The differential diagnosis of a middle mediastinal mass includes lymph nodes, foregut duplication cysts, tracheal/bronchial lesions, lipoma, esophageal lesions (benign or malignant) and vascular lesions (aortic aneurysm, varices).
This case is a 70-year-old man who presented with cough and hemoptysis. Chest radiograph reveals a right mediastinal mass that silhouettes the right hilar vessels, localizing the lesion to the middle mediastinum. There is also mass effect on the trachea and widening of the right paratracheal stripe. CT reveals a mass along the right tracheal border, which also encases the right mainstem bronchus. Biopsy revealed small cell bronchial carcinoma.
Case courtesy of Townsville radiology training, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 18285
















