Lili5-Lil0

https://www.tudorsociety.com/tomb-mary-queen-scots/

ART WORK 9 Title of Artwork: Mary Stuart James Circa: 1583 Artist: Unknown Medium: Unknown Current Location: Blair Castle, Scotland Thought to be commissioned by Queen Mary while she was in England, this picture depicts her and her son, James VI of whom she hadn't seen since he was a child.  knowing this, it is clear that Mary did not pose with her son for this portrait but rather the artist was told to infer as to James's features.  Dated a few years before Mary was executed, it is one of the only portraits from her time that depict her with her son.  The royal crown, placed between Mary and James seems to indicate either the passing of the crown from mother to son or the sharing of the crown between the two, something that was proposed by Mary but dismissed by her son. Resources: http://tudorhistory.org/people/maryQOS/gallery.html https://blair-castle.co.uk/scottish-highland-castle/the-castle/inside-the-castle/

ART WORK 8 Title of Artwork: The Memorial of Lord Darnley Circa: 1567 Artist: Livinus de Vogelaare Medium: Oil on canvas Current Location: Palace of Holyroodhouse (Royal Collection Trust) This painting, commissioned by Lord Darnley's parents, Earl and Countess of Lennox, depicts the funeral of Lord Darnley, Mary Queen of Scots's second husband alongside his parents, brother and Mary and Darnley's son, James VI of Scotland.  Pictured on the tomb of Lord Darnley are images of his murder and Mary's surrender to the supporters of the Lennox family.   This panting is important to the understanding of Mary's life because it depicts the accusations by her second set of in-laws of her association with the murder of her second husband, and association with the main suspect, Earl of Bothwell.  Mary married the Earl of Bothwell a few months after the mysterious death of Lord Darnley, heightening the popular belief that she had conspired to kill him.   Resources: https://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/401230/the-memorial-of-lord-darnley 

ART WORK 7 Patronage: The Howff Burial Ground Circa: 1564 Location: Dundee City, Scotland While Mary, Queen of Scots did not create the graveyard, in December of 1564 she gave the land to the town of Dundee for use of burying the dead due to the overwhelming number of them caused by England's invasion.  This act of patronage is a good example of the things that Mary, Queen of Scots did during her rule.   Resources: http://www.fdca.org.uk/Howff_History.html https://www.eveningtelegraph.co.uk/fp/new-300k-restaurant-overlook-dundees-historic-howff-cemetery/ https://www.darkdundee.co.uk/archive/dundee-landmarks/the-howff/

http://coastconfan.blogspot.com/2011/11/skull-watches-part-two.html

https://archive.org/details/historicallitera00smituoft

ART WORK 4 Title of Artwork: Mary, Queen of Scots Circa: 1700's recreation of a casting from between 1568-1585 Artist: Originally forged by Jacopo Primavera Medium: Copper Current Location: National Portrait Gallery, London This medal was most likely created to commemorate the life of Mary, Queen of Scots in France as the artist, Jacopo Primavera was most likely practiced in France.  This piece may have been commissioned by the French royal family to show support of Mary while she was held captive in both Scotland and England.  The medallion shown below is a copy currently residing in the National Portrait Gallery of London and was created in the 18th century.  The engraving along the top mentions Mary as being Sovereign Regent in Scotland at the time.  This could allude to the idea of France not recognizing Mary's forced abdication in 1567 as valid.  However, because the background of this particular medal is unknown to modern historians, the real reason for the medallion's creation is unknown.   Resources: https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw04275/Mary-Queen-of-Scots?LinkID=mp02996&role=sit&rNo=3

ART WORK 3 Title of Artwork: Mary, Queen of Scots Circa: 1550-1620 Artist: Unknown Medium: Line engraving Current Location: National Portrait Gallery of London This engraving depicts a portrait of Mary with the text "Mary Stuart Queen of France and Scotland" around her and the writing below the image translates roughly to "a commemoration of the beautiful Queen Mary who suffered great misfortunes and her legacy".  This portrait depicts an older Mary and was most likely made after she left France. Resources: https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw130385

ART WORK 2 Title of Artwork: Mary, Queen of Scots in White Mourning Circa: 1800's replica of an image made in 1561 Artist: Unknown Medium: Oil on panel Current Location: Scottish National Portrait Gallery This painting originally created in 1561 depicts a young Mary, Queen of Scots and France in white mourning clothes after the death of her father-in-law, mother and first husband, Francis II, King of France.  Most likely commissioned by Mary herself, the portrait depicts Mary's inconsolable sadness after the deaths of three important family members.  Shortly after this painting was created, Mary returned to Scotland to rule, having no reason to stay abroad any longer.   Resources: https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/3220/mary-queen-scots-1542-1587-reigned-1542-1567-white-mourning

ART WORK 1 Title: Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-87) Circa: 1558 Artist: François Clouet Medium: Water colour on Vellum Current Location: Royal Collection Trust in Great Britain The piece below is a miniature portrait of Mary Stuart commissioned by the French royal family around 1558 in commemoration of Mary's marriage to Francis II, Dauphin of France.  François Clouet was a well known artist in France known for his paintings of the French Royal family and often praised for his attention to detail.  The painting features a young Mary, around sixteen years old placing a ring on the fourth finger of her right hand which signifies her marriage.  The bright blue background makes her red hair and dress stand out and draws the viewer's eye to her beautiful face for which she was famous for. Resources: https://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/search#/2/collection/401229/mary-queen-of-scots-1542-87

