#t-cells

Researchers have developed an innovative dual-receptor T-cell therapy that promises safer and more effective cancer treatments. This study, published in Cell, demonstrates that engineering T-cells to express both a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) and a T-cell Receptor (TCR) can improve their ability to distinguish between cancerous and healthy tissues—addressing a major challenge in current immunotherapy. Treatments involving the use of the body's immune system to fight cancer have led to significant improvements in patient survival in recent years, particularly using a method called CAR T-cell therapy. This treatment involves extracting a patient's own T-cells and modifying them in a lab to express a special receptor called a Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that recognizes a tumor protein. These are then reinfused back into the patient, where they can find and destroy cancer cells.

Transcriptional reprogramming primes CD8+ T cells toward exhaustion in Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Significance

Attacks Evaders

Cancer cells are masters of evasion, finding innovative ways to survive treatments. Researchers now investigate why tumours return after immunotherapy, a treatment using the immune system’s killer T-cells which appear to effectively target and then kill cancer cells by injecting them with toxic granules. In a mouse cancer model, where tumours have returned after initial immunotherapy, scanning electron microscopy revealed that cancer cells hid within each other – a process called cell-in-cell formation – to avoid destruction. Exposing cancer cells from the tumours, to different immune cells in a dish revealed that killer T-cells specifically triggered cell-in-cell formation, as captured here using live-cell imaging. Injecting mice with drugs that blocked a molecular pathway activated by the killer T-cell attack before cell-in-cell formation, increased the effectiveness of subsequent immunotherapy. This reveals an important cancer mechanism for evading immunotherapy and a starting point to counter it.

Written by Lux Fatimathas

Video from work by Amit Gutwillig and colleagues

Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

Video originally published with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Published in eLife, September 2022

Credit: CC0 Public Domain A collaborative study led by the Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) has discovered a new immune checkpoint that may be exploited for cancer therapy The study shows that by inhibiting the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B in T cells, the body’s immune response to cancer can be mobilized, helping to repress tumor growth. T cells are an essential part of the…

T-Killer has so many expressions fitting Bakugou!!! I wanted to draw a lot of them XD But for now I did only this one.