rescue horse health part one.
Today’s post is inspired by two things. One, I’ve been seeing a lot of people critiquing weight of horses and seemingly not understanding what that means. Two, my best friend just adopted a rescue horse and she’s incredibly underweight. As such, I’ve been refusing to post photos of her because I don’t really want to deal with people criticizing the fact that she looks like hell. We know she looks like hell, that’s why we rescued her. So I’m beginning to realize that some health issues are super common with rescue horses and I’m gonna talk about them a little bit at a time. People with more experience or other things to say, please go ahead and comment or add!
The biggest issue that we’ve had so far with rescue mare is food. On a body condition score scale, she’s anywhere between a 2 and a 3, depending on what areas on her body you look at. Her ribs are very visible, her hip bones are incredibly prominent, as are other areas of her pelvis. Despite all of that, she’s in great health. The problem is that she needs to put on some serious weight before we can do anything with her, and that’s a major issue.
Much like with humans after they’ve been starved, horses - and all other animals - have to be brought back into eating in a slow manner. Rescue animals that have been starved will gladly gorge themselves on whatever is provided to them, because they have no concept of the fact that the food is going to keep being given to them. They’re acting on instinct to try and protect themselves from continuing to starve. That means that these guys CANNOT be free fed. The chances of them overeating are incredibly high and since horses do not have the means to regurgitate, this can quickly lead to colic. In horses that are emaciated and possibly suffering from other health conditions related to this, the chances of them recovering from colic are much smaller than healthy animals with minor intestinal blockages.
Additionally, even if you’re limiting the food they eat, colic can still happen. Using high calorie or protein foods in an attempt to fatten them up is a quick way to make this happen. Though you may be concerned about the fact that your horses is still skinny, making sure that they get used to eating in a healthy way is far more important than putting a lot of weight on quickly. If they do this, it’s not only bad for their gastrointestinal health, but can also stress their joints. Horses that have been used to carrying a certain weight may start to have joint issues if suddenly they’re expected to carry 100+ extra pounds, without being given the time to become accustomed to the body weight.
Personally, one of my favorite things to use for underweight horses is soaked beet pulp. It has several great things about it from my experience. First of all, it’s low in sugar but high in fiber, which makes it great as an addition to the fiber consumed from legumes in the form of hay. I prefer to soak it, as it reduces the potential choking hazard and keeps it from swelling in the gut, as it has already retained water and swelled before consumption. The water logging is beneficial for animals that may not be the best at remembering to drink water and can sometimes slow down the excessive eating of animals that want to eat until they feel full. However, this is something that I would only use as a supplement to whatever you’re feeding as the main source of fiber - usually alfalfa, oat or grass hay. It provides the additional source of food that the horse can then use to put on weight, rather than just consuming enough to keep their main body functions from shutting down.
Putting weight on a rescue horse is a long and hard process, but should never be rushed. Some animals take longer to put on weight - older animals, hard keepers - and some will put it on quickly. Either way, I commend you on taking on the process of rehabilitating an animal and helping them lead a much better life! Look out for more posts about rescue horse health, coming soon.