#rouran

When Buluzhen was established, he entrusted government affairs to Shuli. Earlier, Chiluohou of the Gaoche had rebelled against his chief leader, and guided Shelun to rout the various section groups. Shelun favoured him, and used him as a noble. Buluzhen and Shelun's son Sheba together came to Chiluohou's house, and debauched his lesser wife.

The wife told about Buluzhen. Chiluohou wished to raise up Datan as the ruler, and presented Datan with a golden horse bit as a pledge. Buluzhen heard about it. He returned home sent 8 000 cavalry to go and surround Chilouhou. Chilouhou burnt his precious treasures, cut his own throat and died. Buluzhen thereupon hid from [?] Datan. Datan sent out the army to seize Buluzhen and Sheba. He strangled and killed them, and then established himself.

Datan was the son of Shelun's uncle, the third of the brothers, Puhun. He had previously controlled a separate section, headquartered at the western border. He was able to obtain the multitudes' hearts, the people of state pushed him forward and supported him. His title was Mouhanheshenggai Kehan. The Wei say Arranging Victory.

When Helü, father and son, had arrived at Long, Feng Ba enfeoffed him as Marquis of Shanggu. Buluzhen heard about it. He returned home sent 8 000 cavalry to go and surround Chilouhou. He burnt his precious treasures, cut his own throat and died. Buluzhen thereupon hid from [?] Datan. Datan sent out the army to seize Buluzhen and Sheba. He strangled and killed them, and then established himself.

Datan was the son of Shelun's uncle, the third of the brothers, Puhun. He had previously controlled a separate section, headquartered at the western border. He was able to obtain the multitudes' hearts, the people of state pushed him forward and supported him. His title was Mouhanheshenggai Kehan. The Wei say Arranging Victory. When Helü, father and son, had arrived at Long, Feng Ba enfeoffed him as Marquis of Shanggu.

Datan led the multitudes moved south to violate the the frontier. Taizong personally chastised him. Datan was afraid, and then escaped and ran. Dispatched the Marquis of Shanyang, Xi Jin, and others to pursue him. There happened to be cold and snow. The officers and multitudes who froze to death or lost fingers were two or three out of ten.

When Taizon expired, and Shizu was enthroned [in 423 AD], Datan heard and was greatly joyful. In the 1st Year of Shiguang [424 AD], he therefore robbed Yunzhong. Shizu personally chastised him, after three days and two nights he arrived in Yunzhong. Datan's cavalry surrounded Shizu more than fifty-fold [?]. The cavalry pressured and the horse heads were next to each other like a wall. The officers and men were greatly scared. The colour of Shizu's face was similar to himself, the multitudes' feeling were therefore calmed.

Before this, Datan's younger brother Dana had disputed the state with Shelun. He was defeated and came in flight. Datan used Dana's son Yuzhijin as a section leader. The army soldiers shot Yuzhijin and killed him. Datan was afraid, and therefore turned back.

2nd Year [425 AD], Shizu greatly raised up to conquer him, and from east to west advanced side by side on five roads. The King of Pingyang, Zhangsun Han, and others was going towards the Black Desert, the Duke of Ruyin, Zhangsun Daosheng towards between the White and Black Deserts, the Chariot Drove towards the central road, the Duke of Dongping, E Qing, was next to the west, towards Li Park, the King of Xuancheng, Xi Jin, General An Yuan and others the western road towards Erhan Mountain.

The various armies arrived south of the desert, and rested the supply wagons. The light cavalry took fifteen days' provisions, and traversed the desert to chastise them. Datan's section groups were terrified and surprised, and ran north.

1st Year of Shenjia, 8th Month [26 August – 24 September 428 AD], Datan dispatched his son to command more than 10 000 cavalry to enter the frontier. They killed and plundered the border people, and then left. The adherent state of the Gaoche pursued, struck and routed them. [He?] turned back from Guangning to pursue them but did not catch up.

2nd Year, 4th Month [19 May – 17 June 429 AD], Shizu drilled troops in the southern suburbs, and was about to assault Datan. The nobles, ministers and great subjects all did not wish to travel. The soil technicians Zhang Yuan and Xu Bian used astronomy to censure and halt Shizu. Shizu followed Cui Hao's plan and moved. It happened that messengers from south of the Jiang returned, and claimed Liu Yilong wished to violate Henan. They spoke to the moving people, saying:

You urgently report to the ruler of Wei. Return our land of Henan, and [we] will immediately stop [our] troops. If not so, [you will] reach the end of our generals and soldiers' strength.

Shizu heard and greatly laughed. He told the nobles and ministers, saying:

The softshell turtle, young and immature, is aiding himself with no leisure. How is he able to do so? He has almost made [himself] able to come [?] Suppose we do not first wipe out the Ruanruan, [but] readily furthermore sit and wait for the bandits to arrive, belly and back will receive the enemy, this not the best plan. I will act and decide.

Hence the Chariot Drove to set out on the eastern road towards Hei Mountain. The King of Pingyang, Zhangsun Han followed the western road towards Da'e Mountain. They met together at the thieves' courtyard.

