#body tissues

Since my mum is here I’m taking full advantage of her and got her to help me do up my resume today! I would’ve taken a picture of it, but because of personal details etc. I decided not to.. so heres a picture of bio notes from last week instead!

Congratulations to Prof. André Bégin-Drolet and his team at Universite Laval on publishing their new paper in Additive Manufacturing. They rigged one of our old XL 3D Printers to extrude sugar glass for use in creating synthetic body tissues!

Chondrocytes (from Greek χόνδρος, chondros = cartilage + κύτος, kytos = cell) are the only cells found in healthy cartilage. They produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans. Although the word chondroblast is commonly used to describe an immature chondrocyte, the term is imprecise, since the progenitor of chondrocytes (which are mesenchymal stem cells) can differentiate into various cell types, including osteoblasts. More details Android, Windows

This article is about the skeletal tissue. For other uses, see cartilage. Chondroblasts, or perichondrial cells, is the name given to mesenchymal progenitor cells in situ which, from endochondral ossification, will form chondrocytes in the growing cartilage matrix. Another name for them is subchondral cortico-spongious progenitors. They have euchromatic nuclei and stain by basic dyes. These cells are extremely important in Chondrogenesis due to their role in forming both the Chondrocytes and cartilage matrix which will eventually form cartilage. Use of the term is technically inaccurate since mesenchymal progenitors can also technically differentiate into osteoblasts or fat. Chondroblasts are called Chondrocytes when they embed themselves in the cartilage matrix, consisting of proteoglycan and collagen fibers, until they lie in the matrix lacunae. Once they embed themselves into the cartilage matrix, they grow the cartilage matrix by growing more cartilage extracellular matrix rather than by dividing further.[citation needed] More details Android, Windows

Fibrosis is the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process. This can be a reactive, benign, or pathological state. In response to injury, this is called scarring, and if fibrosis arises from a single cell line, this is called a fibroma. Physiologically, fibrosis acts to deposit connective tissue, which can obliterate the architecture and function of the underlying organ or tissue. Fibrosis can be used to describe the pathological state of excess deposition of fibrous tissue, as well as the process of connective tissue deposition in healing. Defined by the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, fibrosis results in scarring and thickening of the affected tissue, it is in essence an exaggerated wound healing response which interferes with normal organ function. More details Android, Windows

A fibroblast is a type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, the structural framework (stroma) for animal tissues, and plays a critical role in wound healing. Fibroblasts are the most common cells of connective tissue in animals. More details Android, Windows

For other uses, see Sclerosis (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Scoliosis. In medicine, sclerosis (also spelled sclerosus in the names of a few disorders; from Greek σκληρός "hard") is the stiffening of a structure, usually caused by a replacement of the normal organ-specific tissue with connective tissue. Types include: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, sometimes known as Lou Gehrig's disease, a progressive, incurable, usually fatal disease of motor neurons. Atherosclerosis, a deposit of fatty materials, such as cholesterol, in the arteries which causes hardening. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a disease that attacks the kidney's filtering system (glomeruli) causing serious scarring and thus a cause of nephrotic syndrome in children and adolescents, as well as an important cause of kidney failure in adults. Hippocampal sclerosis, a brain damage often seen in individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy. Lichen sclerosus, a disease that hardens the connective tissues of the vagina and the penis. An autoimmune disorder. Liver sclerosis is a common misspelling of cirrhosis of the liver. Multiple sclerosis, or focal sclerosis, is a central nervous system disease which affects coordination. Osteosclerosis, a condition where the bone density is significantly increased. Otosclerosis, a disease of the ears. Systemic sclerosis (progressive systemic scleroderma), a rare, chronic disease which affects the skin, and in some cases also blood vessels and internal organs. Tuberous sclerosis, a rare genetic disease which affects multiple systems. Primary sclerosing cholangitis, a hardening of the bile duct by scarring and repeated inflammation. Primary lateral sclerosis, progressive muscle weakness in the voluntary muscles. ^ "Welcome To The NephCure Foundation". Archived from the original on 2009-06-02.  ^ "Focal sclerosis definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms easily defined on MedTerms". Medterms.com. 2012-09-20. Retrieved 2013-01-12.  More details Android, Windows

This article is about scar tissue. For other uses, see Scar (disambiguation). "Scarred" redirects here. For other uses, see Scarred (disambiguation). "Scars" redirects here. For the 1998 video game, see S.C.A.R.S. (video game). Scars are areas of fibrous tissue (fibrosis) that replace normal skin after injury. A scar results from the biological process of wound repair in the skin and other tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natural part of the healing process. With the exception of very minor lesions, every wound (e.g., after accident, disease, or surgery) results in some degree of scarring. An exception to this are animals with complete regeneration, which regrow tissue without scar formation. Scar tissue is composed of the same protein (collagen) as the tissue that it replaces, but the fiber composition of the protein is different; instead of a random basketweave formation of the collagen fibers found in normal tissue, in fibrosis the collagen cross-links and forms a pronounced alignment in a single direction. This collagen scar tissue alignment is usually of inferior functional quality to the normal collagen randomised alignment. For example, scars in the skin are less resistant to ultraviolet radiation, and sweat glands and hair follicles do not grow back within scar tissues. A myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, causes scar formation in the heart muscle, which leads to loss of muscular power and possibly heart failure. However, there are some tissues (e.g. bone) that can heal without any structural or functional deterioration. More details Android, Windows