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Assessing the vulnerability, adaptation and resilience (VAR) of energy systems is of paramount importance in coping with the impacts of climate change, particularly in developing countries. HELIO International has initiated a series of country assessments aimed at identifying vulnerabilities of energy systems, with a view to improving their resilience to withstand climate shocks. These assessments review relevant climatic, social, economic and environmental information – in the context of the energy systems. Kenya is one of ten countries to be assessed

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is experiencing one of the highest rate of urbanization in the world. Over the years, the city has had inconsistent transformation of land use and organic development; which in turn created crisis in residential areas or neighborhoods and affected the city life adversely. Bureaucratic problems, political influence, lack of appropriate mechanism for land development for the residential areas, ineffective implementation, poor supervision and monitoring system are continuously creating the opportunity to alter or violate the land use plan. Based on field observation and secondary information, this paper focuses on the issue of land use plan violation and its socioeconomic impacts in Dhaka City. This paper also provides a guideline regarding implementation of land use plan for comfortable living environment in Dhaka City.

Given the high levels of crime and violence in South Africa, there may be a temptation for citizens to arm themselves for protection. Using quantitative survey data from the Cape Area Panel Study and qualitative interviews with residents of high-violence neighbourhoods, this paper examines the question of who carries weapons outside the home in Cape Town and what the effects of weapon carrying may be. Multiple regression analysis is used to test the significance of possible drivers of weapon carrying and the results are discussed in the South African social context. Weapon carrying is found to be associated with both assault perpetration and victimization, suggesting that it is part of a violent lifestyle in which weapon carriers are likely to use their weapons both offensively and defensively. Possible weapon-related policies for violence reduction are also discussed.

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is experiencing one of the highest rate of urbanization in the world. Over the years, the city has had inconsistent transformation of land use and organic development; which in turn created crisis in residential areas or neighborhoods and affected the city life adversely. Bureaucratic problems, political influence, lack of appropriate mechanism for land development for the residential areas, ineffective implementation, poor supervision and monitoring system are continuously creating the opportunity to alter or violate the land use plan. Based on field observation and secondary information, this paper focuses on the issue of land use plan violation and its socioeconomic impacts in Dhaka City. This paper also provides a guideline regarding implementation of land use plan for comfortable living environment in Dhaka City.

Given the high levels of crime and violence in South Africa, there may be a temptation for citizens to arm themselves for protection. Using quantitative survey data from the Cape Area Panel Study and qualitative interviews with residents of high-violence neighbourhoods, this paper examines the question of who carries weapons outside the home in Cape Town and what the effects of weapon carrying may be. Multiple regression analysis is used to test the significance of possible drivers of weapon carrying and the results are discussed in the South African social context. Weapon carrying is found to be associated with both assault perpetration and victimization, suggesting that it is part of a violent lifestyle in which weapon carriers are likely to use their weapons both offensively and defensively. Possible weapon-related policies for violence reduction are also discussed.

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is experiencing one of the highest rate of urbanization in the world. Over the years, the city has had inconsistent transformation of land use and organic development; which in turn created crisis in residential areas or neighborhoods and affected the city life adversely. Bureaucratic problems, political influence, lack of appropriate mechanism for land development for the residential areas, ineffective implementation, poor supervision and monitoring system are continuously creating the opportunity to alter or violate the land use plan. Based on field observation and secondary information, this paper focuses on the issue of land use plan violation and its socioeconomic impacts in Dhaka City. This paper also provides a guideline regarding implementation of land use plan for comfortable living environment in Dhaka City.

Given the high levels of crime and violence in South Africa, there may be a temptation for citizens to arm themselves for protection. Using quantitative survey data from the Cape Area Panel Study and qualitative interviews with residents of high-violence neighbourhoods, this paper examines the question of who carries weapons outside the home in Cape Town and what the effects of weapon carrying may be. Multiple regression analysis is used to test the significance of possible drivers of weapon carrying and the results are discussed in the South African social context. Weapon carrying is found to be associated with both assault perpetration and victimization, suggesting that it is part of a violent lifestyle in which weapon carriers are likely to use their weapons both offensively and defensively. Possible weapon-related policies for violence reduction are also discussed.