#auddaunyo

Aud̄d̄aun̄yo Consonants

consonants are listed here in their standard romanised orthography

all consonants except w & y can be geminated in which case they are written twice. If the consonant is written as a digraph, only the first character is repeated

horizontal bars mark either fricatives or dentals

dots mark emphatic (ejective) consonants or uvulars

acute accents mark lateral fricatives or palatal nasals

carons mark palatal fricatives

Aud̄d̄aun̄yo Vowels

vowels here are shown in their standard romanised orthography

macrons mark long vowels

grave accents mark short low-mid vowels

carons mark long low-mid vowels

ai and au are pronounced [aɪ̯] and [aʊ̯] respectively

Aud̄d̄aun̄yo Phonotactics

The possible syllables are:

CV̆

CV̄

CV̆+

CV̄+

CV̆K

where C is any consonant, V̆ is a short vowel (including diphthongs), V̄ is a long vowel, + is used for a coda consonant matching the onset of the following vowel, K is any consonant other than w or y

w & y are not allowed in the coda, but are sometimes morphologically expected to occur in them. In these cases, the semivowel contracts with the preceding vowel resulting in raising (and fronting or backing depending on the semivowel)

In colloquial speech, and in pausa, final short monophthongs are usually dropped, with final long monophthongs shortening, and final rising vowels (diphthongs) contracted to the corresponding low-mid short vowel. This can lead to final consonant clusters although if these are difficult for the speaker, a short vowel /a/ may be inserted between the two consonants

Aud̄d̄aun̄yo Sandhi

affricates lose their fricative when followed by a dental, alveolar, or palatal fricative

glottals are lost following another consonant, causing gemination of that consonant instead

most consonants (all except approximants or trills) assimilate in place of articulation to a following “close” consonants (provided that consonant is also not an approximant or trill)

dentals are close to both alveolars (e.g. t̄s > ts, d̄ś > dś)

alveolars are close to each other, dentals, and palatals (e.g. ṣt̄ > ṯ̣t̄, sc > šc)

palatals are close to both alveolars and velars (e.g. št > st, cḵ > kḵ)

velars are close to palatals and uvulars (e.g. kš > cš, ḵq > q̄q)

uvulars are close to velars and glottals (e.g. q̄k > ḵk, q̄’ > h’)

glottals are close to uvulars (e.g. hq > q̄q)

if two consonants in a cluster are close but the first cannot assimilate due to a gap in the phonology, the second consonant assimilates instead (e.g. tst̄ > tst, ġh > ġq̄)

if two consonants (again not approximants or trills) are “close” and share manner of articulation, they also assimilate voicing reducing the cluster to gemination (voicing is dominant, emphatic/ejective intermediate, and voicelessness is recessive) i.e.

ss > ss

sṣ > ṣṣ

sz > zz

ṣs > ṣṣ

ṣṣ > ṣṣ

ṣz > zz

zs > zz

zṣ > zz

zz > zz

Aud̄d̄aun̄yo Orthography

So far we have used the standard romanised orthography. Additionally, in dictionaries, class vowels are frequently marked with an underdot