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the first trio: fire, fire, & ice

polaroid instant cameras from 1943-1999

1943

On February 21st, Land presents the first demonstration of the instant camera, and wows the audience at the Optical Society of America meeting.

1948

On November 26, 1948, the first Land camera was sold for $89.95 at Jordan Marsh department store in Boston, Massachusetts. The Model 95 Land camera becomes the prototype for all Polaroid Land cameras produced during next 15 years.

1. L for Caerleon.

He used to hate his name. Caerleon stood for legion. But Caerleon also stood for a battle site. It was too apt; these warring ideologies threatened to tear him into indistinguishable pieces.

2. L for Ill-fitting. 

He wasn’t a girl. But he liked dresses, and fashion, and looking pretty. He liked sewing clothes and braiding hair.

But he wasn’t a boy, either. But he liked bowties and suits. He liked pursuing rationality.

He was neither of those, but he liked hobbies and objects traditionally considered feminine. But he wasn’t a girl. But he wasn’t a boy.

Irish guy here. In response to someone’s post I’d written a short list of traits to help with writing Irish-sounding English dialogue. I thought I’d post it here as a reference. It might also help people who want to write fantasy dialogue that sounds suitably ‘old world’ compared to modern American vernacular.

Edit: this post describes Republic of Ireland English rather than Northern Ireland English, which is its own unique thing with less Gaelic influence that would require a whole other post i'm not qualified to write.

Irish people tend not to respond to questions with 'yes' or 'no'. This is because there are no words that translate directly as yes or no in the Irish language. 'Tá' and 'Níl' mean 'it/there is' and 'it/there isn't.'

So even though English is Irish people's primary language, we tend to answer questions like this:

Are you hungry? 'I am'

Is it broken? 'it isn't.'

Will she be arriving? 'She will.'

In irish we don't have a verb 'to have.' You don't describe yourself as owning anything. Things are simply present alongside you. Instead possession is described like 'there is a' + 'noun' + 'word that translates as 'with me' or 'on me' or 'in me'.' Example construction: There is a bellyache in me, rather than I have a bellyache.

In english this phrasing get combined with the verb 'have'.

I have a bus ticket, becomes 'I have a bus ticket with me'

He's drunk, becomes 'he has drink in him.'

She has bright eyes, becomes 'she has bright eyes on her.'

When something happens to your possessions, there’s still two identifiers of possession in the form of ‘my’ and ‘on me’

‘My car broke on me.’

‘Her dinner’s gone cold on her.’

'His kid's been acting up on him.'

Actually, just think of how doctors in films say ‘don’t die on me’, but apply it to everything.

When you do 'action x' to 'thing y' in irish, you're not carrying out 'action x'. Instead you're bringing 'thing y' to a state where 'action x' has been done to it. For example:

I've eaten a cake, becomes 'I've a cake eaten.'

You didn't eat that cake, instead you brought the cake to a state where it has been eaten. This applies to lots of things. 'I've my hands washed, a book read, a delivery ordered.' it even applies to things you do to yourself:

I broke my arm, becomes 'I have my arm broken.'

When talking about the past, had or has gets replaced by 'after'.

She has fixed the problem, becomes 'She's after fixing the problem.'

I had my meeting, becomes 'I'm after my meeting.'

Any gets replaced by at all. Sometimes duplicated to form 'at all at all'

Do you have any apples? becomes 'do you have apples at all at all?'

Ye is used as a plural you

Are you all not finished? becomes 'are ye all not finished?'

Were you alone or in company? becomes 'was it all of ye or just yourself?'

Himself/herself often takes the place of him/her, or even he/she in some cases

I asked him about that, becomes 'I asked himself about that'

Here she is, becomes 'Here's herself.'

And what about you? becomes 'And what about yourself?'

Irish people tend to drop the word 'if' in certain cases.

I don't know if it will work, becomes 'I don't know will it work.'

