the overall user experience.
What is CSS?
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets, and it is used to describe the presentation of HTML elements on a webpage. While HTML provides the structure and content, CSS determines how those elements look — including colors, fonts, spacing, and layout.
Think of HTML as the skeleton of a webpage, and CSS as the skin, clothes, and accessories that make it attractive. Without CSS, websites would look plain and unstyled, making them less engaging for visitors.
Why Learn CSS as a Beginner?
If you’re just starting your journey into web development, a CSS Tutorial for Beginners is essential because:
CSS is the foundation of web design – Almost every website you see uses CSS.
Separates style from structure – Makes your code cleaner and easier to maintain.
Responsive design – CSS allows you to make your site look great on desktops, tablets, and phones.
Creativity & branding – Control colors, fonts, animations, and layouts to match your brand identity.
How CSS Works
CSS works by applying styles to HTML elements through selectors. A selector identifies which element to style, and then you define the styling properties inside curly braces {}.
Example:p { color: blue; font-size: 16px; }
This code changes all <p> (paragraph) elements to blue text with a font size of 16 pixels.
Different Ways to Add CSS
In this CSS Tutorial for Beginners, you should know there are three main ways to apply CSS to a webpage:
Inline CSS – Style added directly inside an HTML tag using the style attribute.
<p style="color:red;">This is a red paragraph.</p>
Internal CSS – Style written inside the <style> tag in the HTML <head>.
<style> h1 { color: green; } </style>
External CSS – Style written in a separate .css file and linked to the HTML.
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
External CSS is the most recommended method for professional projects.
Basic CSS Selectors
Selectors determine which HTML element(s) the styles will be applied to:
Element Selector:
p { color: blue; }
Class Selector:
.intro { font-size: 20px; }
ID Selector:
#main { background-color: yellow; }
Universal Selector:
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
CSS Properties Every Beginner Should Know
This CSS Tutorial for Beginners wouldn’t be complete without explaining the most common CSS properties:
Color – Text color. Example: color: red;
Background – Set background color or image. Example: background-color: #f0f0f0;
Font – Change font style, size, and weight. Example: font-family: Arial; font-size: 18px;
Margin – Space outside the element. Example: margin: 20px;
Padding – Space inside the element. Example: padding: 10px;
Border – Add borders around elements. Example: border: 1px solid black;
CSS Box Model
One of the most important concepts in this CSS Tutorial for Beginners is the Box Model. Every HTML element is treated as a box consisting of:
Content – The text or image inside.
Padding – Space between content and border.
Border – The line around the element.
Margin – Space outside the border.
Understanding the box model helps you control spacing and layout accurately.
Styling Text with CSS
Text styling is one of the first things beginners learn:h1 { color: #333; font-size: 36px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase; }
color changes text color.
font-size adjusts text size.
text-align sets alignment.
text-transform can make text uppercase or lowercase.
Working with Colors
CSS supports colors in:
Names: red, blue, green
Hex codes: #ff0000 (red)
RGB values: rgb(255, 0, 0) (red)
HSL values: hsl(0, 100%, 50%) (red)
Example:body { background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #222; }
CSS Layout Basics
To build beautiful websites, you need layout control. Some basic layout properties are:
Display – block, inline, flex, grid
Positioning – static, relative, absolute, fixed, sticky
Flexbox – Align and distribute space easily.
CSS Grid – Create complex layouts.
Example (Flexbox):.container { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; }
Responsive Design with CSS
Modern websites must look good on all devices. In this CSS Tutorial for Beginners, you’ll learn to use media queries:@media (max-width: 768px) { body { background-color: lightblue; } }
This changes the background to light blue for screens smaller than 768px.
CSS Specificity and !important
When multiple rules apply to the same element, specificity decides which rule wins. Inline styles have the highest priority, then IDs, then classes, then elements.
If you want to force a style, you can use !important:p { color: red !important; }
Use this sparingly as it can make CSS harder to manage.
CSS Best Practices for Beginners
Use external CSS for cleaner code.
Keep your CSS organized with comments.
Avoid too many !important rules.
