What In Python3 @get-python - Tumblr Blog

Python setup on Mac OS

By default, python2 installed.

$ ls /usr/bin/py* /usr/bin/pydoc /usr/bin/pydoc2.7 /usr/bin/python-config /usr/bin/python2.6-config /usr/bin/python2.7-config /usr/bin/pythonw2.6 /usr/bin/pydoc2.6 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/pythonw /usr/bin/pythonw2.7

How to check the version?

$ python --version

If you're new to python, "anaconda" is suggested to you to installed. Because it contains lots of useful libraries.

https://www.anaconda.com/download/#macos

Here, I use the command line to install Anaconda3. Because I'd like to use python3.

$ bash Anaconda3-5.1.0-MacOSX-x86_64.sh

After anaconda installed..add your anaconda bin path to PATH environment

export PATH=~/anaconda2/bin:$PATH

Create a environment with python3.6. If there's no python3.6 installed, conda could help download.

$ conda create --name test_py3 python=3.6

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head in HTML

This post has less relationship with Python.

But I’m studying how to design a web by Django.. so.. just noted by hand!

REF: w3schools-html_head

<head>

For the HTML metadata: data about HTML document. Not displayed.

metadata: <title>, <style>, <meta>, <link>, <script>, and <base>

<title> : web page title

<base> : specify the base URL and base target for all relative URLs in a page

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Page Title</title> </head> <body> The content of the document...... </body> </html>

#html #head

__init__.py

Reference: the book - Chapter 5 of Introducing Python

If the folder contains __init__.py file, Python would treat it as a package.

For this example, sources is a pacakge and it contains the two modules: daily and weekly.

An example to use the package you created:

Main program: boxes/weather.py.

from sources import daily, weekly print("Daily forecast:", daily.forecast()) print("Weekly forecast:") for number, outlook in enumerate(weekly.forecast(), 1): print(number, outlook)

#python #package #__init__

if __name__ == "__main__"

If I am the first one to execute, then I should be a man! Do the things main should do!

Let’s understand by coding:

(myflask) [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ cat boy.py def clean(): print("I'm a boy. I'm cleaning.."); if __name__ == "__main__": print("I'm a boy. I'm also a main!"); (myflask) [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ cat mom.py import boy boy.clean(); if __name__ == "__main__": print("I'm a mom. I'm also a main!"); (myflask) [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ python boy.py I'm a boy. I'm also a main! (myflask) [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ python mom.py I'm a boy. I'm cleaning.. I'm a mom. I'm also a main!

Reference: main

#python

Virtual environment

virtualenv is a tool to create isolated Python environment.

We can create a virtual environment for a project with virtualenv. So the packages which the project needs doesn't break others. We can also dump the dependent packages for a project in the virtual environment.

virtualenv是一個可以建立Python虛擬環境的工具，我們可以為每個project建立各自的虛擬環境。讓各個project所需的packaged可以各自獨立，而不影響其他project的開發及測試。當project開發完成後，再把所需的packages從虛擬環境中倒出來。

How to create a virtual environment

[y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ virtualenv myflask Using base prefix '/Users/xxxxx/anaconda' New python executable in /Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test/myflask/bin/python dyld: Library not loaded: @rpath/libpython3.6m.dylib Referenced from: /Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test/myflask/bin/python Reason: image not found ERROR: The executable /Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test/myflask/bin/python is not functioning ERROR: It thinks sys.prefix is '/Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test' (should be '/Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test/myflask') ERROR: virtualenv is not compatible with this system or executable

Because I've installed Anaconda Python and that virtualenv is not compatible with Anaconda Python. What we need to do is to uninstall it and then install virtualenv with the Anaconda Distribution. You also can follow this to create virtual environments with conda.

[y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ pip uninstall virtualenv [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ conda install virtualenv

You need to delete the failed one env folder, and then create it again.

[y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ rm -rf myflask/ [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ virtualenv myflask Using base prefix '/Users/xxxxx/anaconda' New python executable in /Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test/myflask/bin/python copying /Users/xxxxx/anaconda/bin/python => /Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test/myflask/bin/python copying /Users/xxxxx/anaconda/bin/../lib/libpython3.6m.dylib => /Users/xxxxx/git/flask_test/myflask/lib/libpython3.6m.dylib Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done. [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ ls myflask

After your environment foler created, you need to activate the environment.

[y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ source myflask/bin/ activate activate.fish easy_install pip pip3.6 python-config python3.6 activate.csh activate_this.py easy_install-3.6 pip3 python python3 wheel [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ source myflask/bin/activate (myflask) [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$

Use deactivate to leave the virtual environment.

(myflask) [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$ deactivate [y@Y!MAC:flask_test]$

#python #virtualenv