He asked me if I knew her, becomes 'He asked did I know her.'

Irish people tend to drop the 'to' out of many phrases.

I'm not allowed to see her, becomes 'I'm not allowed see her.'

He's gone down to the shops, becomes 'He's gone down the shops.'

In Irish 'take' is not a synonym for 'bring'. 'Take' means to snatch or remove something. There's a stronger emphasis on possession changing between people so it doesn't apply if you're just carrying your own possession somewhere new.

I took my coat with me, so would become 'I brang my coat with me.'

'brang' is commonly used as a past form of bring in place of brought.

On that point, 'dove' is used as past tense of dive instead of dived. This dove rhymes with cove, not love.

'The plumber brang his tools and dove right in.'

Irish is similar to african american vernacular in that there are two present tenses. One for things that are currently true at the moment, and another for things that are generally true but not necessarily happening right now at the time of speaking.

Where a black american person might say 'I be working', an irish person will say 'I do be working,' typically contracted to form 'I d'be working.'

So the concept of 'He is known to sometimes or often tells lies, but I am not claiming he is currently lying in this present moment' is handily conveyed in the short phrase 'He d'be telling lies.'

Irish people tend to attach words to the end of sentences, such as 'now' 'so' and 'sure.'

'There we go now'

'That's fine so'

'there she is sure'

Now conveys no extra meaning and is just used for emphasis.

'You've ruined it now.'

So is used as an article of agreement in place of 'then'.

'Oh we'll just do that so,' in place of 'Oh we'll just do that then.'

Sure is used for something that should be self evident or obvious.

'I'm holding it now sure.'

The Irish sorry:

Irish people frequently pepper conversations with the word sorry. In my experience this eccentricity seems to confuse non irish listeners more than anything else. Hearing sorry all the time, it can sound like irish people are constantly misinterpreting what you say as a criticism or admonishment. But saying sorry is just a casual way of being polite.

Our little sorries are invisible to irish people. We don't fully register they're there when we listen or speak. It’s our way of smoothing social interactions and we don’t mean them as literal apologies.

For example: You can be arguing with an irish person about how they refuse to apologize and take responsibility for something, then ask them for a pen so you can write their details to report them, and as they hand it to you they’ll say ‘oh sorry just a sec. Sorry there it is,' before they go right back to arguing that they don't owe you an apology. But the sorries aren’t sarcastic. It’s just a pleasant little norm for people to show empathy with minor things like you not already having a pen. You poor thing. Blame that verbal tick on catholic guilt maybe.

Another piece of subconscious politeness. Irish people tend to avoid explicitly referring to themselves when asking for something. Instead of me or I, ‘us’ or ‘we’ is used. I.e., ‘Give us two loaves of bread/ Can we get two loaves of bread.’

I now realize this sort of makes irish people sound like Smeagol/Gollum.

When recounting past conversations, irish people will reverse the order of ‘X said’ statements. As in:

‘Look over here, says he. Look where? says I. Here in my hand, says he.’

Note how says is present tense though the story takes place in the past. This is more common with older generations and rural people. You wouldn’t hear a young urban person talk like this unless they were being ironic.

It's also common for irish people to phrase definite statements as rhetorical questions.

That won't work, becomes 'that'll work so will it?'

She's superb at it, becomes 'Isn't she superb at it?'

I was late and he scolded me and I got the day off, becomes 'Sure wasn't I late and didn't he scold me and didn't I get the day off?'

Interestingly, unlike most languages Irish did not originally have a greeting that made reference to god or gods. This concerned the catholic church, and so they imposed the phrase 'Dia Duit', which means 'God with you.' Dia duit is now the standard greeting used in Irish. We don't know what the original hello was, since literacy arrived in ireland with christianity in 432 AD, replacing the ogham lettering system which had been primarily used to mark names on graves. Some believe the original hello was a form of 'Nach tú,' which means 'is it not yourself?' Which is kind of funny when you consider the irish tendency to phrase things as questions might once have extended to kicking off every conversation by asking one another whether or not they're themselves.