Learn Flexbox and Grid for layouts.
Practice, practice, practice — build small projects.
Conclusion
Learning CSS is the first step toward becoming a front-end web developer. This CSS Tutorial for Beginners has introduced you to the basics — from selectors and properties to the box model and responsive design. The more you practice, the better you’ll get at creating visually stunning, user-friendly websites.
CSS may seem overwhelming at first, but with consistent effort, you’ll soon master the art of styling web pages. Start experimenting with different styles, layouts, and colors, and you’ll see your skills grow day by day.
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CSS Tutorial
Learn web design basics with our CSS Tutorial. This step-by-step guide covers everything from beginner to advanced concepts, including styling, layout, responsiveness, and more. Perfect for aspiring web developers, it helps you master CSS to build beautiful, modern websites. Start your journey today and enhance your front-end development skills with practical examples and clear explanations.
How to Build a Responsive Website Using HTML, CSS, and JS
Introduction
Creating a responsive website has become an essential task nowadays for developers. A responsive website operates on all devices like mobile, Laptop, Tablet, and Desktop. In order to create a responsive website, one must know programming languages that are use for building sites.
HTML, CSS and JavaScript are widely used for building webpages or web applications as these programming languages are used together and allow the programmer to communicate with the computer and instruct it to create the structure of the website and then add style and other functionality to the website.
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, used to create the structure of a website, CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets, used to add style and layout to our website, and JavaScript is another programming language that is used to make our website interactive with the user.
What is Responsive Design?
Responsive web design refers to a design that makes websites function well on desktop, tablet, and mobile devices. Without responsive design, websites run the danger of alienating a sizable user base. Also, website responsive meas mobile-friendliness that helps to rank up a site as Google considers mobile-friendliness" as a ranking factor.
We will be increasing the usage of mobile friendliness as a ranking indication starting of April 21, 2015. This change will have a significant impact in our search results and will effect mobile searches in all languages globally. As a result, users will find it simpler to obtain device-specific, relevant, and high-quality search results.
Why do you need a Responsive Website?
It is imperative to have a responsive website in today’s digital landscape. a responsive website dynamically modifies its elements and layout based on the device screen size. Because people visit websites on a variety of devices, including PCs, tablets, and smartphones, a responsive design guarantees:
Improved User Experience
Faster Load Times
Cost-Effective
Increased Mobile Traffic
Better SEO Performance
Different Frameworks for a Responsive Website
There are various frameworks to build a responsive website; some of the most common frameworks are as follows:
Bootstrap
Foundation
Materialize
Tailwind CSS
Bulma
UIkit
Metro 4 UI
Skeleton
Building the structure of a website using HTML
HTML files are used for setting up the structure of a website. Below is the code to demonstrate how to create the structure of a website using HTML
HTML files are used for setting up the structure of a website. Below is the code to demonstrate how to create the structure of a website using HTML
<! DOCTYPE html >
<html lang = “en”>
<head>
<mata charset = “UTF-8”>
<meta name = “viewport” content = “width = device – width, initial-scale = 1.0”>
<title>Tpoint Tech Website</title>
<link rel = “stylesheet” href=”index.css”
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Welcome to Tpoint Tech Website</h1>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href = “#”>Home</a></li>
<li><a href = “#”>About</a></li>
<li><a href = “#”>Section</a><li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<main>
<footer>
<p>© This is footer of Website</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In order to make the website responsive, it is essential to mention the tag as <meta name= ” viewport”>. The above will create the structure of a website consisting of three sections, which are Home, About, and Sections.
The CSS file will create the layout of the website and add design in order to make it look beautiful to the user. Given below is the code of the CSS file with the file name index.css
/* body of css */
body {
font-family: “Adagio Sans” , sans-serif;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
/* header and footer of css file */
header, footer {
padding: 27px;
text-align: center;
color: blue;
background-color: #FOF8FF
}
nav ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 5px;
}
nav li {
display: inline-block;
margin: 5 15px;
}
nav a {
color: #F5F5DC;
text-decoration: none;
}
main {
padding: 30px;
}
/* Responsive for mobile screen */
@media (max-width: 665px) {
nav li {
display: block;
margin: 15px 0;
}
header h1 {
font-size: 28px;
}
main {
padding: 13px;
}
}
The code for the index.css file ensures that items will display horizontally on large screens for computers and laptops and display vertically for small-screen devices like mobile phones and small tablets.
