#java interview

6) Difference between abstract class and interface ?

Interface

Interface contains only abstract methods      

Access Specifiers for methods in interface must be public

Variables defined must be public , static final

Multiple Inheritance in java is implemented using interface

To implement an interface we use implements keyword

Abstract Class

Abstract class can contain abstract methods, concrete methods or both

Except private we can have any access specifier for methods in abstract class.

Except private variables can have any access specifiers

We cannot achieve multiple inheritance using abstract class

To implement an interface we use implement keyword

7) Why java is platform independent?

The most unique feature of java is platform independent. In any programming language soruce code is compiled in to executable code . This cannot be run across all platforms. When javac compiles a java program it generates an executable file called .class file.

class file contains byte codes. Byte codes are interpreted only by JVM’s . Since these JVM’s are made available across all platforms by Sun Microsystems, we can execute this byte code in any platform. Byte code generated in windows environment can also be executed in linux environment. This makes java platform independent.

8) What is method overloading in java ?

A class having two or more methods with same name but with different arguments then we say that those methods are overloaded. Static polymorphism is achieved in java using method overloading. Method overloading is used when we want the methods to perform similar tasks but with different inputs or values. When an overloaded method is invoked java first checks the method name, and the number of arguments ,type of arguments; based on this compiler executes this method. Compiler decides which method to call at compile time. By using overloading static polymorphism or static

binding can be achieved in java.

Note : Return type is not part of method signature. we may have methods with different return types but return type alone is not sufficient to call a method in java.

9) What is difference between c++ and Java ?

Interface

Java is platform independent

There are no pointers in java

There is no operator overloading in java

There is garbage collection in java

Supports multithreading

There are no templates in java

There are no global variables in java

Abstract Class

C++ is platform dependent.

There are pointers in C++

C ++ has operator overloading.

There is no garbage collection

Does’nt support multithreading

There are templates in java

There are global variables in c++

10) What is bytecode in java ?

JIT compiler stands for Just in time compiler. JIT compiler compiles byte code in to executable code . JIT a part of JVM .JIT cannot convert complete java program in to executable code it converts as and when it is needed during execution.

11) What is bytecode in java ?

When a javac compiler compiler compiles a class it generates .class file. This .class file contains set of instructions called byte code. Byte code is a machine independent language and contains set of instructions which are to be executed only by JVM. JVM can understand this byte codes.

12) Difference between this() and super() in java ?

this() is used to access one constructor from another with in the same class while super() is used to access superclass constructor. Either this() or super() exists it must be the first statement in the constructor.

13) What is a class ?

Classes are fundamental or basic unit in Object Oriented Programming .A class is kind of blueprint or template for objects. Class defines variables, methods. A class tells what type of objects we are creating. For example take Department class tells us we can create department type objects. We can create any number of department objects.

All programming constructs in java reside in class. When JVM starts running it first looks for the class when we compile. Every Java application must have atleast one class and one main method. Class starts with class keyword. A class definition must be saved in class file that has same as class name. File name must end with .java extension.

public class FirstClass

{public static void main(String[] args)

{System.out.println(“My First class”);

}

}

If we see the above class when we compile JVM loads the FirstClass and generates a .class file(FirstClass.class). When we run the program we are running the class and then executes the main method.

14) What is an object ?

An Object is instance of class. A class defines type of object. Each object belongs to some class.Every object contains state and behavior. State is determined by value of attributes and behavior is called method. Objects are alos called as an instance.                                

To instantiate the class we declare with the class type.

public classFirstClass {public static voidmain(String[] args)

{

FirstClass f=new FirstClass();

System.out.println(“My First class”);

}

}

To instantiate the FirstClass we use this statement

FirstClass f=new FirstClass();

Learn 7 Basics of Java Programming to Start Coding Today

In this post, I will cover 7 basics of Java Programming to help you start coding in Java Today. Before going ahead, I would recommend you go through our blog on How to Learn Java from Scratch, which ensures you have a clear learning roadmap in your mind.

I probably don’t need to tell you that without mastering basics in Java or any programming language, you cannot do coding efficiently.

Whether…