SAP and Stuff

There is a ditinction between external (PUBLIC) and internal (PROTECTED and PRIVATE) classes. A consumer can access the public but not the private components of a class. This enables the internal implementation of a class to be changed without invalidating its consumers.

However, sometimes, classes have to work closely together and they need to access to the other's private components. Friendship makes it possible to not make these components available to all consumers at the same time.

Friends

A class can grant friendship to other classes and interfaces (and thus to all classes that implement this interface).

Addition: FRIENDS Statement CLASS ... DEFINITION Specify: all classes and interfaces to which friendship is to be granted. Permissions: private compoenents, READ-ONLY components and can always create instances of this class regardless of the addition CREATE of the statement CLASS.

Note

Be careful when granting a global interface friendship. Each class that implements the interface becomes a friend of the class granting the friendship. If a global interface is used, the extent of this friendship should be limited using the package concept.

Friendship is unilateral

If A grants friendship to B. And B grants friendship to C. C does not automatically gain friendhip of A. A must grant explicit friendship to C for this.

Inheritance, Interfaces, and Friendship

If A grants friendship to B and B has subclasses, then these subclasses gain friendhip of A. This means privacy is lost for A when B has a lot of inheritance levels below it and is not recommended.

However, it is safer to grant friendship to FINAL classes.

In contrast, the subclasses of A do not become friends of B. That is, friendship cannot be inherited.

The FRIENDS Additions

1. .. FRIENDS cif1 ... cifn - any local class of a program - all classes or interfaces of the same program - classes and interfaces in the class library - local classes of a class pool can grant friendship to the global class of that class pool

2. ... GLOBAL FRIENDS cif1 ... cifn - used with global classes and is generated by Class Builder when created

3. .. LOCAL FRIENDS cif1 ... cifn - not specified when the class is declared, - but defines its own statement. - the global class can use this statement to grant friendship to the local classes and interfaces of its own class pool CLASS ... DEFINITION LOCAL FRIENDS cif1 ... cifn. is entered directly in the include program for defining local classes and interfaces.

Source:

1. Run transaction /n/iwfnd/v4_admin

2.

3.

4. Select the required service.

5.

1. opensap

2. Oen HPI

1. Move-corresponding for tables

Link:

Only three technical actions

fetch

rebase

rebase

pull = f + r

Three types of code

1- remote

2-local staged

3- local unstaged

create a new local repo

create a new remote repo

stage all changes - git pane

commit all changes - git pane

push changes to newly created repo

Adapter for existing application

Values can be converted to internal format from external format and vice versa using the below sytax.

Reference: https://blogs.sap.com/2015/10/25/abap-740-quick-reference/

III. Width/Alignment/Padding

WRITE / |{ ‘Left’     WIDTH = 20 ALIGN = LEFT   PAD = ‘0’ }|. WRITE / |{ ‘Centre’   WIDTH = 20 ALIGN = CENTER PAD = ‘0’ }|. WRITE / |{ ‘Right’    WIDTH = 20 ALIGN = RIGHT  PAD = ‘0’ }|.

IV. Case

WRITE / |{ ‘Text’ CASE = (cl_abap_format=>c_raw) }|. WRITE / |{ ‘Text’ CASE = (cl_abap_format=>c_upper) }|. WRITE / |{ ‘Text’ CASE = (cl_abap_format=>c_lower) }|.

V. ALPHA conversion

DATA(lv_vbeln) = ‘0000012345’. WRITE / |{ lv_vbeln  ALPHA = OUT }|.     “or use ALPHA = IN to go in other direction

VI. Date conversion

Resource:

When encountering following error on workflow instance:

"The login credentials given in destination 'bpmworkflowruntime_mail' are missing or incomplete. Maintain user and password in the properties 'mail.user' and 'mail.password'."

Go to the SAP BTP Cockpit -> Connectivity -> Deatinations -> bpmworkflowruntime_mail

Additional properties need to be configured.

Another point to note

Secure communication with STARTTLS is disabled or optional in destination 'bpmworkflowruntime_mail'. Enable and require STARTTLS to send mail through encrypted channels by setting properties 'mail.smtp.starttls.enable' and 'mail.smtp.starttls.required' to 'true'.

Next error message

No host is given in destination 'bpmworkflowruntime_mail'. Provide the host name of the mail server in property 'mail.smtp.host'.

Error message: