Reading-list for an âold-school D&Dâ fantasy
Aka, here is the list of the fantasy books that MASSIVELY influenced the original D&D and its first editions. Or, if you want to put it another way, the books that were the ingredients to create D&D/that were copied by D&D.
# J.R.R. Tolkienâs âThe Lord of the Ringsâ (+ âThe Hobbitâ). The source of modern fantasy, and THE main influence and source of old-school D&D. In fact, the creation of D&D was basically the creation of âThe Lord of the Rings: The Role-Playing Gameâ. Very famously (or unfamously), in its original edition, D&D included a LOT of elements taken from the work of Tolkien, that then had to be re-shaped due to being under the copyright of Tolkienâs work. In the first edition D&D youâll find âhobbitsâ, âmithrilâ and âbalrogsâ for example - that D&D had to change to âhalflingsâ, âmithralâ and âbalorsâ to legal reasons. The only Tolkien-specific creatures D&D could keep were the orcs. Overall a LOT of D&D comes from Tolkien: the original depictions of elves and dwarfs, the ents (sorry, treants), the wights, the symbols of the âeye of fireâ and âwhite handâ for the gods the orcs worship... And of course, the âRangerâ class was originally just the character of Aragorn as a class.
# Poul Andersonâs âThree Hearts and Three Lionsâ. This book was one of the two sources for the alighnment system of D&D of âOrder versus Chaosâ in a fantasy world. The D&D trolls were also heavily influenced by the depiction of trolls in this novel, PLUS the âPaladinâ class was influenced by the character of Holger Carlsen.
# Michael Moorcockâs âThe Elric Sagaâ.The other main source of the âOrder vs Chaosâ, âLawful vs Chaoticâ alignment of D&D - but also the main inspiration behind the Drow and the D&D-shaped image of âDark Elvesâ in general (in the novels, they are the MelnibonĂ©an Empire). D&D also contains several other references to the Saga - for example âBlackrazorâ is inspired by Elricâs iconic sword, âStormbringerâ.
# Robert E. Howardâs âConan the Barbarianâ. The source of heroic fantasy the same way Tolkienâs LotR was the source of epic/high fantasy - the Barbarian class of D&D (and the image of a Barbarian in fantasy in general) all comes from Conan.Â
# Fritz Leiberâs âFafhrd and the Gray Mouserâ. The origin of the âSword and Sorceryâ genre (at least, as called as such), originally intended as a parody of the Conan-style heroic fantasy genre, but then promptly becoming itself a serious and admired genre-creating classic, Leiberâs works were another major inspiration for D&D (the âThiefâ class was heavily inspired by the character of the Gray Mouser), and there is a good number of supplements and books in D&D entirely centered around this book series - introducing the characters of the books, the gods of Newhon, or the city of Lankhmar, into the D&D world.Â
# Jack Vanceâs âThe Dying Earthâ series. The magic system of D&D was heavily influenced by how Vance re-imagined magic and spells in this unique sci-fi feeling fantasy: some spells and items are directly taken from the books (the prismatic spray, the ioun stones) and the entire concept of needing to âre-learnâ or âre-chargeâ a spell once it is cast is the Dying Earth magic system (called by some âVancian Magicâ).Â
# H.P. Lovecraftâs work (especially anything tied to the âCthulhu Mythosâ). Lovecraftâs brand of eldritch horror and alien fantasy has also been a big influence over the creatures and deities of early D&D - to the point that the various gods of the Cthulhu Mythos were included as one of the pantheons that could be used in the early editions of D&D (alongside other pantheons such as the gods of Newhon from Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser, or the gods of the Conan world).Â
# Gary Gygax, one of the creators of D&D, also listed other authors as direct influence for his game, but given I am less familiar with them I will just list them here: Fletcher Pratt (I think it might be his âHarold Sheaâ series, quite famous in the fantasy genre), L. Sprague de Camp, Edgar Rice Burroughs (the creator of some of the most famous American fictional characters, such as John Carter of Mars, or Tarzan) and A. Merritt.Â
(Finally, not a literary work, but a series of movies that also influenced early D&D: the âSinbadâ movies of the mid-20th century. If you look through the creatures, monsters and illustrations of early editions D&D youâll find several references to movies such as âThe 7th Voyage of Sinbadâ or âThe Golden Voyage of Sinbadâ)













