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Indian Railways serve 7,000 stations and 22 million passengers daily. Indian Railways commits to provide clients with safe and trustworthy train services, as well as clean and hygienic surroundings on trains and in stations. There are only 1600 long-distance trains. Suburban trains cover an average of 42 km. The remaining 4700 trains are estimated to be 3100 passenger trains traveling 50 to 250 km and 1600 mail/express trains operating 300 to 2400 km. Mail and fast trains are filthy. Both must be addressed. Even if we haven't done so, it would be fascinating to look at the train profile's duration and time (two or more nights or one night and arriving early in the morning) in terms of biological functioning and cultural norms. In the early days of the IR, lower-class train coaches had no bathrooms. On July 2, 1909, Babu Okhil Chandra Sen complained to Sahibganj [1].

Here's the letter

Later, all lower-class trains traveling over 50 kilometers were expected to have bathrooms added. Trains over 150km must have bathrooms in every compartment.

Indian Railways is testing three toilet models.

1.      Modular Toilet

The IR rebuilt the coach toilets to be more pleasant and modern. The revised toilets are created as fibre reinforced plastic modules that may be installed directly inside coaches in place of conventional toilets. Jan Shatabdi railway cars now have modular toilets. With the modular toilet, waste is stored in a sealed tank, eliminating the need for dirtying stations. When train speed surpasses 40 km/h, the tank is steadily emptied. There is no environmental impact because the discharge occurs in the broad countryside. 7.5 lakh per coach for modular toilets. It will be part of IR's Operation Cleanliness.

2.      Chemical Toilet

The RDSO of the IR has developed specifications for train toilet systems. Standard mainline rolling stock requires a vacuum toilet system to flush toilet waste to a collection/retention tank located below the under the frame. The toilet system should provide a sealed commode with an effective flushing mechanism and an odor-free interior for IR main line broad gauge (BG) coaches. There are four toilets in each IR mainline passenger coach. One or two toilets on some coaches. The coach type determines the quantity and type of toilets. No discharge of trash. No spilling of wastes on the bogie parts, undergear, or track.

3.      Bio Toilet

The IR had tried chemical toilets on long-distance trains, but they were not successful in terms of odour and disposal frequency. Other countries, however, employ this in planes and railways. Instead of keeping waste in a hole or piping it to a sewage treatment plant, a chemical toilet disinfects it using chemicals. The blue pigment in the bowl water identifies these toilets on flights and trains. Alternatively, a chemical toilet can be made by mixing chemicals with water in a container or bucket. These can be found on intercity buses or in dwellings without indoor plumbing.

As a result, IR is currently focused on bio-toilets developed with DRDO. Bacteria digest garbage. CO2 and methane are discharged into the atmosphere. Any remaining liquid can be discharged onto the tracks. Rats and fish were not harmed by the wastewater in experiments. They have been installed in about 5,500 trains since 2011. Passenger train bio-toilets not only reduce track littering by roughly 2,74,000 gallons per day but also save the Indian Railways around Rs 400 crore yearly. Indian Railways has installed 2,58,906 bio-toilets in 73,078 carriages, helping to keep railway tracks clean. A bio-toilet is a dry toilet that composes human waste. Methane gas, carbon dioxide gas, and water are produced from the decomposition of human excretory waste in the digester tank [2].

References:

1. Toilet and Trains, G. Raghuram (IIM Ahmedabad), August 2007.

Engineering is regarded as one of the most sought after career options in India. Working across several industries, engineering graduates handle a vast array of operations from development and production to quality check and distribution. From banks to the automobile industry to IT firms – engineers are required in every domain, today.

Like any other, the manufacturing sector also encompasses a skill set required for production and development. This demands a great deal of specialized knowledge and expertise. Hence, mechanical engineers come to the rescue here. 

The manufacturing or mechanical engineers are recruited by all kinds of organizations which manufacture a variety of machines, robotics and other equipment. Responsibility for layout, production planning and control, as well as maintenance is also a vital job responsibility that mechanical engineers undertake.

Defining Mechanical Engineering

Mechanical Engineering deals with the construction, design, repair, and modification of machines. The general idea behind this manufacturing/technological field is the understanding and knowledge of how heavy tools and machinery work. From building the simplest to the most sophisticated machines, mechanical engineers play a significant role in the industrial and technological development of the modern era.

Students pursuing a study in this field are taught all aspects of machines – from fluid mechanics to thermodynamics, kinematics, and even robotics. The study deals with the in-depth knowledge in design/production of tools, machines, and all other mechanical equipment used in manufacturing industries. 

The domain offers specializations in areas like thermal engineering, design, and production engineering. Mechanical engineers get placed in on-field, administrative and managerial positions in government departments or public/private industries. They can also opt for technical sales/marketing or work as an independent consultant for many manufacturing-based organizations.

