Brief Overview of Code
If you didn't want to learn all of those languages and are lazy (like me) I'll give a brief overview of coding. Since people here like wizards, that will be my primary analogy.
So as a wizard, you have spells to cast, and it is likely you have multiple schools or types of magic to choose from. For this particular magic, the main types are as follows:
Conditionals
Loops
Functions
In a similar vein, most of these types have core components that are used to make them. These are commonly referred to as variables, and they come in a few flavors:
Number (int)
Letter (char)
Word/Phrase (string)
Object
List
I will go over each type and component below.
Conditionals
Conditionals are very simple. The spell comes in this form:
if (condition is true) {make this thing happen}
else {make this thing happen}
For example:
if (apple = red) {bite apple}
else {throw apple away}
This is often used as an evaluation to ensure a certain thing has been done or goal has been met before performing an action.
Loops
Loops are used to repeat an action multiple times. This is often useful for something that contains multiple items to be evaluated, like a grocery list. There are two main types of loops:
For loop: This will loop for a set number of times. So if you have 5 items on your grocery list, a for loop would loop over the list 5 times.
While loop: This will loop until something triggers an exit. For instance looking through a dictionary until you find a particular word.
Functions
Functions essentially perform any action. Conditionals and loops are often used inside functions.
They follow this template:
functionName(inputs (optional)):
perform action
return output (optional)
A good example of a function is one that changes an apples color.
changeApple(apple, color) :
apple.color = color
return apple
So this function takes in an apple and a color, then returns the apple with its color changed. But where does it return to? Most times it is stored within a component.
Components
For some languages you are required to define a components type, for some you are not. Most component types are rather self explanatory, and when they are not Google is your best friend.
