#belschnickel

Belsnickel

Translating to “St. Nicholas in furs” or “St. Nicholas who wallops,” the Belsnickel is a companion of the Christ Kindel or St. Nicholas who brings both cheer and fear during the holiday season. His origins go back to Pagan times in Western Europe, and his legend was brought to America by early German immigrants. For centuries up to today, the Belsnickel has visited Pennsylvania German families across PA during Christmastime. 

Krampus is a figure from European myth, believed to be a remnant of a Pagan god, who accompanies St. Nicholas or the Christ Child during Christmas. He is a horned and hairy figure with sharp fangs and a long tongue. He carries a ruten, a bundle of birch switches, or a whip to swat bad children, and chains or a bag to carry them off into hell. He appears on December 5th, Krampusnacht, when a feast is traditionally held in the Alpine regions of Europe. People may offer peach schnapps to appease him when he comes to judge.

It is from Krampus that all other companions of St. Nicholas were formed, including the Belsnickel. He originated in Germany’s Rhineland region, and was brought over by the immigrants who would eventually become the Pennsylvania German. There are several versions of his legend to be found in PA. 

The Belsnickel wears many furs and/or a tattered cloak, black, brown, or gray in color. He paints his face, maybe with mud, or wears a mask with a long tongue and/or antlers. In this way, he resembles his origin, Krampus. He carries a bundle of birch (sometimes hickory) switches in one hand, and a bag full of candy and treats in the other. He acts independently from St. Nicholas and the Christ Kindel, appearing at the homes of children in the dead of night 1-2 weeks before Christmas.