'Ah, is it not yourself?'

'It is, and is it not yourself also?'

Aerial From a plane, helicopter, balloon or other airborne device.

Adventure, Action Adventure sports, daring feats, etc.

Amateur Any type of photography practiced by non-professionals.

Animal, Pet Pets and their relationships with humans. Note that the human content is often as important as the animal.

Architecture, Real Estate The art of making property appear attractive. Often involves panoramic photography.

Artistic Photography in which creative composition is the goal.

Astrophotography Space photography, through a telescope.

Aura A controversial type of photography which some claim can photograph a person's aura. Often confused with Kirlian photography.

Black & White Not simply photography without colour, black and white photography explores shapes, tones and textures. Shadows and highlights become much more important.

Camera Phone "Convenience" photography using a mobile phone's built-in camera. While not the best quality, camera phones have opened a new world of spontaneous, on-the-spot photo opportunities.

Commercial Product shots, advertising, etc.

Digiscoping Photography through a telescope or binoculars.

Documentary Journalism, Events, Historical, Political, etc.

Event Concerts, parties, festivals, weddings, etc.

Forensic Police and legal photography.

Infrared Photography in which the recording medium is sensitive to infrared light rather than the normal visible light spectrum.

Large Format For use on posters, billboards, etc.

Kirlian A type of contact print photography in which an object touching a photographic plate is connected to a high voltage source, creating an aura-like image. Often confused with aura photography.

Macro The art of photographing very small and/or close-up objects.

Medical Specialized photography for clinical purposes, i.e. to help reveal and diagnose illness.

Microscopic Any technique for photographing objects too small to be visible to humans.

Modeling Photographing objects to be converted into 3D models.

Nature Landscapes, animals, plants, sea, etc.

Night Any technique used to capture images at night. Often includes infrared photography.

Panoramic Views of wide areas, up to complete 360° panoramas.

Paranormal Ghosts, unexplained phenomena, etc.

People Candid, Family, Fashion, Glamour, Passports & Visas, Portrait, Pregnancy, School, Sports, Wedding

Pinhole Uses the most basic type of camera possible — a box with a tiny hole to let light in.

Scenic Landscape, Cityscape

Satellite Views of Earth from orbit.

Scientific Any specialized photography used for scientific endeavour, e.g. electron microscopy photographs, medical photography, astrophotography, etc.

Sports The specialized art of shooting people engaged in sports, games and adventure activities.

Stereoscopic (3-D) Involves taking two photos simultaneously to simulate 3-D vision.

Stock Photographs taken for distribution to other people, for use in their projects. These photos tend to be quite generic, e.g. people working, landscapes, places, etc.

Time-lapse Photographs with a very long exposure, used to illustrate something happening over time. A popular example is a street at night with car lights blurred into long lines.

Travel Photography to showcase locations, illustrate travel literature, etc.

Ultraviolet Photography in which the recording medium is sensitive to ultraviolet light rather than the normal visible light spectrum.

Urban, Industrial Emphasizing urban environments.

Separation anxiety disorder is a mental health condition that involves intense and excessive anxiety and fear of being separated from a loved one or ones. The distress experienced by people who are struggling with this disorder often causes a great deal of disruption in their lives and an overall decline in daily functioning. Examples of fears that trigger this form of anxiety can include:

The possibility of being separated from a loved one

Ongoing worry that a loved one may suddenly die

Panic that a loved one will get lost

Concern that a loved one will be kidnapped

Trepidation that a loved one will get hurt

Anxiety that a loved one will become ill

d. sable \ r. le roi \ y. dechavez \ w. sable-vaelbe \ n. allares \ r. winter-stormheart \ c. stormheart \ l. azuriah \ h. sato \ n. dela luna \ u. dela luna