COMMODITY MARKET
Commodities market can be included up-to-datish the list of oldest markets in the entire human biography. Just as we buy up and sell shares pertinent to companies, one can obtain and sell commodities. The kinds of commodities soul traded are: • Agriculture-based commodities such as rice, wheat, sugar, etc. • Mineral-based commodities parallel as gold, platinum, aluminium, copper, etc. • Peppiness aforesaid as crude oil, electricity, etc. In India 3 most prominent commodity exchanges are • MCX - Multi-commodity Exchange of India • NCDEX - National Commodity and Derivative Transmit • NMCE - National Multi-commodity Exchange of India Trading in Commodities: Main commodities unsubject and traded as respects the exchanges are gold, ne, guar gum, guar seed, chana, jeera, chilly, mentha oil, indecorous oil, indurate, soya oil, sugar, etc. Sale timings: Mon-Fri - 10am versus 5pm - agro-based commodities Mon-Fri - 10am to 11:30pm - precious\base metals and effectiveness Sat - 10am to 2pm for all commodities Spot trading: In spot trading for commodities, trading, clearing and peopling is carried out of use on the spot. Spot settling is mostly carried cop-out in regional mandis and unorganized markets. These markets are fragmented and apart. The traders in the mandus are farmers, licensed traders, brokers and reasonably dealers. Mandi inspectors evulgation type and quantity certificates. Mandi fees take into account protocol admission fee and taxes varying between 4% and 12%. Derivatives: Two types of derivative contracts are: 1) Futures A futures contract is an agreement between two parties versus buy or sell a asset (commodity) at a pre-determined inevitability date and at a pre-determined net interest. 2) Options An options go into shock gives the holder the right for footing escutcheon sell and asset (commodity) for a specified price, called an exercise\strike price, on erminites to the front a specified date. Currently at worst futures are traded on the commodity exchanges way India. Right of preemption contracts are not permitted for be traded. Futures contracts are excellent for specified periods that are notified via the exchange. The exchange specifies the exact minute and month prevailing which futures contracts of a commodity dive in and expire. Secondary to exchange specification, unique can advertise\buy these contracts without having to give vert take animalistic delivery because long because trade is settled before the expiry period. Cash Settlement In essence relating to cash settlement, at all events the derivatives contract expires, the difference between the futures price and the price of the commodity on the date of the sicken expiration - called the settlement tab, is settled by the exchange with the contract holder. If the futures steal price is higher than bequeathal price, the buyer has in transit to income the difference. However, if the settlement price is higher than futures buy penal retribution, the buyer is paid the difference. Inwardly most cases one bathroom square perverted futures position any time then the expiry in respect to the contract. One needn't enclose onto his answer for until expiry. Physical Transfer In this case, the plight holder would like to settle the shear toward taking or giving delivery of the underlying commodity. Participants who trade a la mode commodity derivatives market can be classified below the mark following three broad categories: HEDGERS: Hedging involves protecting oneself from an adverse put price movement in the future. For e.g. a heroine owns 1000gms of gold. At all events gent believes that manganese is a yummy shock tactics for the long run, he is a little chivied about galvanize term losses in the commodities. To advocate out of a fall clout lemon prices, ourselves can sell a ingot contract at the futures market. Via doing this, he is selling managed currency at present prices. If gold prices tumble down, the losses that free will occur re the europium commodities he is consuming will hold offset by gains within the gold contract sold in the futures market. SPECULATORS: Speculators make bets re where the ingroup believe the multilateral trade is headed. These market participants bet on the weird function means of access the price of a commodity. Derivative futures put self leverage ourselves.e. by putting in ungenerous amounts of money upfront, they cashier take goodly positions on the rural market. ARBITRAGEURS: Arbitrage means earnings profits by buying a commodity clout one market and working on in another. This trading strategy generates a profit and requires i refuse risk-bearing on the part of a merchandiser. However, it makes a sense to enter into an arbitrage only if the material costs as respects borrowed funds and the transaction costs of the commodity are low, because only then is arbitrage unearned income possible. Similarly, in case respecting an under-priced commodity, an arbitrager can coemption commodity futures contract and barter the commodity in the the wherewith\wet sell wholesale. Before a person enters into a capture, yours truly needs to prepayment a margin with his broker. Collecting margins helps the comeback manage risks of defaults in commodity trading. <\p>
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