 Why Choose Mechanical Engineering?

According to the India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF), the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow in India's diverse mechanical engineering industries from April 2000 to December 2019 stood at around US$ 3.63 billion. This report is generated as per data released by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).

The manufacturing engineering division in India attracts tremendous interest from foreign players and enjoys an advantage in terms of costs, technology, regulatory policies and innovation.

The report also states that the turnover of the capital goods industry in India's engineering market expects an increase to US$ 115.17 billion by 2025F. 

Make In India: An Increased Opportunity for Mechanical Engineers

Make in India has been an enthusiastic initiative launched by the Government of India to attract domestic manufacturing businesses. The step is taken to enhance the manufacturing share in India's GDP from the current 15 per cent to 25 per cent by 2025. 

Since manufacturing is one of the highest employment generating sectors, it has been of current focus through skill and industrial development. 

In order to achieve this target, the government has adopted a mix of policies for ease of doing business in India through good governance and scaling up infrastructural development - eventually multiplying the role and opportunities for mechanical engineers.

Career Prospects

Mechanical engineering forms the core of engineering. Take any sector; mechanical engineers can just fit to create and build. Almost all corporations in the government sector recruit a massive number of mechanical engineers, thus always standing a chance to land in a suitable job.

Opportunities in India's top PSUs 

The Public Sector Undertaking companies carry out recruitment drives almost every year to employ a large number of mechanical engineers.

Mechanical engineers are responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of their machinery, look after the technical aspects while fixing on-field problems. The primary line of work of all these PSUs requires the expertise of mechanical engineers.

Job in Indian Railways 

Every year, Railways absorb a vast number of mechanical engineers for both their junior and senior executive posts. The job profile involves supervising engine production and maintenance, site supervision, and so on. 

Government policies continue to feed Railways with a higher budget and more infrastructure and hence the job opportunities will continue to scale up for mechanical engineers here. 

A B.Tech degree in Mechanical Engineering can form your technical knowledge base and place you right ahead in the queue for a job in railways.

Job Scope in Indian Army

Mechanical engineers in the Army are generally responsible for overseeing the adequate condition and maintenance of the machinery. 

Indian Army recruits mechanical engineers for all their branches. The incentives and salaries are indescribable along with job security. India is currently shooting up its defence at an exponential rate and will soon have a massive demand for mechanical graduates.

Opportunities in Science and beyond

Right from sending satellites to planning for a human-crewed Moon mission, organizations such as Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) or Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), need a reliable team of mechanical engineers. 

The expertise of the mechanical engineers here will come handy to operate the robots that assemble the involved machinery in the space shuttle.

The importance of a right college in life is so profound that a wrong decision can affect your overall career.

A top, reliable engineering college highlights good teaching, is known for its proficient faculty members and often conducts relevant engineering research. 

Choosing an engineering college will be one of the most challenging decisions for your engineering educational career. You'll need to consider what type of degree you'll be required to fulfil your career goals - and whether or not the institution you're considering meets your personal criteria.

In this article, we will discuss different parameters of an Engineering college that will help you in getting the answer to how to choose the perfect college for yourself.

Choose a specialization or branch 

Have you decided on which engineering branch that you wish to pursue? Because without having one proceeding further for the best college is not a smart idea. 

Whether it is Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, Information Technology or Electrical Engineering – be clear with your specialization for your Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) or Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) program. 

Randomly choosing any branch just for the sake of pursuing engineering would undoubtedly lack a direction in future career prospects. 

Infrastructure

This is an essential factor while choosing a college. Infrastructure does not only mean a magnificent looking building. It also signifies whether a college has an adequate amount of infrastructure support according to its intake capacity. 

It includes buildings for the classroom, workshops, administration, computer labs, various laboratories etc. During your four years of graduation you will be requiring all these things, hence stay aware of the infrastructure aspect of the college while choosing one.

Faculty

The infrastructure can never be the only important factor when deciding a college. It is the faculty that makes a college resourceful; otherwise, it will be a school without a teacher. Always have look at a list of college faculty which includes professors, lecturers, teacher-student ratio, visiting faculty, their teaching experience etc.

Placements

Placements of a college depend upon various factors like its faculty, facilities or infrastructure given by the college to its students, placement performance of previous passed-out students, college rank,  and definitely, the individual talent.

Do have a look at the past placement record of college - engineering branch wise, as well as keep track of the companies students there are placed into. 

Amenities

This is another crucial factor that you have to keep in your mind. Facilities provided by the college will assist you during your college phase. These amenities encompass the library, hostel, banking facility, internet, intranet, auditorium, student clubs etc.

Accreditation

Quality education, campus placements, financial aid, job opportunities or scholarships are some of the advantages of accreditation. 