5th Month [18 June – 16 July], they stayed south of the Sandy Desert. They rested the supply wagons, went light to assault them, and arrived at Li River. Datan's multitudes ran west. His younger brother Pili had previously directed the eastern groups, he wanted to go to Datan, but came across Han's army. Han let loose the cavalry to strike him, and killed several hundred of his great men.

His younger brother Pili had previously directed the eastern groups, he wanted to go to Datan, but came across Han's army. Han let loose the cavalry to strike him, and killed several hundred of his great men. Datan heard about it and shook in terror, he commanded his relatives and partisans to burn down the huts and houses, and leave no trace of their flight west, so that there was no knowledge of where they had gone.

Hence the state's groups scattered in four directions, and ran away to hide in the mountains and valleys. The livestock and property were spread out in the wilderness, no person gathered or looked after. Shizu moved west along the Li River, and went beyond the Han general Dou Xian's old ramparts.

6th Month [17 July – 15 August], the Chariot Drove to stay at the Mianyuan River, 3 700 li distant from Pingcheng. Divided the army to seek out and chastise. To the east they reached the wide ocean, to the west they continued to Zhangye, to the north they crossed Yanran Mountain, from east to west more than 5 000 li, from south to nor 3 000 li. The various sections of the Gaoche killed Datan's kindred. From beginning to end [those who] returned in surrender were more than 300 000. They took prisoner and captured more than 1 000 000 captives and arms and horses [?].

8th Month [14 September – 13 October], Shizu heard the eastern section of the Gaoche had garrisoned Yini Slope, the people and livestock were a considerable multitude, more than 1 000 li distant from the official army. Thereupon he dispatched the Supervisor of the Left, An Yuan, and others to go and chastise them. When he reached Yini Slope, the various sections of the Gaoche who looked at the army and surrendered were several hundred thousand.

Datan's section groups weakened and declined, because of that he took ill and died. His son Wuti was established. His title was Chilian Kehan. The Wei say Godly and Sagely.

4th Year [431 AD], he dispatched envoys to court with presents. Before this, the northern borderland scouting cavalry had captured Wuti's southern division patrols, more than 20 people. Shizu bestowed on them clothes and dress, and dispatched them home. Wuti, high and low, felt the virtue, that was the reason for the court tribute from him. Shizu was very hospitable to his envoys and then dispatched them.

3rd Year of Yanhe, 2nd Month [24 February – 25 March 434 AD], used Wuti to wed the Princess of Xihai. Also dispatched envoys to accept Wuti's younger sister as a Lady. Again advanced [her] to be Radiant Decorous of the Left. Wuti dispatched his older brother Tulugui and several hundred of his left and right to come to court, and present 2 000 horses. Shizu was greatly pleased, and distributed bestowal to great extent.

Arriving at the 2nd Year of Taiyan [436 AD], he then broke the peace and violated the frontier.

4th Year [438 AD], the Chariot Drove to favour Wuyuan, and thereupon campaigned against him. The King of Leping, Pi, and the Duke of Hedong, He Duoluo, supervised 15 generals to set out on the eastern road. The King of Yongchang, Jian, and the King of Yidu, Mu Shou, supervised 15 generals to set out on the western road. The Chariot Drove to set out on the central road.

Arriving at Junji Mountain, split the central road to then become two roads. The King of Chenliu, Chong followed the Great Marsh towards Zhuoye Mountain. The Chariot Drove following north of Junji towards Tian Mountain. To the west they climbed the White Mound, and carved a rock to record the acts. They did not see the Ruanruan and turned back. At the time there was great drought north of the desert, there was no water or grass, and many of the army horses died.

5th Year [439 AD], the Chariot Drove west to attack Juqu Mujian. The King of Yidu, Mu Shou, assisted Jingmu to stay and defend. The King of Changle, Xi Jing, and King Yao [?] of Jianning, Chong, with 20 000 people headquartered south of the desert, to thereby prepare against the Ruanruan. Wuti in the end violated the frontier. Shou habitually did not make preparations. The thieves reaches Qijie Mountain. The Capital District was greatly scared, and strove to flee inside the city.

The Minister of Works, Zhangsun Daosheng resisted them at Tutui Mountain. Of Wuti's robbers, he kept his elder brother Qiliegui with the various armies of the Northern Headquarters to defend each other [?]. Jing, Chong, and others routed Qiliegui to the north of Yin mountain, and captured him. Qiliegui sighed and said:

Juqu destroyed us.

They captured his senior uncle Tawuwuluhu and 500 of his generals and leaders, the cut off heads tallied more than 100 000. Wuti heard and escaped and ran. Daosheng pursued him, he arrived south of the desert and turned back.

4th Year of Zhenjun [443 AD], the Chariot Drove to favour south of the desert. They divided along four roads: The King of Changle, Fan, and the King of Jianning, Chong, each commanded 15 generals and set out on the eastern road. The King of Leping commanded 15 generals and set out on the western road. The Chariot Drove to set out on the central road. The King of Zhongshan, Chen, led 15 generals as the rear support of the central road. The Chariot Drove to arrive in the Luhun Valley, and was about to meet with the thieves. Wuti escaped and ran. They pursued to reach the Egen He, struck and routed him. The Chariot Drove to arrive at the Stone River and turned back.