Adding a JavaScript file will add multiple functionalities and make the website interactive with the user. The JavaScript file will function as suppose you click on the button on the website, the website will give you a message or take you to another page, or any other function can also be performed, depending upon the code written in the JavaScript file, which performs the function.
Given below is an example of adding a menu icon to the mobile screen so that when the user clicks on the menu icon on their mobile screen, all the menu items will be shown to the user, making this feature interactive with the user.
<! - - html file for menu option to show on mobile screen -- >
< button id = “menu option”>Menu</button>
// Add the JavaScript file to display the menu options
<script>
const option = document.getElementById(‘menu-option’);
const nav = document.querySelector(‘ nav ul’);
toggle.addEventListener(‘click’, () => {
nav.classList.toggle(‘active’);
});
</script>
/* Add CSS file in order to add design in mobile screen */
@media(max-width: 745px) {
nav ul {
display: none;
}
nav ul.active {
display: block;
}
}
According to the above code, when the user clicks on the menu option then he will be shown the hidden links, which will take him to different pages or sections by clicking on that link.
With the help of JavaScript, you can add multiple functionalities to your website, like adding the feature of light and dark mode, adding an animation effect in your website, for example, you can add a scrolling feature and hover features, which make your website more attractive to the user.
Conclusion
The article explained all the basic steps in building a website and make it responsive as well. Building a responsive website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript equips you with the foundational skills needed for modern web development.
If you are looking for more of such kind of articles in programming and in tech, then I suggest you visit the Tpoint tech website, where you can find various articles for different programming languages with solved examples and an online compiler as well.
CSS Basics: How to Style Your First Web Page Like a Pro
Creating visually appealing web pages is an essential skill for web developers and designers. CSS, short for Cascading Style Sheets, is the language used to describe the presentation of a web page written in HTML. By learning CSS, you can transform a plain HTML document into a visually stunning and user-friendly web page.
Understanding CSS
Understanding CSS
CSS is a stylesheet language that enables you to control the layout and appearance of HTML elements. It allows you to separate the content of a web page (HTML) from its design and aesthetics (CSS). This separation of concerns makes it easier to maintain and update web pages over time.
What CSS Can Do
CSS is incredibly versatile, offering a wide range of styling options:
Layout Control: Arrange elements on a page using grid and flexbox.
Color and Backgrounds: Apply colors, gradients, and background images.
Typography: Change fonts, sizes, and text styles.
Spacing: Control margins, padding, and element positioning.
Borders and Effects: Add borders, shadows, and more.
Linking Stylesheets
Before you can begin styling, you need to link your CSS to your HTML document. There are three main ways to include CSS:
1. External Stylesheet
An external stylesheet is a separate file with a .css extension. It is the most efficient way to apply styles across multiple web pages. To link an external stylesheet, use the <link> tag inside the <head> section of your HTML document:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> <title>My Web Page</title> </head> <body> <!-- HTML content goes here --> </body> </html>
2. Internal Stylesheet
An internal stylesheet is written directly within the <style> tags in the <head> section of your HTML document. This method is useful for single-page applications or when you need to apply styles to only one page:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <style> body { background-color: lightblue; } </style> <title>My Web Page</title> </head> <body> <!-- HTML content goes here --> </body> </html>
3. Inline Styles
Inline styles are applied directly to HTML elements using the style attribute. This method is generally discouraged as it mixes content with presentation, making the code harder to maintain:
<p style="color: red;">This is a red paragraph.</p>
Applying Basic Styles
Once you've linked your CSS, you can start applying styles to your HTML elements. CSS styles are defined using a combination of selectors, properties, and values.
Selectors
Selectors are used to target HTML elements for styling. Common selectors include:
Element Selector: Targets all elements of a specific type.
p { color: blue; }
Class Selector: Targets elements with a specific class attribute. Classes are prefixed with a period (.).