The National Board of Accreditation (NBA) and the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) are the accreditation organizations that evaluate and assess the technical institutions, programmes and higher education in the country. 

So, do a proper check on the credibility of the college and the accreditation.

Do not go by brand

Just because a specific college is famous does not mean it will be the right one for you. For instance, if you are planning to study electronics and the college has excellent teaching faculty and facilities in mechanical engineering, it serves no purpose for you. 

It is vital to consider all aspects and not just the brand loyalty of a college before adding it to your list.

 Extracurricular activities

Wondering why this factor is vital during the selection of an engineering college? 

Well, because "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy". 

This stands true since not only do you have to study, but also have to survive in an ambitious environment and for that, you have to develop an all-rounder personality.

Extracurricular activities play a significant role in personality development. So have a look at activities offered by college like students’ club, seminars, workshops, industrial training, 

social events, etc. 

Goals

Define your goals. Determine whether you want to opt for a job, go for research & development or business. A job may be in the private or government sector. There can also be a possibility of running your family business or start your own. What are your primary motives? Power or money or both?

If you are bent towards research and development, then you should also have a bearing on your choice for whether you wish to settle down in India or abroad. Say if you are interested in settling in America or Canada, then IT-related engineering streams would suit you more rather than opting for civil engineering.

  Location

Although location as a factor does not play a very decisive role, if the college is near any industrial hub, then it may be slightly useful to you. You'll be able to have easy access to learning outside the college as well.

In today's world, it is incomprehensible to imagine a world without technology and to cease from marvelling at its influence. Computer Science and Information Technology have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. The impact of the information revolution on society has changed the way people use computers and the way they think about them.

Today, computers are being used in every aspect of life: automobile, video games, engines, telephones, medicine, and orbital satellites that deliver cable signals around the world. And that is not all. The industry is ever-evolving and one of the fastest-growing segments, technologically.

The Career Scope of Computer Science Engineering

Computer Science Engineering is a vast domain with opportunities galore. It provides a fertile ground for honing research skills and offering the desired impetus to drive innovation. 

Graduates with a degree in Computer Science Engineering might find themselves in diverse environments - academia, research, industry, government, and private or not-for-profit organizations. 

Computer technologists are guided by experts to study and analyze challenges, work for product development and formulate solutions.  They thus make an enormous impact through varied applications across the socio-economic sphere, especially in business, science, and medicine.

The evolution of newer technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Robotics, has boosted the scope of computer science engineering leaps and bounds.  The field of study has evolved over the years to meet industry expectations. The students are now able to learn new technologies and tools that ensure they sail smoothly into the professional environment.

Computer science engineering students are offered with an opportunity to learn the advanced concepts of emerging technologies to keep pace with future trends.

Therefore, it is advisable to carefully study the proposed course in the college you are applying considering the career you wish to enter into. Check minutely to ensure the curriculum includes the updated trends.

Why Computer Science Engineering is a Hot Pick?

As per the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), computer jobs are expected to grow about 12% from 2018 to 2028. 

Also, the IT-BPM sector in India stood at US$177 billion in 2019 witnessing a growth of 6.1 per cent. It is being estimated that the industry size will grow to US$ 350 billion by 2025.  Indian IT companies have set up 1,000 + global delivery centres in about 80 countries across the world.

While India's IT & ITeS industry grew to US$ 181 billion in 2018-19,  revenue from the digital division is expected to constitute 38 per cent of the forecasted US$ 350 billion industry revenue by 2025.

Interestingly, the leading Indian IT firms like Infosys, Wipro are diversifying their offerings in blockchain, artificial intelligence to clients in order to create differentiated offerings.

Thus, it can be said that large MNCs and IT companies across the world are embracing computer science graduates.  A sustained inflow of CS engineers is essential. The constant demand for computer science engineers is profound across various sectors, including IT firms, financial services, healthcare units, automotive industry, to name a few. 

With opportunities in such enormous proportions, it is only prudent to garner skills, equip and stay competent to take advantage of emerging scenarios fully. Remember, the scope of computer science engineering is boundless; one needs to stay equipped to capitalize on the right opportunity.

Job Opportunities Awaiting with a Degree in Computer Science Engineering

Like all other engineering professions, computer science engineering, too, requires practical knowledge to be employable. The knowledge acquired must be put to the test via experiential learning. 

Also, you need to be pro-active and stay updated about the latest technologies and developments in this field.  Recruiters seek professionals who are proficient at all the related technologies. Hence, it is mandatory to master a wide range of emerging technologies for ease in securing jobs, and most importantly excelling at it. 

Besides, the scope in regular corporate jobs, computer science has a vast scope in Railways, too.

