the planted word

Book Titling FAQ

This post will mainly refer to novels and their nitty gritties, but a lot of this can also be applied toward short stories, novellas, poems and poetry collections, films, and the likes).

First Thing: What Does a Title Need to Do?

That depends on a lot of things. The listed things below are not always required but are typically all considered. You know your story best and what you intend on doing with it, so trim the list accordingly.

A title should…

represent the story, themes, and purpose as a whole

be marketable and easy to pitch

NOT resemble titles of other works in your genre

NOT be the exact same as another work, regardless of genre and medium (although some creator’s have proven otherwise; trust your instincts)

be easy to say and remember for an average joe when they bring it up in conversation

reflect your genre, sub-genre(s), and overall tone

make you feel proud to say and mention to others

get to the point

be interesting and raise questions or create mystique for someone unfamiliar (right between super-vague and super-specific)

be able to reach a wide audience

Are There Any Contingents?

Yes, both good and bad.

The Bad: If you are traditionally publishing, your publisher has the final say on the title. I know a lot of us have heard this scary statement, but I did some digging and found out some key things on this.

Yes, it is 100% true; a publisher has the final say. However, it doesn’t seem to be common practice and it’s not done without reason. A good publisher isn’t changing the title because they have their own good idea. When a good publisher changes the title, it’s because these industry professionals (who NEED your book to sell well) feel as if you have done a disservice to your book’s marketability with its original title. 

The most common reasons I could find for a publisher changing the title were:

It was too long

I’m not talking The Knife of Never Letting Go or Are All My Friends Hanging Out Without Me? long. I’m talking very wordy compound sentences long. Said-In-Two-Breaths long.

It was too specific and narrowed down potential readers

Furiously Happy by Jenny Lawson appeals to many kinds of non-fic readers; The Roller Coaster of Emotions of a Mentally Ill Blogger by Jenny Lawson, although a funny title (and I love that book), narrows down that broad potential readership

You have to hook ‘em before they know what hit ‘em

It was too similar to another work

Either too similar to another work within the genre, too similar to another work within their publishing canon, too similar to another work coming out at the same time, too similar to a famous work, or just too similar to another work in general 

tl;dr: If you think you have a strong, unique, and effective title, chances are you’ll be able to keep it.

The Good: You could be off the hook for a lot of the “necessary” things for a good publishing title if you’re not publishing on a wider scale. If you’re posting on tumblr, Wattpad, AO3, et al. or you aren’t publishing for the public AND you care more about the title meaning than the “marketability”, than you are good to go. There’s no shame in publishing work for your own fun and not for a “bigger goal”. Plus, if you decide to aim for a bigger goal, you can always tweak the title. 

The Extra Good: There are opportunities to create nuanced titles all the time that don’t follow any “rule” listed in the first question. And even if they aren’t nuanced, IT’S ART! Do what you want! The advice here is simply to guide writers who want to focus on what makes a good title within a market. Both quests are noble and you should choose based on your story and your goal. 

The Extra EXTRA Good: A lot of leeway can be given for series installments (see below).

How Do I Know if It’s a Good Title?

A great way is to survey your friends, mentors, and writerly peers. You could give them the title your set on for feedback or you could give them a list of options for them to vote on. The purpose isn’t to let them decide if your title is bad or to choose which title, but for you to get feedback to use how you want. Sometimes I throw in filler titles that I come up with off the cuff and THEY are the ones who get chosen. Feedback is just food for thought.

Another way is to research published titles in the same genre. Both to analyze overused trends, patterns, motifs, and words AND to get an idea of what gets a lot of readers interested. Of course, the cover and author and so many other variables go into a successful book, but the title is at least one facet. 

Overall, you should think about its effectiveness. Does it evoke the tone you want? As you think about plot points and themes, does the title still make sense? Would you read a book with this title? Could this title be misleading in any way?

Slow Down! How Do I Find a Title in the First Place?

First, try to make a list of potential words and phrases to include in the title. There are many ways to find these which include, but are NOT limited to:

a common motif, symbol, image, or theme in the story

a character and their name

a once-said phrase/fragment from the text

a key word, phrase, setting, or name specific to the story’s world

words you like and/or sound pretty and are applicable

words that are uncommon but pretty and applicable (i.e. latin, historical/archaic terms, etc.)

a common expression, proverb, or saying

Now, let’s do some puzzle work.

Some of your words and phrases that you have compiled are perfectly fine on their own as titles. Other may need some support. I have a post on this concept, but I’m going to put it all here and expand upon it. 

Here are some common ways author’s arrange these words/phrases into the title*:

The Long-Title Metaphor w/ Imagery 

ex. The Knife of Never Letting Go

The Short-Title Metaphor w/ Imagery

ex. Lost Stars

A Sentence Fragment

ex. And I Darken

_______’s  _______

ex. The Savior’s Champion

The Main Character(s) (No Names)

ex. The Book Thief, The Help, The Time Traveler’s Wife, Dark Disciple

The Pair of Recurrent Theme(s) 

ex. Pride and Prejudice

_________ from ________

The Execution from the Silent Valley

The Easter Egg

ex. Fahrenheit 451

(paper burns at that temp)

The Command 

ex. Fall on Your Knees, Call Me By Your Name, Tell the Wolves I’m Home

The Introduction

ex. I, the Sun

An Utterance

I Might Regret This, You Don’t Have to Say You Love Me

_________ of ________

Trail of Lightning, Evidence of the Affair, Monsters of Men

Adjective + Noun

Hillbilly Elegy, Sharp Objects

*some of these examples include titles that appear in their entirety within the text, which means the author didn’t really have to manipulate a list like yours, but I still think they’re good examples to know

How Should I Title for a Series?

