HELLO TUMBLR !!! THIS IS MY NEUROANATOMY SITE IVE BEEN DEVELOPING FOR MY COLLEGE!!! TO OFFER FREE EDUCATION TO ALL !!!!

neuroanatomy.netlify.app

It will now get a bit technical, but I swear, the text gets more readable after 3 paragraphs!

ASPD is a continuation of Conduct Disorder. Clinically, Conduct Disorder is divided into Childhood Onset and Adolescence Onset. Both have distinct aetiological factors, the former closely associated with biological factors of affective cognitive functioning and physiological responses, possibly inhibiting the development of remorse, fear of punishment, and empathy, while the latter has its origin predominantly, but not exclusively, in social factors, (Daphne V Keen 2007, Silberg J, Moore AA, Rutter M 2014).

Yet, they show a very similar neurological profile and similarly impaired executive disfunctions and impulsivity as well as anti-social behavior and those with displaying anti-social behavior due a strong genetic disposition or neurological misdevelopment are always linked with abuse or neglect (Johnson VA, Kemp AH, Heard R, Lennings CJ, Hickie IB, 2015).

Furthermore, Conduct Disorder among children often leads to parental dismissal. (Paul J. Frick, Ph.D. 2024) Conduct Disorder of those with a childhood onset, often display the so-called Callous Unemotional traits (Carolina Facci 2023). This is what many lay-people mean when hey speak about "Psychopathy", the "affective" component within ASPD and Conduct Disorder (Farrah N. Golmaryami, 2021). Against some common misconceptions, these people are no less impulsive than those with adolescence conduct disorder. When we speak about the two factor model, the emotional component (factor 1) leads to the behavioral (factor 2). Factor 2 is the result of factor 1. If factor 1 does not lead to factor 2 , it is not factor 1 , but something else. In this regard, both childhood and adolescence results in the same behavior.

It is quite possible though, that the personal experience with childhood onset differs from those with adolescence onset. And maybe this also explains the accusations of misportrayal of ASPD. Someone with a less genetic early onset may have a different experience from those with an adolescence onset?

I am lucky to have met mutuals on Tumblr, two of them I really hold dear, those experience is very similar to mine. Stories we share about our childhood bear resemblences, even though the details vary. Emotional dysregulations are the same, and the advises we exchance to navigate our lives are also mutually helpful. We have similar worries and similar aspirations. You can clearly see, it is the same disorder we share.

However, all of them have a childhood onset of theri dissocial behavior. I cannot say how it is for those who aquired their anti-social traits later in life, but I can confirm that there is a shared cluster of experience between those with a childhood onset and hence, if we trust the studies, suffer from a deficit in neurological development - combined with emotional neglect and abuse. It makes me wonder, how we would have turned out f we grew up in a perfect envrionment?

Back to the question: When I speak about ASPD childhood/adolescence onset, I mean Conduct Disorder childhood/adolescence onset. Since ASPD is a continuiation of Conduct Disorder, the onset for ASPD has started either in teenagehood or childhood, depending on the factors I described in detail above.

I also read that something like an adult-onset ASPD is in discussion for those who developed anti-social traits in adulthood, but it is unclear how promising this idea is, given that a personality disorder refers to a personality presumed to persist through life. Such a drastic chance during adulthood may be something else than a personality then. But lets see how this turns out!

And if you are intersted in details about what I wrote, you can make your self a picture about that matter here. Rejoice in the sources:

Johnson VA, Kemp AH, Heard R, Lennings CJ, Hickie IB. Childhood- versus adolescent-onset antisocial youth with conduct disorder: psychiatric illness, neuropsychological and psychosocial function. PLoS One. 2015 

Silberg J, Moore AA, Rutter M. Age of onset and the subclassification of conduct/dissocial disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015

Farrah N. Golmaryami, Erin P. Vaughan, Paul J. Frick, Callous-unemotional traits and romantic relationships, Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 168, 2021

Fawcett C, Wesevich V, Truedsson E, Wåhlstedt C, Gredebäck G. Callous-unemotional traits affect adolescents' perception of collaboration. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2016

Carolina Facci, Enrico Imbimbo, Federica Stefanelli, Enrica Ciucci, Andrea Guazzini, Andrea Baroncelli, Paul J. Frick, The Social Correlates to Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Sample of High School Students, Behavior Therapy, Volume 54, Issue 3, 2023

Paul J. Frick, Ph.D, The Influence of Parenting on Callous-Unemotional Traits and the Implications for the Causes and Treatment of Conduct Disorder, American Journal of Psychiatry Volume 181, Number 4

Dark matter is one of the most fascinating mysteries of modern physics 🌌. It is an invisible form of matter that cannot be directly observed because it does not emit, absorb, or reflect light 🔭. Although we cannot detect it with ordinary telescopes, scientists are certain that it exists due to its strong gravitational influence on galaxies and the universe.

