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interspecific competition: between different species
intraspecific competition: within the same species
exploitative competition: occurs when consumption of a limiting resource by one species makes that resource unavailable for the rival species
interference competition: a direct form of competition where an organism actively interferes with another organism's ability to obtain it's resource
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The Allee effect is a phenomenon in biology characterized by a correlation between population size or density and the mean individual fitness (often measured as per capita population growth rate) of a population or species.
Wikipedia
When an animal (or organ or tissue) changes shape in response to size changes (i.e., does not maintain geometric similarity), we say that it scales allometrically (allo = different, metric = measure). Allometric scaling is common in nature, both when comparing two animals of different sizes and when comparing the same animal at two different sizes (i.e., growth). The reasons, and there are many, underlying this rule will keep us occupied for much of this course.
http://www.ableweb.org/volumes/vol-20/1-colton/scalingtutorial/isometric.html
The two evolutionary "strategies" are termed r-selection, for those species that produce many "cheap" offspring and live in unstable environments and K-selection for those species that produce few "expensive" offspring and live in stable environments.
semelparaity: Reproduce once and die// a single, fatal reproductive episode
iteroparity: Reproduce continuously// repeated reproduction throughout life
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α: Alpha diversity was defined by Whittaker (1972) as the species richness of a place. However, the practical development of this concept led to redefine the alpha diversity on the basis of the structure of the community. The most common expression is linked, then, both on the number of species and the proportion in which each species is represented in the community. In short, a community will have an high alpha diversity, when there is an high number of species and their abundances are much similar.
β: Beta diversity was defined by Whittaker (1972) as "the extent of species replacement or biotic change along environmental gradients." The beta diversity measures the turnover of species between two sites in terms of gain or loss of species. However, although the concept of change in species composition is quite clear and intuitive, beta diversity reflects two antithetical phenomena: nestedness and turnover.
http://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_difference_between_alpha-diversity_and_beta-diversity_in_microbial_ecology
Dispersal vs Dispersion
Dispersal: the act or result of dispersing; especially : the process or result of the spreading of organisms from one place to another
Dispersion: the act or process of dispersing : the state of being dispersed
helps with lab 1
