#p2 max

When it comes to text box, people may think that it is only used to insert text, which is very simple. In fact, this kind of understanding is somewhat superficial. If we dig out the potential ability of the text box, it will make the slide shine. Next, let's learn how to use text boxes to create creative charts. Let's first make an example of using circular dots to represent the percentage of occupancy, and then look at more extended functions of text boxes.

You often see TDP measurements on specification sheets, and it’s important info for people with desktop PCs. But TDP definitions are like opinions—everybody’s got one. Let’s cut through the confusion and talk about what a TDP number means for you.

What Does TDP Mean?

TDP is an acronym people use to refer to all of the following: Thermal Design Power, Thermal Design Point, and Thermal Design Parameter. Luckily, these all mean the same thing. The most common is Thermal Design Power, so that’s what we’ll use here.

Thermal Design Power is a measurement of the maximum amount of heat a CPU or GPU generates under an intense workload.

Components generate heat as a computer works, and the harder it works, the hotter it gets. It’s the same with your phone. Play a game like Brawl Stars for about 30 minutes, and you’ll notice the back of your phone gets hotter as the components use more electricity.

Some PC enthusiasts also refer to TDP as the maximum amount of power a component can use. And some companies, like NVIDIA, say it’s both:

“TDP is the maximum power that a subsystem is allowed to draw for a ‘real world’ application, and also the maximum amount of heat generated by the component that the cooling system can dissipate under real-world conditions.”

Most of the time, however, TDP means the amount of heat a component generates and a cooling system must remove. It’s expressed in watts, which is usually a measure of power (like electricity) but can also refer to heat.

TDP is often used as a stand-in for power draw because the two often end up being equivalent or close. That’s not always the case, however, which is why you shouldn’t use TDP to decide the size of your PC’s power supply.

TDPs for Processors

AMD vs. Intel

If TDP is based on the amount of heat generated during a heavy workload, who decides what that workload is, or at what clock speed the chip should be running? Since there’s no standardized method to rate TDP, chip manufacturers come up with their own methods. That means PC enthusiasts have vastly different opinions about TDPs for Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) versus Intel CPUs.

In general, enthusiasts argue that AMD’s TDP numbers are more realistic. Intel, meanwhile, often publishes TDP ratings that are lower than what people experience with their systems, which makes TDP less reliable as a stand-in for power draw.

Anandtech recently explained how Intel arrives at its TDP ratings, and why they always seem to be off. CPUs operate at their boost levels (faster speeds) when under heavy workloads for sustained periods of time. The trouble is Intel bases its TDP ratings on when the processor runs at the base frequency rather than boost. So, an Intel processor frequently runs hotter than what Intel says you can expect on the box. If the system’s cooler can’t deal with those higher heat levels, the processor slows down to protect itself from damage. This results in poorer system performance. With a better cooler, though, these problems are less likely to occur.

Meanwhile, on the AMD side, there are many forum posts in which people argue that even with moderate overclocking, AMD’s stock coolers are more than adequate.

It’s All About Cooling

You can manage your system’s TDP if you use the best cooling solution for its CPU. If you don’t do any specialized tweaking to your system or prolonged AAA gaming, the stock cooler that comes with your CPU should be fine. Gamers, however, should look around—especially if you play games that rely heavily on the processor.

An aftermarket cooler can most likely deal with any heat your CPU throws at it. This web page lists more than 60 coolers from Cooler Master, a well-known PC equipment manufacturer. More than half of them have TDP ratings of 150 watts or higher, which should be enough for most consumer-grade CPUs. You can find CPU coolers at all sorts of price points. There are liquid cooling solutions that cost hundreds of dollars, and capable 150-watt heatsink and fan coolers for $20 to $50.

A proper cooler is only part of your PC’s heat-removal system. Proper airflow is also key. Be sure to check out our primer on how to manage your PC’s fans for optimal airflow and cooling.

TDP, T-Junction, and Max Temps

TDP helps you choose the right kind of cooling system for your CPU. What it doesn’t tell you, however, is how much heat a component can safely tolerate. For that, you need to look at one of two things.