The train travelling industry is continuously transforming and enhancing itself, from technology to sustainability. And guess, who could be the heroes in this?

Yes, YOU could be the one behind those many successful digital technologies that shape the seamless travelling experience!

Having said that, let's list down a few career opportunities for computer science and engineering aspirants:

1. Software Engineering

Software engineering is a practical and profitable career choice for those who enjoy creative problem-solving.  Software engineers spend their time designing, coding and deploying software solutions based on distinct needs. 

These solutions could be in the form of traditional software programs, mobile apps or the operating systems that create a framework in which other software runs. 

2. Computer Systems Analysis

As a computer systems analyst, it is up to you to decide on what technology an organization needs and put together the best system to support its goals. 

This encompasses hardware and software that work together to streamline operations. The systems designed are required to facilitate the seamless transfer of information between departments while maintaining data integrity. 

3. Information & Network Security

Companies usually recognize the need for someone with the skills to ensure secure systems as they want to maintain a positive brand image. Computer science experts mitigate security risks and address software vulnerabilities. Typically, this field ensures vast knowledge on subjects such as database management, cryptography, advanced operating systems,  and encryption strategies.

The role of an information security analyst is to assess the current security systems and apply fixes to prevent malicious users from accessing data. 

4. Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics concentrates on the intersection of biology and computer science.  Apart from mining and interpreting biological data, this specialization includes applications of technology in medical contexts, such as genome sequencing and computational biology.

5. Web Development

Web developers shift the burden away from onsite staff and ensure the implementation of a professional-quality website. They are responsible for putting together a site's layout, writing content and monitoring performance once the site goes live. 

For being an adept professional in this field, you need a solid hold on design concepts, strong code writing skills and knowledge of current design trends.

The Final Thought

The scope of computer science engineering is enormous but the learning does not stop with a mere college degree. New ideas get developed every day. Success requires an open-ended involvement in maintaining the updated knowledge as well as a dedication to push beyond the comfortable.

All the above-stated opportunities denote the broad scope for aspiring computer engineers and also the global prospects it holds. Tech-driven jobs are the 'Careers of the Future', and hence it's never too late to start honing in the engineering specialization - where you'd most like to work.

Introduction: In the heartland of Maharashtra, MITCORER stands tall as a beacon of engineering excellence, carving a niche for itself in the realm of railway engineering and research. As a pioneer in the field, MITCORER has consistently striven to shape the future of engineering education, emphasizing not just theoretical knowledge but also hands-on experience and innovation.

Historical Significance: Established with a vision to cater specifically to the railway sector, MITCORER has a unique historical significance. Founded under the umbrella of the renowned MIT Group of Institutions Pune, Maharashtra, the college has been instrumental in addressing the specialized needs of the Civil Engineering,, Computer Science and Engineering, E&tC Engineering and MEchanical Engineering with value added railway industry curriculum, which plays a pivotal role in the country's infrastructure.

Cutting-Edge Curriculum: One of the hallmarks of MITCORER is its forward-looking curriculum, carefully crafted to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving engineering landscape. The college places a strong emphasis on industry-relevant skills, with a curriculum that blends traditional engineering principles with the latest advancements in technology. Students are exposed to a comprehensive range of subjects, ensuring a holistic understanding of railway engineering.

State-of-the-Art Facilities: MITCORER takes pride in its world-class infrastructure, providing students with state-of-the-art facilities to enhance their learning experience. Modern classrooms, well-equipped laboratories, and a specialized research center focused on railway engineering underscore the commitment of MITCORER to fostering an environment conducive to academic and practical excellence.

Industry Integration: To bridge the gap between academia and industry, MITCORER has established strong ties with leading players in the IT, manufacturing, COnstruction, infrastructure and communication sector. Collaborations with industry giants facilitate internships, workshops, and guest lectures, exposing students to real-world challenges and solutions. This industry integration ensures that graduates are not only well-versed in theoretical concepts but are also industry-ready from day one.

Research and Innovation: MITCORER places significant emphasis on fostering a culture of research and innovation. Faculty members and students engage in cutting-edge research projects, contributing to advancements in railway technology. The college's commitment to innovation is reflected in its encouragement of students to participate in national and international competitions, showcasing their prowess on a global stage.

Extracurricular Activities: Engineering education at MITCORER goes beyond the confines of textbooks. The college recognizes the importance of holistic development and offers a plethora of extracurricular activities. Student clubs, cultural events, and sports activities complement the academic curriculum, nurturing well-rounded individuals equipped with leadership and teamwork skills.

Alumni Success Stories: The true measure of an institution's success lies in the achievements of its alumni. MITCORER boasts an impressive array of success stories, with its graduates making significant contributions to the railway industry and beyond. Alumni networks provide current students with valuable insights and mentorship, creating a continuum of success.