I'm so curious about spellwriting in your world. Do you mind questions poking at it or is it not developed enough for that? I so badly want to pick at Hyssops spell and what happened with it, did he miss an obvious bit that magic took literally? Did it mistranslate something in a really weird way? I would be that person studying magic like a mad man
He unknowingly left out a crucial step in the process, and magic, unlike a totally unintelligent process that might simply stop dead at that point, came up with it's own solution to get to the next step in the process and proceed.
The reason he didn't realize the step was missing is because he didn't realize it was necessary for the spell's potency to gain access to the interior of the body through a physical entry point. Magic can pass through solid materials so it didn't occur to him to include how or where it was allowed to create that physical entry point, he thought it could just go where it needed to be as it often does in other spells.
That's partly because of their own bodies - part of the spell relies on the magic system that supports Saratoan skin pigmentation, but that pigment also acts as a soft barrier to magic trying to pass through them. It went so hard for the mouth because of the lack of pigment there.
It's sort of like if you sent someone to go to your house and leave a package inside but you didn't know your doors were locked so it never occurred to you to give them a key or add "find key under fake rock" to the instructions, so they broke a window to get inside rather than just stop and say they found a flaw in your instructions and they can't proceed.
It's easy to think Atlas' spell failed too because he has scars as well, but his were planned. He accepted that apparently the spell needs a wound and wrote the exact amount of damage he felt he could live with into the spell and wrote in the logistics of healing it as quickly as possible.
His failure was that it didn't come out as potent, and he remains unsure if the spell somehow works on a more wound = more better kind of logic or if the process of the spell rewriting itself in Hyssop lead to something more effective than either of them know how to write (since it had to invent so many extra steps the version actually in his body isn't exactly what Hyssop actually wrote). He mostly thinks it's the latter but is too afraid of the former to let anyone else continue the experiment.
(this is also why Hyssop is totally willing to tease him about having a "lizard tongue" Atlas' scars aren't a reminder of a traumatic experience, it was more like a planned surgery situation)