#helicase

Bound for Life

DNA replication is crucial for life; without it we wouldn’t grow. A key step in replication is the formation of a fork. A replication fork can be compared to the zip on your jeans – the DNA helix is unwound by an enzyme, helicase, allowing other enzymes access to copy the DNA. However, how helicase binds to DNA was a mystery. Researchers at MRC LMS and Imperial College London discovered in yeast that helicase, made of six proteins called Mcm2–7, is loaded onto the DNA in four steps and undergoes structural changes throughout the process. Seen here in cryo-EM images are the first three steps (rows top to bottom) with helicase highlighted in green and the loading complex in blue around the DNA coloured red. DNA replication in yeast and humans is extremely similar so this research has the potential to be applied in healthcare, such as inhibiting DNA replication in cancer.

Read more about this research here

Written by Lauren Green

Image from work by Zuanning Yuana, Sarah Schneider, Thomas Dodd and Alberto Riera, and colleagues

DNA Replication Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK

Image copyright held by the original authors

Research published in PNAS, July 2020

What do teenage boys and helicase enzymes have in common?