In space, stars in galaxies move in ways that cannot be explained by visible matter alone 🌠. They move much faster than expected, which suggests that an invisible "mass" is holding them all together. This invisible mass is what we call dark matter.

Dark matter does not interact with light, but it does interact with it through gravity 🪐. This makes it extremely difficult to study. Scientists believe that it makes up about 27% of the universe, while ordinary matter (such as stars, planets, and humans) only makes up about 5% 🌍.

Researchers use powerful tools like space telescopes, particle detectors, and large experiments at CERN 🔬 to search for dark matter particles. They also study galaxy clusters and cosmic radiation to find clues.

Although we still don't know what dark matter is made of, several theories suggest it could be made of unknown particles like WIMPs or axions 🧪.

Dark matter is important because it helps explain how galaxies formed and how the universe evolved over billions of years 🚀. Without it, the universe as we know it wouldn't exist.

  Artwork: NASA, ESA, CSA, Joseph Olmsted (STScI) One well-done gas giant, coming right up! That’s the latest from researchers analyzing NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope’s observations of HD 80606 b, an exoplanet four times the mass of Jupiter with an extremely elliptical orbit that sweeps close by its Sun-like star. The research team is presenting their study and preliminary findings Tuesday…

The Trump administration has announced billions in cuts to biomedical research grants, targeting "indirect costs" like lab infrastructure and utilities. The NIH will cap these rates at 15%, half the current average, saving $4 billion but raising fears of stalled scientific progress.

"All good work is done the way Ants do things: Little by Little." ~Lafcadio Hearn

Ants are Strong, Social, Insects with NO Lungs, OR Ears- Instead they communicate and hear through Scent, Touch, Chemical Signals, as well as Vibrations. They also have TWO Stomachs- ONE to Digest THEIR Food and the OTHER to store food for the COLONY!

Pelomyxa is a genus of large amoebae with distinctive biological features that make them significant in the study of protists. These organisms possess multiple nuclei that exist at various stages throughout their life cycle, allowing them to adapt to specific environmental conditions.

Although their surface is covered by numerous flagella, these structures are not functional for movement, as they have undergone evolutionary reduction and lost their role in locomotion. Rather than utilizing flagella for locomotion, Pelomyxa employs a slow crawling mechanism along the bottom of lakes and ponds, moving at a gradual pace.

Pelomyxa is specialized for life in low-oxygen zones found in the bottom sediments of freshwater environments. These amoebae are typically located in the sediment-covered bottoms of ponds and small lakes, where the soil is rich in decaying organic matter, especially decomposed plant material such as broken-down leaves. These conditions provide an ideal environment for Pelomyxa to develop in relative isolation, hidden from most other aquatic organisms.

Currently, 14 species of Pelomyxa are recognized, while historical records mention about 20 additional species that have not been observed since their initial descriptions. Some of these species may have gone extinct, while others may still exist in unexplored habitats, awaiting rediscovery.

An interesting example is Amoeba quarta, first described in 1884 by the researcher August Gruber. After its initial observation, this species seemingly disappeared from scientific knowledge until 2024, when researchers from St. Petersburg rediscovered it during a study of the sediments of Lake Osinovskoe in northwest Russia. Subsequent investigations revealed that this organism belonged to the genus Pelomyxa, and the species was renamed Pelomyxa quarta.

These rediscoveries emphasize the importance of studying ecosystems that often remain overlooked but may conceal organisms critical for understanding biodiversity. The slow-moving, inconspicuous Pelomyxa offers valuable insights into ecological processes in the depths of freshwater ecosystems, which are frequently underexplored. This also serves as a reminder that many unknown species may still be waiting to be discovered and included in contemporary biological research.