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MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Benjamin Glicksberg, PhD Assistant Professor of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Member of the Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center Member of the Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Healt Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Reports from health systems that detailed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of their COVID-19 patients were instrumental in helping other health systems rapidly adapt and know what to expect. There are few studies, however, that assess what happens to these patients after they were discharged from the hospital. In our work, we address this gap by determining both how many individuals re-present to the hospital within 14 days, and what clinical characteristics of these patients differ from those who do not. Such information is critical in order to continue to refine optimal treatment plans and discharge decisions for patients of all backgrounds and clinical profiles. To provide more context to the question, we also determined if and how these factors changed between initial presentation and readmission to the hospital. MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings?  Response: We found that around 4% of COVID-19 patients that were discharged after a hospitalization returned for emergency care after a median of 4.5 days, with around half of them required a readmission. Read the full article

Dr. Nicolle Prof. Lindsay E Nicolle Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada  MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for these updated guidelines? What are the main recommendations? Response: The guideline updates the guideline previously published in 2005. There is some new information published in the interim, but the recommendations from the earlier guideline have not changed. In addition, some populations not included in the 2005 guideline are addressed in the update. These include children, transplant recipients, and patients undergoing elective surgery with prosthesis implantation. MedicalResearch.com: Who should be screened for a UTI?  Should all women with bacteruria be treated?  What determines the type of treatment?  Response: The guideline differentiates between asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and symptomatic UTI, and only addresses management issues for asymptomatic bacteriuria. For ASB, screening is only recommended for populations where there has been shown to be a benefit of treating ASB. This is only pregnant women and persons who will undergo an endourologic procedure. Treatment is these two groups is determined by clinical trials which address the type of antibiotic and duration of therapy. MedicalResearch.com: Is there anything women can do to limit the likelihood of a UTI? Response: Again, the document does not address UTI – just ASB. There are no recommendations relevant to limiting the likelihood of asymptomatic bacteriuria.  MedicalResearch.com: What should readers take away from your report? Response: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a very common finding, and apart from the two groups mentioned above, outcomes are not improved with antibiotic therapy. In fact, antibiotic therapy should be avoided where possible as it will be associated with adverse effects and promote antimicrobial resistance. One problematic area is the treatment of older men and women, who have a high prevalence of ASB, with antibiotics based on symptoms which are not due to UTI. This issue requires more clinical studies, but current evidence suggests symptomatic UTI should not b diagnosed or treated unless there are acute symptoms localizing to the bladder or kidneys.  MedicalResearch.com: Thank you for your contribution to the MedicalResearch.com community. Citation: Lindsay E Nicolle, Kalpana Gupta, Suzanne F Bradley, Richard Colgan, Gregory P DeMuri, Dimitri Drekonja, Linda O Eckert, Suzanne E Geerlings, Béla Köves, Thomas M Hooton, Manisha Juthani-Mehta, Shandra L Knight, Sanjay Saint, Anthony J Schaeffer, Barbara Trautner, Bjorn Wullt, Reed Siemieniuk; Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: 2019 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Clinical Infectious Diseases, , ciy1121, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy1121 Note: Content is Not intended as medical advice. Please consult your health care provider regarding your specific medical condition and questions. More Medical Research Interviews on MedicalResearch.com       Read the full article