Jun 9, 2022
The Young Oxford Book of the Prehistoric World. 1995.
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The Young Oxford Book of the Prehistoric World. 1995.
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The ancient murderer, Palaeophonus (1884)
Phylum : Arthropoda Class : Arachnida Order : Scorpiones Suborder : Protoscorpiones Genus : Palaeophonus Species : P. arctus, P. lightbodyi, P. nuncius, P. osborni, P. caledonicus
Late Silurian/early Devonian (428 - 314 Ma)
7 cm long (size)
New Brunswick, Canada (map)
Palaeophonus was virtually identical to modern scorpions. It grew to a lengths64–89 mm. These animals did not have eyes and therefore they were blind.
Until a few decades ago it was thought that Palaeophonus, similarly to many other scorpions of the Silurian, was one of the earliest animals to have conquered the land. In fact, a closer examination of the fossils has determined that these animals possess well developed gills, very similar to those of contemporary Eurypterids (or sea scorpions).
It is likely, therefore, that Palaeophonus and its relatives were water scorpions, living in the estuaries to hunt small prey. In any case, it is highly likely that these animals reached from time to time the mainland and would have preyed upon small creatures that lived alongside it, including primitive springtails and millipedes.