If you have an Intel processor, you need to check the T-junction. Intel says it’s the “maximum temperature allowed at the processor die.” The “die” refers to the tiny areas of circuitry on a silicon wafer. For example, for the Core i9-9900K, the TDP is 95 watts, and the T-junction is 100 degrees Celsius. To find the T-junction for your CPU, go to Intel’s Ark site and look up your processor model.

AMD, meanwhile, uses the more straightforward term “Max Temps.” The Ryzen 5 3600 has a TDP of 65 watts, the Ryzen 5 3600X has a TDP of 95 watts, and both have a Max Temps of 95 degrees Celsius.

These are good numbers to know if you need to troubleshoot a PC that gets too hot. Overall, however, it’s best to focus on TDP first.

Graphics Cards

For mainstream consumers, TDP is more important for CPUs. Graphics cards have TDPs, but they also include built-in cooling solutions. You can get aftermarket GPU coolers, but they’re more difficult to install and generally unnecessary unless you’re into heavy overclocking. If you want to know your graphics card’s TDP, TechPowerUP is a reliable source.

Thermal design power is an important specification, especially for CPUs. But don’t get confused about its meaning. TDP helps you pick the right cooling solution for your components. And that’s it.

So how to get high performance with low TDP, that’s what us researched.

What we can did that’s find the balance, like smallest ultrabook GPD P2 MAX, the 8.9″ size but run full Windows 10, the TDP is 8W, but because the screen is small, so the performance is good too.

activeWith the amount of stress that can impact a laptop throughout its lifespan, it’s critical to understand how you can keep your laptop cool. Maintaining your device’s temperature is a key part of maintenance and a great way to get the most out of your investment.Fortunately, there are many ways to avoid a loss in functionality over time, and most of them focus on avoiding the excess heat that can wear on individual components.Some solutions are simple and low tech, while others require software or settings to be added or changed. We’ll go through some each to help you keep your (laptop’s) cool so you can stay productive.

Low cost solutions with no additional tech

The easiest way to keep your laptop cool is by preventing it from overheating in the first place, so the easiest low-cost solution is to make sure it’s properly ventilated. Here are some simple ways to do that.1. Avoid carpeted or padded surfacesCarpets, blankets, pillows, and clothes act as insulators, which means your laptop can’t ventilate properly when you work on these surfaces. To prevent blocking your laptop’s built-in vents, avoid anything that can enclose your laptop from the bottom.2. Elevate your laptop at a comfortable angleThe best way to guarantee proper ventilation is by elevating your laptop above your work surface.

Laptop stands

and wall mounts are widely available, but you can also improvise with a book or similar small object.3. Keep your laptop and workspace cleanWhile carpets, blankets, and other materials can seriously inhibit ventilation, allowing dust to block vents or accumulate on components can have a similar effect.You should periodically dust your workspace and clean your laptop with cotton swabs or compressed air - while it’s turned off - to prevent build up and excessive heat. There are also a number of ways to

tune up your PC

Software and settings solutions

If you’ve done all of the above but still need ways to cool your laptop down, there are software and settings options can help prevent overheating.4. Understand your laptop’s typical performance and settingsKnowing your laptop’s technical specifications is fundamental for understanding its performance. If you’re a media-heavy user, it’s likely that some extra heat will accumulate. However, if you’re a low-volume user who’s encountering the same issue, there may be bigger problems to address.Whatever your laptop situation, you should keep tabs on your power configuration, which is manageable via your regular settings interface in

Windows 10 laptops

. One easy tip is to lower your display’s brightness.5. Cleaning and security softwareYour laptop functionality can also be severely impaired by the potential spyware and malware that comes with regular internet use.There are many free and paid services with virus scans and protection that prevent third parties from installing this software onto your laptop. Malware and spyware can inhibit performance and increase heat accumulation as a result.

Cooling accessories to consider

6. Cooling matsOne of the most accessible accessory solutions is the

laptop cooling pad

or mat.Designed as a flat insert that rests evenly between your laptop and work surface, it’s designed to draw heat from your device’s most active components and direct it away. Most will rest flat or at an angle, and they’re sometimes integrated into stands. Many have USB fans.7. Heat sinksAdding a heat sink, whether air or

liquid cooling

, to your laptop can be more labor intensive and expensive, but it’s one of the most direct solutions to dispersing excess heat.