.highlight { font-weight: bold; }
ID Selector: Targets a specific element with an ID attribute. IDs are prefixed with a hash (#).
#main-header { font-size: 24px; }
Properties and Values
CSS properties define what aspect of the element will be styled, such as color, font-size, or margin. Each property is assigned a value:
h1 { color: darkgreen; font-size: 32px; text-align: center; }
Example: Styling a Simple Web Page
Let's walk through a simple example of how CSS can be used to style a basic HTML page.
HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> <title>Simple Web Page</title> </head> <body> <header id="main-header"> <h1>Welcome to My Web Page</h1> </header> <nav> <ul class="navigation"> <li><a href="#">Home</a></li> <li><a href="#">About</a></li> <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li> </ul> </nav> <main> <section> <h2>About Me</h2> <p class="intro">Hello! I'm a web developer passionate about creating beautiful and functional web pages.</p> </section> </main> <footer> <p>© 2023 My Web Page</p> </footer> </body> </html>
CSS Styles (styles.css)
/* Basic styles */ body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0; padding: 0; } header { background-color: #333; color: white; padding: 10px 0; text-align: center; } .navigation { list-style-type: none; padding: 0; } .navigation li { display: inline; margin-right: 10px; } .navigation a { color: #333; text-decoration: none; } .intro { font-style: italic; color: #555; } footer { background-color: #333; color: white; text-align: center; padding: 10px 0; position: fixed; width: 100%; bottom: 0; }
Explanation of CSS Code
Body Styles: Sets the default font family, line height, and removes default margin and padding.
Header Styles: Applies a dark background color, white text, and centers the content.
Navigation Styles: Defines styles for the navigation list, including removing bullet points and styling links.
Intro Paragraph: Applies italic styling and a custom color.
Footer Styles: Similar styling to the header, plus fixed positioning at the bottom of the page.
Advanced CSS
Advanced CSS Techniques
As you become more comfortable with CSS, you can explore more advanced techniques to enhance your web designs.
Responsive Design
Responsive design ensures that your web page looks great on all devices, from desktop computers to mobile phones. CSS media queries allow you to apply different styles based on the screen size:
@media (max-width: 600px) { body { font-size: 14px; } .navigation li { display: block; margin: 5px 0; } }
CSS Flexbox and Grid
CSS Flexbox and Grid are powerful layout models that provide flexibility in designing complex layouts:
Flexbox: Ideal for one-dimensional layouts, such as rows or columns.
Grid: Perfect for two-dimensional layouts, allowing you to define both rows and columns.
Example of Flexbox:
.container { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; }
Example of Grid:
.grid-container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 10px; }
Tips for Writing Clean CSS
Organize Your Styles: Group related styles together and use comments to separate sections.
Use Descriptive Names: Choose meaningful class and ID names for easier understanding.
Minimize Inline Styles: Keep your styles in external or internal stylesheets.
Consistent Formatting: Follow consistent indentation and spacing for readability.
Test Across Browsers: Ensure your styles work in all major browsers.
Tips for Writing
Conclusion
CSS is an essential tool for web development, allowing you to create visually appealing and user-friendly web pages. By understanding how to link stylesheets, apply basic styles, and utilize advanced techniques, you'll be well-equipped to design modern, responsive websites. Remember to continually practice and experiment with CSS to enhance your skills and creativity.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between CSS and HTML?
HTML is used to structure content on a web page, while CSS is used to style and layout that content.
How do I choose between internal and external stylesheets?
Use external stylesheets for larger projects to keep styles separate from HTML, and internal stylesheets for small, single-page applications.
Can I use multiple stylesheets on a single page?
Yes, you can link multiple external stylesheets, and they will be applied in the order they are linked.
What are CSS frameworks, and should I use them?
CSS frameworks like Bootstrap provide pre-designed styles and components to speed up development. They are useful for beginners and for rapid prototyping.
How can I learn more about advanced CSS techniques?
Explore online resources, tutorials, and courses that cover topics like responsive design, CSS animations, and preprocessors like SASS.
