The individual who understands transformism can escape identity, understanding that the distinctions between things are fluid and nothing ever does perfectly conform to any distinct model. Escaping identity means escaping from conformity to a model. In Guo Xiang’s commentary of the Zhuangzi, the ‘self’ is taken to refer to a false notion of our identity. For the true self Guo typically uses a particular word, zi 自, which has an unusual grammatical character: it also means ‘self’, but it can be read as an adverb rather than a noun, meaning ‘spontaneously’. Thus, Guo could be suggesting that the true self is not a thing at all, but a kind of spirit of spontaneity. All other kinds of self are what he calls ji 跡, or ‘traces’. Ji 跡 literally means ‘footprints’, meaning models to be imitated – ideas of the various identities that we could potentially give ourselves.
Alexander Douglas, Against Identity: The Wisdom of Escaping the Self