Mary Queen of Scots, born Mary Stuart in 1542 to James V of Scotland and Marie de Guise, was the only legitimate heir to the Scottish throne.  Six days after her birth, her father, King James V died and she was crowned queen of Scotland from nine months old until her forced abdication in 1567 and lived as prisoner in England until her execution for treason in 1587. Queen Mary spent most of her childhood in France where she was married to the French Dauphin Francis in 1558.  She was crowned Queen of France in 1559 but returned to Scotland after her mother and husband's deaths in 1560.  Shortly thereafter she married her cousin, Lord Darnley who was found murdered, supposedly by her hand, in his garden two years later, after the birth of her only child, James VI. In 1568, Mary escaped imprisonment in Scotland and fled to England for protection where she was then imprisoned for the remainder of her life by her cousin, Elizabeth I of England.   Despite her tragic history and disconnect between her country and herself, Mary Stuart was a valued patron of the arts in both France and Scotland.  She commissioned many works of art mostly consisting of public entities and gifts for her close friends.  Her Catholic faith was a very important aspect of the art commissioned by her with a focus in using these works to signal her compassion for her countries.  In modern day, Mary Stuart is not well known for her patronage but rather her tragic history and lasting legacy as the Queen who tried to unite France, Scotland and England.  Many of the things that Mary had commissioned for others incorporate motifs of Love and Death or are otherwise associated with the two. In this digital art exhibition you will encounter art work of Mary and her family from throughout her life as well as works commissioned by them for close friends.  Overall, these artworks create a general picture of how Mary lived and how she is perceived as well as what was important to her.  

Marbella, Day 5: Today wasn't the most productive. We got up to watch the game at noon at Marbella Football Center, so we had a fairly early breakfast at the same nearby cafe, where I had toast with tomato and oil, some orange juice and a coffee (all that for 2.20€-- and the waiter wonders why we keep coming back). We waited for the bus and took the bus to town center where we got some snack/food to eat. We figured out a way to the center that saved almost 15 minutes (because the walking route requires one to go almost all the way around the football center) that involved sliding down a slope and hopping over a stream and climbing up the other side-- we made it, with a bit of help (on the way back) from a walking stick. Once we got to the center, we were still almost an hour early, so we sat and had lunch-- I had a hamburger from the concession stand, which was not like a normal burger (it was on a baguette like piece of bread and tasted different). It was the semi-finals, and they were up against a local team (I think it was Marbella** actually). They ended up winning something like 4-1 and advanced to the finals, which are being played tomorrow at 12:30 (against a team from Portugal). We got back from the game and took a nap and had take out much later on from an Italian place that I think was called Da Vinci: we had pizza and spaghetti. Overall, it was a good day, and we are going to an actual stadium tomorrow to watch the finals at 12:30.

Marbella, Day 4: I'd say that we did a good amount today: we woke up a bit early (around 9-9:30) and grabbed breakfast at a small cafe (that we had eaten at a couple of days ago). I had toast with tomato and oil, with orange juice and a coffee (for 2.20€-- which is the main reason why we went back to that small cafe). After breakfast, we tried to figure out the bus system, which (even with google maps) took quite some confusion and research. We got to a fairly quiet part of town and got off the bus, where we tried to find a place to eat lunch, but every other place we came aciross was either closed or didn't have any substantial lunch food. Finally, we found a bar/restaurant, and I had a plate of spaghetti bolognese*. We called a taxi, but it wasn't made clear where we were supposed to meet the taxi.. so we ended up walking 30 minutes, and we were late to the soccer game (for the iber cup/tournament). We got there a bit before halftime, sat through the rest of the game, and got a ride home from one of the parents we knew. Once we got back to the hotel, we mostly just napped until dinnertime. I had pasta bolognese* this time for a fairly late dinner (such a big difference I know). Overall, it was a nice day, and I was quite content with the amounts of spaghetti and pasta.

Marbella, Day 3: Today, I had half of the day to myself, so I got up around 9:30 and headed out just before 10. I had breakfast at a small place just across from the hotel and ordered a churro (since it was basically the only food item they had for the morning), and it was a lot of food.. it was a lot of oil too especially for that early in the morning, and I wasn't able to finish it, so i brought back the leftovers to the hotel. Then, I left for the beach, walked along the water, and lay out for a bit, until around 12:30. Afterwards, I went back to the place we had eaten lunch yesterday and had fried rice for lunch (since I'm not very original and always appreciate fried rice). I went back to the hotel and ended up taking a nap-- a siesta if you will-- and woke up in the evening and went to watch a soccer game, which we ended up being late to (we got there around halftime-- after a lot of walking). I sort of wish I had bought a skateboard or something in Barcelona with the anount of walking we've done not only today but also the rest of the trip. Overall, today was a pretty good day: I went to the beach (and I also discovered that apparently we are in the old part of the city-- hopefully we'll do some more exploring tomorrow).

Marbella, Day 2: Unfortunately, I don't have any new pictures, so this is also a picture from yesterday (but don't worry it's still in Marbella). Today was a fairly laidback day; we spent the majority of the day at the beach and in little shops all along the small streets. We got up around 9:30-10 and left to have breakfast at one of the many restaurants in the area. I had a simple ham sandwich (from the small place where we had gotten churros from), then we left for the beach. Since we headed out just after breakfast, it was still morning, and the beach didn't have very many people. We spent a good amount of time on the beach (I think we stayed out there until 1) and had lunch at a restaurant called something along the lines of hong kong restaurant (we really need to stop eating all this chinese food). Also, this is mainly just a beach town; I'm not sure there's nuch else besides the beach and little shops and restaurants around here. We may need to look up more places to visit that are in this area. We went to a place on the beach for dinner called La Red, and it was really good (and extremely filling). We had paella(s) and were barely able to finish. Overall-- a good day, with lots of sun and with quite good food.