The sink absorbs heat from nearby components and then quickly disperses it through standard ventilation.

Monitor your computer’s temperature

Even if you can’t work out a solution with software or cooling accessories, you can at least pay attention to your laptop’s exterior temperature.If you’re using it and it feels hotter than normal, you may want to give it a short rest. From there, you can follow the tips outlined above to help find a solution to your heat issues.

Recently many non-fan ultrabook was published, I would like to say, if you want good performance, you must need fan.

The smallest laptop producer GPD was recognized this point, so all GPD products was use active cooling with fan to get better performance.

CPUs are made using billions of tiny transistors, electrical gates that switch on and off to perform calculations. They take power to do this, and the smaller the transistor, the less power is required. “7nm” and “10nm” are measurements of the size of these transistors—“nm” being nanometers, a miniscule length—and are a useful metric for judging how powerful a particular CPU is.

For reference, “10nm” is Intel’s new manufacturing process, set to debut in Q4 2019, and “7nm” is usually referring to TSMC’s process, which is what AMD’s new CPUs and Apple’s A12X chip are based on.

So Why Are These New Processes So Important?

Moore’s Law, an old observation that the number of transistors on a chip doubles every year while the costs are halved, held for a long time but has been slowing down lately. Back in the late 90s and early 2000s, transistors shrunk in size by half every two years, leading to massive improvements on a regular schedule. But further shrinking has gotten more complicated, and we haven’t seen a transistor shrink from Intel since 2014. These new processes are the first major shrinks in a long time, especially from Intel, and represent a brief rekindling of Moore’s law.

With Intel lagging, even mobile devices have had a chance to catch up, with Apple’s A12X chip being manufactured on TSMC’s 7nm process, and Samsung having their own 10nm process. And with AMD’s next CPUs on TSMC’s 7nm process, this marks a chance for them to jump past Intel in performance, and bring some healthy competition to Intel’s monopoly on the market—at least until Intel’s 10nm “Sunny Cove” chips start hitting shelves.

What The “nm” Really Means

CPUs are made using photolithography, where an image of the CPU is etched onto a piece of silicon. The exact method of how this is done is usually referred to as the process node and is measured by how small the manufacturer can make the transistors.

Since smaller transistors are more power efficient, they can do more calculations without getting too hot, which is usually the limiting factor for CPU performance. It also allows for smaller die sizes, which reduces costs and can increase density at the same sizes, and this means more cores per chip. 7nm is effectively twice as dense as the previous 14nm node, which allows companies like AMD to release 64-core server chips, a massive improvement over their previous 32 cores (and Intel’s 28).

It’s important to note though that while Intel is still on a 14nm node and AMD is set to launch their 7nm processors very soon, this doesn’t mean AMD’s will be twice as fast. Performance doesn’t scale exactly with the transistor size, and at such small scales, these numbers aren’t as precise anymore. The way each semiconductor foundry measures can vary from one to another, so it’s best to take them more as marketing terms used to segment products rather than exact measurements of power or size. For example, Intel’s upcoming 10nm node is expected to compete with TSMC’s 7nm node, despite the numbers not matching up.

Mobile Chips Will See the Biggest Improvements

A node shrink isn’t just about performance though; it also has huge implications for low-power mobile and laptop chips. With 7nm (compared to 14nm), you could get 25% more performance under the same power, or you could get the same performance for half the power. This means longer battery life with the same performance and much more powerful chips for smaller devices since you can effectively fit twice as much performance into the limited power target. We’ve already seen the A12X chip from Apple crushing some older Intel chips in benchmarks, despite being only passively cooled and packed inside a smartphone, and that’s just the first 7nm chip to hit the market.

So all of us is waiting 10nm comes.

But seems it will be in 2020, we can’t leave computer during this time, then we may choose others laptop.

The 8 gen CPU is good choice, made by 14nm++, the smallest ultrabook GPD P2 MAX used this CPU, at same time used 16GB RAM and 512 SSD, the good performance can help you to handle all case.