For this answer’s purpose, I’ll be referring to series with interrelated stories rather than anthologies like Goosebumps.

There are two parts here: individual installments and the series as a whole.

Individual Installments:

You should look at other series of the same length and genre. Some have titles that correlate and some prioritize other things like imagery. 

* I’d also like to note that it is much easier to get away with a title that is similar/identical to another work if it is the 2nd+ installment in a series.

In fact, it’s easy to disregard most of the aforementioned “rules” for the 2nd+ installment once it’s under the umbrella of a unique first book title. You don’t have to worry about a title that will “hook” a random reader so much. You do that more with the first book. 

Here are some examples to get you started:

Dystopian trilogies

The Hunger Games, Catching Fire, Mockingjay

Divergent, Insurgent, Allegiant

Historical trilogy

And I Darken, Now I Rise, Bright We Burn

Fantasy romance trilogy

Caraval, Legendary, Finale

Dystopian romance series

Shatter Me, Unravel Me, Ignite Me, Restore Me, Defy Me, etc etc

Matched, Crossed, Reached

YA Mystery/Thriller Series

The Naturals, Killer Instinct, All In, Bad Blood

Series Names

The series’ name can take so many different forms. So, as always, I’ve got some examples for you.

The Conqueror’s Saga

Chaos Walking Trilogy

The Hunger Games Trilogy

Only example here named after the first book

Southern Reach Trilogy

The Chronicles of Narnia

Variants

Willow and Birch

Goodnight Family

Above all, an effective series name is short, unique, and memorable.

How Should I Title For an Anthology?

requested by @books_of_lunacy

An anthology, when referring to a collection of multiple books*, is when a series is comprised of stand-alone installments. It is less about a specific story or set of characters and more about broader concepts. 

All anthologies have a theme, whether it’s based off of genre or something else, and some have a specific setting (which can sub in for a theme). When you are naming an anthology, you should have its theme and/or setting nailed down. 

There are some easy words to tag onto a series title to make it clear it is an anthology.

The _______ Anthology

Stories of _______

Tales from _________

et cetera et cetera

However, you can also include the word “anthology” within the synopsis or book cover. Depending on if you traditionally publish, they will most likely try to make it very clear it is a stand-alone book and advertise it as such. In this case, you might not have to be so explicit with your series title itself.

Above all, it should still follow the guidelines of a series title and be short, unique, and memorable. 

It also helps to be more specific and denote the theme, genre, or setting at hand. This hooks a reader in just like a title does. For example, a popular TV anthology is pretty specific: American Horror Story. And while that might objectively seem too specific, subjectively, it works. It tells prospective viewers the setting, theme, and genre. Each season ( or “installment” that works like a full novel) grows more specific on the setting. “Murder House”, “Asylum”, “Roanoke”, etc. 

Now, for titling the Individual Installments

Just like an interrelated series, anthology installment titles can be coordinated or uncoordinated. It depends on your goal.

If your goal is to produce a canon of work where each book is successful upon themselves and not the anthology, title your books as you would a non-series book. The more coordinated your titles are, the more likely they are to rely upon one another for full comprehension, which alienates a reader who just wants to delve into one book. 

If your goal is to produce an anthology that is more often recognized as a whole than by single installments, coordinate your titles. This enforces the idea of “unity” between individual books within the context of the anthology. Like the AHS examples above, this could be that every installment title comes from a specification within the theme and/or setting at hand. This could be a character, place, year, etc. You could also create a prefix or suffix fragment that bookends a new title. For example, each book title could begin with “The People vs. ______” if your anthology revolves around court cases. 

Always remember your goal for the anthology and its installments. 

*some anthologies are stories within a single book. however, this was not the requested question

I Have More Questions!

to show sadness (grief, sorrow):

- sharply sucking in a breath

- hiccuping from crying so hard

- uncontrollable sobbing

- slumped shoulders, head down

- weather can be used to show emotions — not just rain, but a shining sun and birds chirping contrasts well with a grieving character

- depending on the person, sadness can result in lashing out at others for no reason or shutting everyone out

to show anger (rage, frustration)

- red face, fists clenched

- narrow eyes

- sharp comebacks, gritting teeth

- the air around them is tense

- others may be silent, ignoring whoever they’re angry at

- inhales

- angry. tears.

- kicking, punching, slapping

to show shock (hurt, confusion)

- wide, confused eyes

- freezing in place

- collapsing to their knees

- silent and blank-faced

- ignoring everything else happening around them

to show happiness (joy, delight)

- bright eyes

- crinkles around their eyes from smiling so much

- laughter!

- optimism

- playful, laid back nature

- the weight being lifted off their shoulders

- relaxed sigh

It took me forever to get the hang of starting scenes. Save yourself some time.